Mortalidad infantil y desigualdades sociales en Argentina, 1980-2017
Artigo
em Espanhol
| PAHOIRIS
| ID: phr-52915
Biblioteca responsável:
US1.1
[RESUMEN]. Objetivo. Estimar la tendencia de la mortalidad infantil, de la desigualdad entre jurisdicciones y de la desigualdad asociada a las condiciones sociales en Argentina entre 1980 y 2017. Métodos. Estudio ecológico y de serie temporal de la mortalidad infantil y de su desigualdad. Se obtuvieron los datos oficiales de mortalidad infantil, de nacimientos y de necesidades básicas insatisfechas; se calculó la tasa de mortalidad infantil, el índice de Gini y el índice de concentración. También se analizó la tendencia con un modelo de regresión lineal y se calculó el coeficiente de regresión y su significación estadística. Resultados. La mortalidad infantil se redujo 71,2% (de 32,41 a 9,34 por 1 000 nacidos vivos). La desigualdad por jurisdicción también se redujo y el índice de Gini pasó de 0,163 a 0,09. La desigualdad asociada a las condiciones sociales también mostró una reducción, y el índice de concentración disminuyó de -0,153 a -0,079. Si bien la mortalidad infantil se redujo en todo el período, este descenso no siempre se acompañó de una reducción del índice de Gini y del índice de concentración. Conclusiones. La tendencia de la tasa de mortalidad infantil fue al descenso mientras que la desigualdad en su distribución por jurisdicción y la desigualdad asociada a las condiciones sociales no siempre acompañaron esa reducción.
[ABSTRACT]. Objective. To estimate the trend in infant mortality, inequality between jurisdictions and inequality associated with social conditions in Argentina between 1980 and 2017. Methods. Ecological and time series study of infant mortality and its inequality. Official data on infant mortality, births and unmet basic needs were obtained; the infant mortality rate, the Gini index and the concentration index were calculated. The trend was also analyzed with a linear regression model and the regression coefficient and its statistical significance were calculated. Results. Infant mortality was reduced by 71.2% (from 32.41 to 9.34 per 1 000 live births). Inequality by jurisdiction also decreased, and the Gini index fell from 0,163 to 0,09. Inequality associated with social conditions also showed a reduction, and the concentration index was reduced from -0.153 to -0.079. Although infant mortality declined throughout the period, this decline was not always accompanied by a reduction in the Gini index and the concentration index. Conclusions. The trend in the infant mortality rate decreased while the inequality in its distribution by jurisdiction and the inequality associated with social conditions did not always accompany this reduction.
[ABSTRACT]. Objective. To estimate the trend in infant mortality, inequality between jurisdictions and inequality associated with social conditions in Argentina between 1980 and 2017. Methods. Ecological and time series study of infant mortality and its inequality. Official data on infant mortality, births and unmet basic needs were obtained; the infant mortality rate, the Gini index and the concentration index were calculated. The trend was also analyzed with a linear regression model and the regression coefficient and its statistical significance were calculated. Results. Infant mortality was reduced by 71.2% (from 32.41 to 9.34 per 1 000 live births). Inequality by jurisdiction also decreased, and the Gini index fell from 0,163 to 0,09. Inequality associated with social conditions also showed a reduction, and the concentration index was reduced from -0.153 to -0.079. Although infant mortality declined throughout the period, this decline was not always accompanied by a reduction in the Gini index and the concentration index. Conclusions. The trend in the infant mortality rate decreased while the inequality in its distribution by jurisdiction and the inequality associated with social conditions did not always accompany this reduction.
Texto completo:
Disponível
Coleções:
Bases de dados de organismos internacionais
Indicadores:
Indicadores_desigualdade_saude
/
Mortalidade
/
Socioeconômicos
Temas:
Mortalidade infantil, perinatal e materna
Base de dados:
PAHO-IRIS
Assunto principal:
Argentina
/
Fatores Socioeconômicos
/
Mortalidade Infantil
/
Saúde da Criança
/
Equidade em Saúde
/
Estudos Ecológicos
Idioma:
Espanhol
Ano de publicação:
2020
Tipo de documento:
Artigo
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