RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Characterization of novel rodent models for prostate cancer studies requires evaluation of either spontaneous and carcinogen-induced tumors as well as tumor incidence in different prostatic lobes. We propose a new short-term rodent model of chemically induced prostate carcinogenesis in which prostate cancer progression occurs differentially in the dorsolateral and ventral lobes. METHODS: Adult gerbils were treated with MNU alone or associated with testosterone for 3 or 6 months of treatment. Tumor incidence, latency, localization, and immunohistochemistry (AR, PCNA, smooth muscle α-actin, p63, MGMT, and E-cadherin) were studied in both lobes. RESULTS: Comparisons between both lobes revealed that lesions developed first in the DL while the VL presented longer tumor latency. However, after 6 months, there was a dramatic increase in tumor multiplicity in the VL, mainly in MNU-treated groups. Lesions clearly progressed from a premalignant to a malignant phenotype over time and tumor latency was decreased by MNU + testosterone administration. Three-dimensional reconstruction of the prostatic complex showed that the DL developed tumors exclusively in the periurethral area and showed intense AR, PCNA, and MGMT immunostaining. Moreover, VL lesions emerged throughout the entire lobe. MNU-induced lesions presented markers indicative of an aggressive phenotype: lack of basal cells, rupture of the smooth muscle cell layer, loss of E-cadherin, and high MGMT staining. CONCLUSIONS: There are distinct pathways involved in tumor progression in gerbil prostate lobes. This animal provides a good model for prostate cancer since it allows the investigation of advanced steps of carcinogenesis with shorter latency periods in both lobes.
Assuntos
Alquilantes/toxicidade , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Progressão da Doença , Metilnitrosoureia/toxicidade , Neoplasias da Próstata/induzido quimicamente , Neoplasias da Próstata/patologia , Testosterona/toxicidade , Animais , Gerbillinae , Masculino , Próstata/efeitos dos fármacos , Próstata/patologia , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Fibroblast growth factors (FGF) are involved in paracrine signaling between cell types in the ovarian follicle. FGF8, for example, is secreted by oocytes and controls cumulus cell metabolism. The closely related FGF18 is also expressed in oocytes in mice. The objective of this study was to assess the potential role of FGF18 in follicle growth in a monovulatory species, the cow. Messenger RNA encoding FGF18 was detected primarily in theca cells, and in contrast to the mouse, FGF18 was not detected in bovine oocytes. Addition of FGF18 protein to granulosa cell cultures inhibited estradiol and progesterone secretion as well as the abundance of mRNA encoding steroidogenic enzymes and the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor. In vivo, onset of atresia of the subordinate follicle was associated with increased thecal FGF18 mRNA levels and FGF18 protein in follicular fluid. In vitro, FGF18 altered cell cycle progression as measured by flow cytometry, resulting in increased numbers of dead cells (sub-G1 peak) and decreased cells in S phase. This was accompanied by decreased levels of mRNA encoding the cell cycle checkpoint regulator GADD45B. Collectively, these data point to a unique role for this FGF in signaling from theca cells to granulosa cells and suggest that FGF18 influences the process of atresia in ovarian follicles.
Assuntos
Fatores de Crescimento de Fibroblastos/fisiologia , Células da Granulosa/metabolismo , Folículo Ovariano/fisiologia , Comunicação Parácrina/fisiologia , Células Tecais/metabolismo , Animais , Antígenos de Diferenciação/metabolismo , Western Blotting , Bovinos , Ciclo Celular/fisiologia , Células Cultivadas , Estradiol/metabolismo , Feminino , Citometria de Fluxo , Atresia Folicular/fisiologia , Imuno-Histoquímica , Camundongos , Folículo Ovariano/citologia , Progesterona/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Receptores do FSH/metabolismo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Técnicas de Cultura de TecidosRESUMO
This report describes a case of cutaneous pythiosis in a 6-year-old female mixed breed dog, from the central west region of São Paulo State, Brazil. The cytological and histopathological analyses showed an intense inflammatory infiltrate with presence of numerous hyphal elements, suggesting infection due to Pythium insidiosum. The diagnosis was confirmed by nested-PCR, which was carried out with specific primers derived from the ribosomal DNA region. The pathogen occurs in Brazil and veterinarians should be aware of the importance of correctly diagnosing this disease and differentiating it from other fungal diseases.
