Condiciones socioeconómicas e higiénico-sanitarias como dimensiones de la seguridad alimentaria y nutricional / Socioeconomic and sanitary conditions as dimensions of food and nutrition security

ABSTRACT

The objective of this work was to know the socioeconomic and sanitary conditions of households in Chapecó (SC) as dimensions of Food and Nutrition Security. We surveyed 774 households from urban and rural areas. The majority of households heads are women (68.8%); 8.4% of the households heads are illiterate, 62.4% have primary education, 20.93% high school and 7.8% have highereducation (incomplete/full, respectively); The average family monthly income was 1.803,8 dollars. The water supply in urban area is done by the public system (84%) and in rural area comes from wells/sources (50.2%). The public sewer system exists only in urban areas (23.4%); 75.4% of the households conduct sewage for tanks in urban area and 99% in rural area. It is considered the household incomes observed facilitate the access to food; however the level of education of more than 70% of household heads is equal to or less than primary education. This may imply the lack of knowledge about hygiene care and food handling. The large number of families who conduct sewage for tanks and that use water from sources/wells for drinking water may prejudice their Food and Nutrition Security condition.

RESUMEN

El objetivo de este trabajo fue conocer las condiciones socioeconómicas, higiénico-sanitarias y el saneamiento básico de los hogares del municipio de Chapecó (SC) como dimensiones de la Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutricional. Fueron investigados 774 hogares en las zonas urbana y rural. La mayoría de los jefes de los hogares eran mujeres (68,8%). La renta media familiar mensual era 1.803,8 dólares. El sistema de alcantarillado público sólo existe en la zona urbana (23,4%). Se considera que la renta familiar observada mejora el acceso a la alimentación; Sin embargo, el nivel de educación de más de 70% de los jefes es igual o inferior a la educación primaria. Esto puede implicar la falta de cuidado con la higienización y manipulación de los alimentos. El gran número de familias que utiliza agua de fuentes/pozos para el consumo humano puede perjudicar su condición de Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutricional.