Previous cardiac surgery: a predictor of mortality in aortic valve replacement?

Abstract Introduction: Previous cardiac surgery (PCS) is a risk factor for operative mortality in pa-tients undergoing reoperative aortic valve replacement (AVR) and may be influenced by the volume of patients in each center. The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of AVR in patients with previous cardiac surgery in a low volume cardiac center (400 cases per year). Methods: Between January 2006 and December 2016, 854 patients underwent isolated AVR surgery at our institution. Of these, 70 had PCS. Propensity match (PM) was per-formed to balance basal covariates. Operative mortality and survival were the primary outcomes. Results: The PCS and first-time surgery (FTS) groups had significant differences in base-line characteristics (PCS group were older, higher incidence of hypertension, endocarditis, NYHA III/IV, lower LVEF, higher creatinine and higher EuroSCORE). In the unmatched population, patients with PCS had higher operative mortality (17.1% vs. 4.6%, P=0.001). In the PM groups, this difference was not significant (12.5% and 3.6%, P=0.08). The only independent predictors for operative mortality found in the PCS group were age and fe-male gender. Age and diabetes were identified as the only independent predictors of sur-vival. Conclusion: PCS was not a predictor for operative mortality nor long-term survival in pa-tients undergoing isolated aortic valve replacement.

Fatores de risco associados à mortalidade hospitalar em reoperação valvar mitral / Risk factors associated with hospital mortality in mitral valve reoperation

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar os fatores associados à mortalidade em reoperação valvar mitral, criar um modelo preditivo de mortalidade e avaliar o EuroSCORE. Métodos: foram avaliados 65 pacientes submetidos à reoperação de valva mitral no período de janeiro de 2008 a dezembro de 2017. Foi verificada a associação das variáveis com o óbito e criado um modelo de regressão logística múltiplo para estratificar os pacientes. Resultados: a mortalidade hospitalar foi de 13,8% e, neste grupo, o EuroSCORE foi de 12,33±8,87 (p=0,017), a fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo (FEVE) foi de 45,33±5,10 (p=0,000), a creatinina foi 1,56±0,29 (p=0,002), o tempo de atividade da protrombina (TAP): 1,64±0,15 (p=0,001), pressão sistólica da artéria pulmonar (PSAP): 66,1±13,6 (p=0,002), sexo feminino: 88% (p=0,000), desnutrição: 77,7% (p=0,007), doença tricúspide associada: 44,4% (p=0,048), presença de arritmia ventricular: 77,7% (p=0,005), implante de prótese biológica: 55,5% (p=0,034), broncopneumonia e sepse: 33,3% (p=0,048), síndrome da resposta inflamatória sistêmica (SIRS): 55,5% (p=0,001), síndrome do baixo débito cardíaco: 88,8% (p=0,000). Conclusão: os fatores associados à mortalidade foram: EuroSCORE, FEVE, creatinina, TAP, PSAP, sexo feminino, desnutrição, doença tricúspide, arritmia ventricular, implante de prótese biológica, SIRS, SBDC, broncopneumonia e sepse. As variáveis explicativas de óbito do modelo foram: EuroSCORE, creatinina, TAP, FEVE, tempo de internamento na unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI), intervalo entre cirurgias e presença de arritmia ventricular. O EuroSCORE elevado está relacionado à maior mortalidade.

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the factors associated with mortality in mitral valve reoperation, to create a predictive model of mortality and to evaluate the EuroSCORE. Methods: a total of 65 patients were evaluated from January 2008 to December 2017. It was verified the association of variables with death and a multiple logistic regression model was used to stratify patients. Results: hospital mortality was 13.8% and in the Death Group: EuroSCORE was 12.33±8.87 (p=0.017), the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 45.33±5.10 (p=0.000), the creatinine was 1.56±0.29 (p=0.002), the prothrombin time (TAP) was 1.64 (p=0.001), pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PSAP): 66.1±13.6 (p=0.002), female: 88% (p=0.000), malnutrition: 77.7% (p=0.007), associated tricuspid disease: 44,4% (p=0.048), presence of ventricular arrhythmia: 77.7% (p=0.005), implantation of a biological prosthesis: 55.5% (p=0.034), bronchopneumonia and sepsis: 33,3% (p=0.048), systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS): 55.5% (p=0.001), low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS): 88.8% (p=0.000). Conclusion: the factors associated with mortality were: EuroSCORE, LVEF, creatinine, TAP, PSAP, female, malnutrition, tricuspid disease, ventricular arrhythmia, implantation of biological prosthesis, SIRS, SBDC, bronchopneumonia and sepsis. The explanatory variables of death of the model were: EuroSCORE, creatinine, TAP, LVEF, length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU), interval between surgeries and presence of ventricular arrhythmia. The high EuroSCORE is related to higher mortality.