Assuntos
Infecções/veterinária , Pythium/isolamento & purificação , Dermatopatias/veterinária , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Cães , Feminino , Infecções/microbiologia , Infecções/patologia , Dermatopatias/microbiologia , Dermatopatias/patologiaRESUMO
Crotoxin (CTX), a neurotoxin isolated from the venom of the South American rattlesnake Crotalus durissus terrificus, induces analgesia. In this study, we evaluated the antinociceptive effect of CTX in a model of neuropathic pain induced by rat sciatic nerve transection. Hyperalgesia was detected 2 h after nerve transection and persisted for 64 days. Immersion of proximal and distal nerve stumps in CTX solution (0.01 mM for 10 s), immediately after nerve transection, blocked hyperalgesia. The antinociceptive effect of CTX was long-lasting, since it was detected 2 h after treatment and persisted for 64 days. CTX also delayed, but did not block, neurectomy-induced neuroma formation. The effect of CTX was blocked by zileuton (100 mg/kg, p.o.) and atropine (10 mg/kg, i.p.), and reduced by yohimbine (2 mg/kg, i.p.) and methysergide (5 mg/kg, i.p.). On the other hand, indomethacin (4 mg/kg, i.v.), naloxone (1 mg/kg, i.p.), and N-methyl atropine (30 mg/kg, i.p.) did not interfere with the effect of CTX. These results indicate that CTX induces a long-lasting antinociceptive effect in neuropathic pain, which is mediated by activation of central muscarinic receptors and partially, by activation of alpha-adrenoceptors and 5-HT receptors. Eicosanoids derived from the lipoxygenase pathway modulate the action of crotoxin.
Assuntos
Analgésicos não Narcóticos , Araquidonato 5-Lipoxigenase/fisiologia , Crotoxina/farmacologia , Dor/tratamento farmacológico , Dor/etiologia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/complicações , Receptores Muscarínicos/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/farmacologia , Araquidonato 5-Lipoxigenase/metabolismo , Creatina Quinase/sangue , Creatina Quinase/metabolismo , Eicosanoides/metabolismo , Eicosanoides/fisiologia , Hiperalgesia/tratamento farmacológico , Hiperalgesia/psicologia , Indometacina/farmacologia , Masculino , Atividade Motora/efeitos dos fármacos , Agonistas Muscarínicos/farmacologia , Antagonistas Muscarínicos/farmacologia , Naloxona/farmacologia , Antagonistas de Entorpecentes/farmacologia , Limiar da Dor/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos , Nervo Isquiático/lesões , Serotonina/fisiologiaRESUMO
Canine subcutaneous mast cell tumour (scMCT) shows less aggressive biological behaviour than cutaneous MCT. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) is expressed by neoplastic cells in canine scMCT, but the relevance of this signalling pathway for disease pathobiology is not clear. The objective of this study was to quantify VEGF-A, VEGFR2, pVEGFR2, the VEGF co-receptor Neuropilin 1 (NRP-1) and the E3 ubiquitin protein ligase c-Cbl in canine scMCT, and to evaluate their association with disease outcome. Immunohistochemical staining for biomarkers was quantified from 14 cases of canine scMCT using manual and computer-assisted methods. Kaplan-Meier curves were generated for disease-free survival (DFS) and compared using Mantel-Cox log-rank analysis. Cases with high levels of neoplastic cell VEGFR2, pVEGFR2 or c-CBL immunoreactivity had significantly reduced DFS. All cases displayed neoplastic cells positive for VEGF-A, which was significantly associated with pVEGFR2 immunoreactivity. There were also significant positive correlations between VEGFR2 and pVEGFR2, and between c-CBL and pVEGFR2 levels. This pilot study demonstrates the potential utility of these markers in a subset of scMCT in dogs.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) on affected ligaments in the hind limbs of horses with experimentally induced suspensory ligament desmitis by use of ultrasonographic, ultrastructural, and immunocytochemical techniques. ANIMALS: 10 horses. PROCEDURE: Suspensory ligament desmitis was induced in both hind limbs of each horse by use of 2 collagenase injections (administered 2 weeks apart) in each suspensory ligament. Two weeks after the second injection, the right hind limb of each horse was treated with ESWT (3 treatments at 3-week intervals); the left hind limb was not treated (control limb). Periodically during the study, the healing process was monitored ultrasonographically and the proportions of ligaments affected with lesions were assessed. Four weeks after the last ESWT treatment, biopsy specimens were collected from all ligaments for ultrastructural evaluation and immunocytochemical analysis of transforming growth factor beta-1. RESULTS: The difference in the proportion of the lesion-affected ligament between ESWT-treated and control limbs was significant (P < 0.05) from 3 weeks after the second ESWT treatment to the end of the study. Compared with control ligaments, ESWT-treated ligaments had more small, newly formed collagen fibrils and greater expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 4 weeks after the last ESWT treatment was administered. