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(1) Background: Tuberculosis remains a public health problem in the world. This study evaluated the temporal trends, distribution, and spatial associations of drug-resistant tuberculosis in liberty-deprived populations in the state of Paraná, Brazil. (2) Methods: An ecological study was developed using all cases of drug-resistant tuberculosis in penal establishments reported by the Brazilian Notifiable Diseases Information System between 2008 and 2018. For the time trend, the Prais-Winsten method was used. To verify the spatial association, the Getis-Ord Gi* technique was used. (3) Results: During the study period, 653 cases of tuberculosis were reported in the studied population, of which 98 (15%) were drug-resistant. Prais-Winsten autoregression identified an increasing trend, with APC = 15.08% (95% CI: 0.02-0.09) from 2008 to 2018; when analyzed from 2012 to 2018, the trend increased even more, with APC = 23.31% (95% CI: 0.01-0.16). Hotspots were also noted in the north, east, and west macro-regions of the state. (4) Conclusions: The presence of drug-resistant tuberculosis, as well as an increasing trend of these cases, was evidenced in all regions of the state among liberty-deprived populations,. The spatial analysis revealed priority areas for drug-resistant tuberculosis in penal establishments.
RESUMO
[RESUMEN]. Objetivo. Describir la calidad de vida del personal de salud, el ambiente laboral y la interacción entre el empleado y ambiente laboral durante la pandemia. Métodos. Se realizó una revisión exploratoria. Se utilizaron las bases de datos electrónicas PubMed, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Literature Complete, Google Scholar y los repositorios de la Organización Mundial de la Salud y los Centro para el Control y Prevención de Enfermedades. Se incluyeron estudios primarios, secundarios y literatura gris publicados entre diciembre de 2019 y marzo de 2021 en idioma español, inglés y portugués. La calidad metodológica fue evaluada por la lista de verificación de Autoridad, exactitud, cobertura, objetividad, fecha e importancia (AACODS, por su sigla en inglés) A measurement tool to assess systematic reviews (AMSTAR) y Critical Appraisal Checklist for Text and Opinion Papers. Se efectuó un análisis temático basado en el modelo de calidad de vida y bienestar. Resultados. De un total de 208 artículos, se incluyeron 11. La calidad de vida del personal de salud durante pandemia por COVID-19 estuvo influenciada por las características del personal de salud, el ambiente laboral y la interacción entre el empleado y el ambiente laboral; se observaron falencias relacionadas con factores psicosociales y ocupacionales. Discusión. La calidad de vida del personal de salud estuvo caracterizada por estigmatización, estrés, ansiedad y fatiga. La gestión organizacional y la aplicación de intervenciones psicológicas evidencian un efecto en la interacción entre el empleado y el ambiente laboral, e influyen en su calidad de vida.
[ABSTRACT]. Objective. Describe the quality of life of health personnel, the work environment, and interactions between employees and their work environment during the pandemic. Methods. A scoping review was conducted. The electronic databases PubMed, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Literature Complete, and Google Scholar were used, as well as the repositories of the World Health Organization and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Primary, secondary, and grey literature studies published between December 2019 and March 2021 in Spanish, English, and Portuguese were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the Authority, Accuracy, Coverage, Objectivity, Date and Importance (AACODS) checklist; a tool for the measurement of multiple systematic reviews (AMSTAR); and the Critical Appraisal Checklist for Text and Opinion Papers. A thematic analysis was carried out based on the quality-of-life and well-being model. Results. Of a total of 208 articles, 11 were included. The quality of life of health personnel during the COVID- 19 pandemic was affected by the characteristics of health personnel, the work environment, and interactions between employees and their work environment. Problems related to psychosocial and occupational factors were observed. Discussion. The quality of life of health personnel was characterized by stigmatization, stress, anxiety, and fatigue. Organizational management and the implementation of psychological interventions appear to affect interactions between employees and their work environment, and improve their quality of life.
[RESUMO]. Objetivo. Descrever a qualidade de vida do pessoal de saúde, o ambiente de trabalho e a interação entre o funcionário e o ambiente de trabalho durante a pandemia. Métodos. Foi realizada uma revisão exploratória. Foram utilizadas as bases de dados eletrônicas PubMed, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Literature Complete, Google Scholar e os repositórios da Organização Mundial da Saúde e dos Centros de Controle e Prevenção de Doenças. Foram incluídos estudos primários, secundários e da literatura cinzenta, publicados entre dezembro de 2019 e março de 2021, em espanhol, inglês e português. A qualidade metodológica foi avaliada pelas checklists AACODS (Authority, Accuracy, Coverage, Objectivity, Date, Significance), AMSTAR (A measurement tool to assess systematic reviews) e Critical Appraisal Checklist for Text and Opinion Papers. Foi realizada uma análise temática com base no modelo de qualidade de vida e bem-estar. Resultados. De um total de 208 artigos, 11 foram incluídos. A qualidade de vida do pessoal de saúde durante a pandemia de COVID-19 foi influenciada pelas características do pessoal de saúde, do ambiente de trabalho e da interação entre o funcionário e o ambiente de trabalho. Constataram-se deficiências relacionadas a fatores psicossociais e ocupacionais. Discussão. A qualidade do pessoal de saúde foi caracterizada por estigma, estresse, ansiedade e fadiga. A gestão organizacional e a aplicação de intervenções psicológicas evidenciam um efeito na interação entre o funcionário e o ambiente de trabalho, e influenciam sua qualidade de vida.