Factores asociados a la mortalidad en las reintervenciones quirúrgicas / Mortality-associated factors in surgical resurgeries

Introducción: las reintervenciones constituyen un serio problema de origen multifactorial que inquieta a los cirujanos y empeora el pronóstico del enfermo operado. Objetivo: identificar los niveles de mortalidad según variables seleccionadas y sus causas. Método: se realizó un estudio observacional y descriptivo de 110 pacientes admitidos en el Servicio de Cirugía General del Hospital Provincial Docente Saturnino Lora de Santiago de Cuba durante el trienio 2013-2015 y que fueron reintervenidos durante los primeros 30 días posteriores a la operación inicial, de los cuales fallecieron 19 (17,2 por ciento). Resultados: el mayor porcentaje de decesos correspondió a los mayores de 60 años, en los operados inicialmente con diagnósticos de oclusión intestinal, apendicitis aguda y neoplasia de colon, que habían sido reintervenidos en tres y cuatro ocasiones. Las causas de muerte más frecuentes fueron el choque séptico y el fallo múltiple de órganos. Conclusiones: entre los principales factores asociados a la mortalidad en las reintervenciones figuran: la edad mayor de 60 años, el diagnóstico operatorio inicial de oclusión intestinal, el mayor número de reoperaciones, el choque séptico y el fallo múltiple de órganos(AU)

Introduction: resurgery is a serious problem of multifactorial origin that worries surgeons and worsens the prognosis of the surgical patients. Objective: to determine the levels of mortality according to the selected variables and their causes. Method: observational and descriptive study conducted in 110 patients admitted to the general surgery services of Saturnino Lora provincial teaching hospital in Santiago de Cuba during the 2013-2015 period. They had been reoperated on within the first 30 days after the initial surgery and 19 died (17.2 percent). Results: highest percentage of deaths occurred in over 60 years-old persons among those initially operated on for intestinal occlusion, acute appendicitis and colon neoplasia, who had been reoperated on three and four times. The most frequent causes of death were septic shock and multi-organ failure. Conclusions: among the main mortality-associated factors in resurgeries are over 60 years-old age, initial surgical diagnosis of intestinal occlusion, higher number of resurgeries, septic shock and multi-organ failure(AU)

Características de las reintervenciones en un servicio de cirugía general / Characteristics of the reinterventions in a general surgery service

Introducción: a pesar de los avances en los métodos de diagnóstico y tratamiento, la morbilidad y mortalidad debido a las reintervenciones por complicaciones posoperatorias son todavía altas. Objetivo: caracterizar a los pacientes según variables seleccionadas. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional y descriptivo de 110 pacientes admitidos en el Servicio de Cirugía General del Hospital Provincial Docente Clinicoquirúrgico Saturnino Lora Torres" de Santiago de Cuba durante el trienio 2013-2015, que fueron reintervenidos durante los primeros 30 días posteriores a la operación inicial. Resultados: predominaron los pacientes del grupo etario de 61 a 70 años, cuyas operaciones iniciales fueron urgentes, así como las reintervenciones durante los 6 días de la primera operación, sobre todo en pacientes con los diagnósticos de apendicitis aguda, litiasis vesicular y oclusión intestinal. Las reintervenciones se realizaron fundamentalmente debido a evisceración, peritonitis residual y dehiscencia de suturas, y en su mayoría fueron laparotomía y drenaje, síntesis de la pared y resección intestinal. En la serie fallecieron 19 afectados (17,2 por ciento). Conclusiones: la edad, las operaciones urgentes, el número de reintervenciones y el tiempo transcurrido desde la operación inicial hasta la reintervención, elevan la morbilidad y la mortalidad; esta última asociada al choque séptico y el fallo múltiple de órganos

Introduction: in spite of the advance in the current diagnostic and therapeutic methods, morbidity and mortality because of reinterventions due to postoperative complications are still high. Objective: to characterize the patients according to selected variables. Methods: an observational and descriptive study of 110 patients admitted to the General Surgery Service of Saturnino Lora Torres Teaching Clinical Surgical Provincial Hospital that were surgically intervened during the first 30 days after the initial operation, was carried out in Santiago de Cuba during 2013-2015. Results: the patients from 61 to 70 age group whose initial operations were urgent prevailed as well as the reinterventions during 6 days of the initial operation mainly in patients whose diagnosis were acute appendicitis, vesicular lithiasis and intestinal occlusion. The reinterventions were carried out mainly due to evisceration, sutures dehiscence and residual peritonitis. The majority of reoperations were laparotomy and drainage, wall synthesis and intestinal resection. Nineteen sick persons died to a 17.2 percent of the series. Conclusions: Age, emergency operations, number of reinterventions and the time lapsed from the initial surgery until the reintervention elevate morbidity and mortality, the latter associated to septic shock and multiorganic failure