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results have indicated that ESWT appears to facilitate the healing process in horses with experimentally induced hind limb suspensory ligament desmitis.
Assuntos
Ondas de Choque de Alta Energia/uso terapêutico , Doenças dos Cavalos/tratamento farmacológico , Ligamentos/metabolismo , Ligamentos/ultraestrutura , Animais , Feminino , Membro Posterior , Doenças dos Cavalos/metabolismo , Doenças dos Cavalos/patologia , Cavalos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Inflamação/metabolismo , Inflamação/patologia , Inflamação/terapia , Inflamação/veterinária , MasculinoRESUMO
Canine soft tissue sarcomas (STS) comprise a heterogeneous group of malignancies that share similar histopathological features, a low to moderate recurrence rate and low metastatic potential. In human medicine, the expression of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) in sarcomas has been studied to search for prognostic factors and new treatment targets. Similar studies have yet to be conducted in veterinary medicine. The objective of this study was therefore to investigate by immunohistochemistry (IHC) the ER and PR expression in a series of 80 cutaneous and subcutaneous sarcomas in dogs with histopathological features of peripheral nerve sheath tumor (PNST) and perivascular wall tumor (PWT). All cases were positive for PR and negative for ER. Tumors of high malignancy grade (grade III) exhibited higher PR expression than low-grade tumors (grade I). Tumors with mitotic activity greater than 9 mitotic figures/10 high power fields also exhibited higher PR expression. In addition, there was a positive correlation between cell proliferation (Ki67) and PR expression. Therefore, it is possible that progesterone plays a greater role than estrogen in the pathogenesis of these tumors. Future studies should explore the potential for selective progesterone receptor modulators as therapeutic agents in canine STS, as well as evaluating PR expression as a predictor of prognosis.(AU)
Sarcomas de tecidos moles (STM) caninos compreendem um grupo heterogêneo de neoplasias malignas, que apresentam alterações histopatológicas similares, baixa a moderada taxa de recorrência e baixo potencial metastático. Em medicina humana, a expressão de receptor para estrógeno (RE) e receptor para progesterona (RP) nos sarcomas tem sido estudada, visando a busca por fatores prognósticos e novos alvos para tratamentos. Na medicina veterinária, ainda não foram realizados estudos similares. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar por imuno-histoquímica a expressão de RE e RP em uma série de 80 sarcomas cutâneos e subcutâneos de cães, com características histopatológicas de tumor de bainha de nervo periférico e tumor de parede perivascular. Todos os casos foram positivos para RP e negativos para RE. Tumores de alto grau de malignidade (grau III) exibiram maior expressão deste receptor que os tumores de baixo grau (grau I). Tumores com atividade mitótica maior que 9 figuras mitóticas/10 campos de grande aumento também exibiram maior expressão do RP. Em adição, houve correlação positiva entre o índice de proliferação celular (Ki67) e a expressão de RP. Assim, é possível que a progesterona desempenhe maior papel que o estrógeno na patogênese desses tumores. Futuros trabalhos poderão explorar o potencial dos moduladores seletivos de RP como agente terapêutico em STM caninos, bem como avaliar a expressão de RP como preditiva de prognóstico.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Cães , Sarcoma , Neoplasias de Tecidos Moles/veterinária , Receptores de Progesterona , Receptores de EstrogênioRESUMO
