Beneficios clínicos y funcionales de agregar teofilina a la terapia inhalatoria con broncodilatadores de acción corta en pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica / Clinical and functional benefits of adding theophylline to a standard treatment with short acting bronchodilators in patients with COPD

Background: Although theophylline is considered a third line bronchodilator drug for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), it is widely used in Chile, because it is administered orally and has a moderate cost. Aim: To evaluate if theophylline adds clinical and/or functional benefits when associated to standard recommended inhaled bronchodilator therapy. Subjects and methods: Thirty-eight stable COPD patients who accepted to participate in the study approved by the Ethics Committee of our institution were studied. Using a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study, theophylline (250 mg) or placebo was administered twice a day for 15 days in addition to inhaled salbutamol and ipratropium bromide. Prior to and at the end of the study, patients underwent: a) a spirometry to evaluate changes in dynamic pulmonary hyperinflation using slow vital capacity (SVC) and inspiratory capacity (IC), b) the 6 min walking distance (6 MWD); and c) measurement of maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures. Dyspnea and quality of life (QoL) were evaluated using appropriate questionnaires. Results: Compared to placebo, patients on theophylline showed significant increases in SVC (p=0.014), IC (p=0.002), and 6 MWD (p=0.005). They also experienced an improvement in dyspnea (p=0.042) and QoL (p=0.011). All patients improved at least one of these parameters with 53% of the patients showing an improvement in 3 or more. Conclusions: Our results indicate that adding theophylline to standard treatment with inhaled bronchodilators provides additional benefits in stable COPD patients by reducing dynamic pulmonary hyperinflation, improving exercise tolerance, dyspnea and QoL.

Influencia da associacao teofilina e beta-2-agonista por via oral, na funcao pulmonar de pacientes portadores de doenca pulmonar obstrutiva cronica / Influence of the combination of theophylline and beta 2 agonists by oral route on pulmonary function of patients with chronic obstructive lung disease

A eficacia da associacao de teofilina e agentes beta-adrenergicos na terapeutica da obstrucao bronquica e tema controverso na literatura. Com este objetivo, foram estudados nove pacientes portadores de DPOC, com idades entre 51 e 69 (media de 60,6 ñ 6,6) anos, nos quais foi comparada a funcao pulmonar com o uso de teofilina isolada ou combinada ao salbutamol, por via oral. Apos a suspensao de qualquer medicacao broncodilatadora por 24 horas foram determinados os valores basais da capacidade vital forcada (CVF) e do volume expiratorio forcado no primeiro segundo "(VEF IND. 1)". Teofilina de acao prolongada (600mg/dia) foi, entao, administrada por via oral por sete dias, seguidos de sete dias de ingestao oral na mesma dose de teofilina associada a 16mg/dia de salbutamol. Os parametros espirometricos foram analisados ao final de cada semana. A CVF basal foi de 0,85 e 2,57 (media 1,78 ñ 0,64) litros, o "VEF IND. 1" 0,70 a 164 (medida 1,15 ñ 0,30) litros e a teofinemia 0,1 a 3,1 (media 1,81 ñ 1,01) ug/ml. Ao final da primeira semana, a CVF foi de 1,38 a 3,26 (media 2,03 ñ 0,65) litros, o "VEF IND. 1" 0,85 a 1,73 (media 1,40 ñ 0,29) litros e os niveis sericos de teofilina 8,1 a 21,0 (media 13,40 ñ 4,18) ug/ml. Com a associacao teofilina e salbutamol a CVF encontra-se entre 1,24 e 2,57 (media 1,90 ñ 0,50) litros e o "VEF IND. 1" entre 0,96 e 1,90 ...