Canine soft tissue sarcomas (STS) comprise a heterogeneous group of malignancies that share similar histopathological features, a low to moderate recurrence rate and low metastatic potential. In human medicine, the expression of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) in sarcomas has been studied to search for prognostic factors and new treatment targets. Similar studies have yet to be conducted in veterinary medicine. The objective of this study was therefore to investigate by immunohistochemistry (IHC) the ER and PR expression in a series of 80 cutaneous and subcutaneous sarcomas in dogs with histopathological features of peripheral nerve sheath tumor (PNST) and perivascular wall tumor (PWT). All cases were positive for PR and negative for ER. Tumors of high malignancy grade (grade III) exhibited higher PR expression than low-grade tumors (grade I). Tumors with mitotic activity greater than 9 mitotic figures/10 high power fields also exhibited higher PR expression. In addition, there was a positive correlation between cell proliferation (Ki67) and PR expression. Therefore, it is possible that progesterone plays a greater role than estrogen in the pathogenesis of these tumors. Future studies should explore the potential for selective progesterone receptor modulators as therapeutic agents in canine STS, as well as evaluating PR expression as a predictor of prognosis.(AU)
Sarcomas de tecidos moles (STM) caninos compreendem um grupo heterogêneo de neoplasias malignas, que apresentam alterações histopatológicas similares, baixa a moderada taxa de recorrência e baixo potencial metastático. Em medicina humana, a expressão de receptor para estrógeno (RE) e receptor para progesterona (RP) nos sarcomas tem sido estudada, visando a busca por fatores prognósticos e novos alvos para tratamentos. Na medicina veterinária, ainda não foram realizados estudos similares. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar por imuno-histoquímica a expressão de RE e RP em uma série de 80 sarcomas cutâneos e subcutâneos de cães, com características histopatológicas de tumor de bainha de nervo periférico e tumor de parede perivascular. Todos os casos foram positivos para RP e negativos para RE. Tumores de alto grau de malignidade (grau III) exibiram maior expressão deste receptor que os tumores de baixo grau (grau I). Tumores com atividade mitótica maior que 9 figuras mitóticas/10 campos de grande aumento também exibiram maior expressão do RP. Em adição, houve correlação positiva entre o índice de proliferação celular (Ki67) e a expressão de RP. Assim, é possível que a progesterona desempenhe maior papel que o estrógeno na patogênese desses tumores. Futuros trabalhos poderão explorar o potencial dos moduladores seletivos de RP como agente terapêutico em STM caninos, bem como avaliar a expressão de RP como preditiva de prognóstico.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Cães , Sarcoma , Neoplasias de Tecidos Moles/veterinária , Receptores de Progesterona , Receptores de EstrogênioRESUMO
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men. The etiology of PCa in humans is multifactorial and includes age, ethnicity, environmental factors, and other unknown causes. Epidemiological and experimental evidence has shown that cadmium is associated with PCa both in humans and rodents. This metal can act as an endocrine disruptor during prostate development, and it induces prostate lesions late in life. In this study, we investigated the effects of low-dose cadmium on rat prostate morphology during puberty. Two-month-old male Wistar rats were randomized into two experimental groups: cadmium-treated and control. The ventral and dorsolateral prostates were dissected, weighed, and immunohistochemically stained with specific antibodies against Ki-67 and the androgen receptor (AR). The concentration of cadmium was measured in the blood and prostate, and testosterone concentration was measured from the plasma. Our results show that cadmium concentration was increased in both the blood and the prostate of cadmium-treated rats, but there were no changes in the prostatic weight, epithelial cell height, or testosterone levels. However, AR immunostaining and epithelial cell proliferation (Ki-67 index) were increased in both prostates with an increase in apoptosis only in the dorsal lobe. Furthermore, atypical hyperplasic proliferative lesions were found in the dorsolateral lobe after cadmium exposure. Cadmium treatment reduced collagen fiber absolute volume in both prostates. Thus, low-doses of cadmium, even for a short period of time, can interfere with prostate epithelium-stroma homeostasis, and this disruption might be an important factor in the onset of prostate lesions late in life.
Assuntos
Cádmio/toxicidade , Próstata/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Carcinógenos Ambientais/toxicidade , Disruptores Endócrinos/toxicidade , Imuno-Histoquímica , Antígeno Ki-67/análise , Masculino , Microscopia , Próstata/anatomia & histologia , Próstata/citologia , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Receptores Androgênicos/análiseRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Accurate early diagnosis of lung metastases is important for establishing therapeutic measures. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare survey thoracic radiographs and computerized tomography (CT) scans to specifically identify lung metastases in female dogs with mammary tumors. METHODS: Twenty-one female dogs, weighing 3 to 34 kg and aged from 5 years to 14 years and 10 months, with mammary tumors were studied. In all dogs before the imaging examinations, fine-needle aspiration cytology of the mammary tumors was performed to confirm the diagnosis. Three-view thoracic radiographs were accomplished: right lateral, left lateral and ventrodorsal views. Sequential transverse images of the thorax were acquired on a spiral Scanner, before and after intravenous bolus injection of nonionic iodine contrast. Soft-tissue and lung windows were applied. All the mammary tumors were surgically removed and examined histologically. RESULTS: The correlation between the cytological and histological results regarding presence of malignancy was observed in only 17 cases. In radiographic examinations, no dog displayed signs of lung metastases or thorax chest lesions. CT detected lung metastasis in two cases, while small areas of lung atelectasis located peripherally were found in 28.57% of the dogs. CONCLUSION: In this study population, spiral CT showed higher sensitivity than chest radiographies to detect lung metastasis; this indicates that CT should be performed on all female dogs with malignant mammary tumors.
Assuntos
Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Pulmonares/veterinária , Neoplasias Mamárias Animais/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/veterinária , Animais , Cães , Feminino , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Pulmonares/secundárioRESUMO
The present report describes the occurrence of skin metastasis in a dog with primary renal carcinoma. The clinical findings included progressive weight loss, inappetence, palpable abdominal mass and cutaneous tumor. The histopathological examination was carried out after unilateral nephrectomy and was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. The immunohistochemical and histopathological findings characterized this case as renal cell carcinoma with skin metastasis.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Carcinoma de Células Renais/diagnóstico , Cães , Metástase Neoplásica/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
O presente trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar os sinais clínicos, as concentrações do sulfeto de hidrogênio ruminal e as alterações anatomopatológicas associadas à intoxicação experimental por enxofre em bovinos. Foram utilizados dez bezerros mestiços leiteiros, sendo que quatro bovinos ingeriram ração sem sulfato de sódio (G1) e seis consumiram ração com sulfato de sódio (G2). Exames clínicos (temperatura retal, frequência cardíaca e respiratória e motricidade ruminal) e laboratoriais (hemograma, fibrinogênio, proteína plasmática, pH do fluido ruminal, concentração do sulfeto de hidrogênio ruminal, líquido cerebrospinal e histopatológico) foram realizados. A temperatura retal, frequência cardíaca, hemograma, fibrinogênio, proteína plasmática, pH do fluido ruminal e os valores do líquido cerebrospinal estavam dentro dos valores de referência para a espécie. Taquipnéia, hipomotricidade ruminal e elevados valores de sulfeto de hidrogênio ruminal foram observados nos bezerros do grupo G2. Um bezerro do grupo G2 apresentou sinais neurológicos e lesões histopatológicas de PEM. Dois animais de cada grupo foram eutanasiados. Lesões microscópicas foram observadas nos bezerros do G2. Histologicamente as alterações observadas foram necrose neuronal cortical e lesões hemorrágicas nos núcleos basais, tálamo, mesencéfalo, ponte e bulbo. O protocolo experimental constituído por uma dieta rica em carboidrato de alta fermentação, baixa quantidade de fibra efetiva e altos níveis de enxofre (0,52%) ocasionou alterações clinicas e histológicas e elevadas concentrações de sulfeto de hidrogênio ruminal compatíveis com quadro de intoxicação por enxofre.
The aims of this study were to evaluate the clinical signs, the ruminal hydrogen sulfide concentration and the histological lesions induced by sulfur toxicosis in cattle. Ten crossbred calves were fed an experimental diet, four without sodium sulfate (G1) and six with (G2). The calves were submitted to clinical (rectal temperature, cardiac and respiratory rate and ruminal motricity) and laboratorial (hemogram, fibrinogen, total plasma protein, ruminal fluid pH, ruminal hydrogen sulfide concentration, cerebrospinal fluid and histopathological) evaluations. Rectal temperature, cardiac rate, hemogram, fibrinogen, total plasma protein, ruminal fluid pH and cerebrospinal fluid values were within normal reference ranges in animals from both groups. Ruminal hypomotricity and increased respiratory rate and ruminal hydrogen sulfide concentration occurred in G2 animals. One out of six calves in G2 developed neurological signs and lesions of PEM. Two calves of each Group were euthanized. Microscopic lesions of PEM were observed in G2 animals. Histologically there were cortical neuronal necrosis and hemorrhagic lesions in basal nuclei, thalamus, midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata. The experimental model consisting of a diet with high carbohydrate and low in long fiber content with high sulfur concentrations (0.52%) resulted in clinical and histological abnormalities and high ruminal hydrogen sulfide concentration consistent with sulpur toxicosis in cattle.
Assuntos
Animais , Bovinos/classificação , Transtornos Heredodegenerativos do Sistema Nervoso/veterinária , Intoxicação/veterinária , Enxofre/toxicidade , Necrose/complicaçõesRESUMO
Myxomatous mitral valve degeneration (MMVD) or endocardiosis is a heart valve disease that occurs in many mammalian species, especially in humans, dogs and pigs. Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in the MMVD development. NO can be indirectly evaluated by the nitric-oxide synthase (NOS) expression and by the histochemical reaction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase (NADPH-d). The aim of this study was to evaluate NOS activity, by NADPH-d reaction, in the anterior leaflet of dogs with regular mitral valves and in those with MMVD, as well as in young swine and old females, comparing the reaction level with the degree of endocardiosis disease and also the histological alterations. Twelve mitral valves of dogs and 22 of swine were used for the research. All the valves were macroscopically analyzed for the occurrence or not of endocardiosis. They were fixed in a 4% paraformaldehyde, exposed to NADPH-d reaction, routinely processed and microscopically evaluated for the detection of mucopolysaccharides (MPS) deposition, collagen degeneration, fibrosis and level of endocardiosis. In dogs, relation was observed between higher intensity of the NADPH-d reaction, higher endocardiosis degree, MPS deposition as well as the collagen degeneration. No alteration in color was observed in pigs´ valves during NADPH-d reaction. In conclusion, NO works in canine mitral valve remodeling extracellular matrix and plays an important role in endocardiosis disease. In swine, the lack of reaction reinforces the absence of macroscopical endocardiosis lesions, suggesting restrict NO action or major differences in the structures of swine valves.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Suínos , Cães , Valvopatia Aórtica/patologia , Óxido Nítrico/análise , Matriz Extracelular/fisiologiaRESUMO
The purpose of this paper is to establish criteria that could guide the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of canine mammary neoplasias. It was elaborated during the Mammary Pathology Meeting: Diagnosis, Prognosis and Treatment of the Canine Mammary Neoplasm, held on November 6th and 7th, 2010 in Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil, sponsored by the Laboratory of Comparative Pathology UFMG, with the support of the Brazilian Association of Veterinary Pathology (ABPV) and Brazilian Association of Veterinary Oncology (ABROVET). Academics from several regions of Brazil were present and contributed to this work.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Neoplasias Mamárias Animais/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Mamárias Animais/terapia , Cães , PrognósticoRESUMO
Thirty fine-needle biopsy (FNB) samples from 28 dogs subjected to surgical resection of cutaneous mast cell tumors (MCTs) were stained with Giemsa. At least 100 neoplastic cells from each cytology slide were evaluated by morphometric analysis. The parameters were: area, perimeter of the cell, cytoplasm, nucleus and circumference factor.MCTs of grade III had a mean cellular area of 231.70 µm2 ± 57.1, and grade II had a mean of 252.30 µm2 ± 55.0.Cellular perimeter was 61.20 ± 7.1 in grade II and 59.1 ± 8.6 in grade III. Cellular parameters were not statistically different between grades (p> .05). Mean nuclear area was 88.90 µm2 ± 19 in grade III and 72.30 µm2 ± 13.9 in grade II, with statistical difference between grades (P = .011). Mean nuclear perimeter was 32.40 µm ± 3.0 in grade II and 35.70 µm ± 4.0 in grade III, with statistical difference between grades (P = .018). Mean nuclear circumference factor was 1.0 ± 0.33 in grade II and 1.1 ± 0.28 in grade III, with no statistical difference between grades (P = 0.78). Nuclear-tocytoplasmic ratio in grade II was 0.29 ± .07 and 0.39 ± .08 in grade III, with statistical difference (P = .02). The number of binucleated and multinucleated cells and mitotic figures was significantly increased in grade III MCTs (P < .001). In conclusion, the number of mitotic figures, presence of binucleation and multinucleation, and nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio can help to guide a profile of MCT aggressiveness in cytologic preparations.
Assuntos
Animais , Corantes Azur , Mastocitose Cutânea/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/veterinária , Técnicas Citológicas/métodos , Técnicas Citológicas/veterináriaRESUMO
Thirty fine-needle biopsy (FNB) samples from 28 dogs subjected to surgical resection of cutaneous mast cell tumors (MCTs) were stained with Giemsa. At least 100 neoplastic cells from each cytology slide were evaluated by morphometric analysis. The parameters were: area, perimeter of the cell, cytoplasm, nucleus and circumference factor.MCTs of grade III had a mean cellular area of 231.70 µm2 ± 57.1, and grade II had a mean of 252.30 µm2 ± 55.0.Cellular perimeter was 61.20 ± 7.1 in grade II and 59.1 ± 8.6 in grade III. Cellular parameters were not statistically different between grades (p> .05). Mean nuclear area was 88.90 µm2 ± 19 in grade III and 72.30 µm2 ± 13.9 in grade II, with statistical difference between grades (P = .011). Mean nuclear perimeter was 32.40 µm ± 3.0 in grade II and 35.70 µm ± 4.0 in grade III, with statistical difference between grades (P = .018). Mean nuclear circumference factor was 1.0 ± 0.33 in grade II and 1.1 ± 0.28 in grade III, with no statistical difference between grades (P = 0.78). Nuclear-tocytoplasmic ratio in grade II was 0.29 ± .07 and 0.39 ± .08 in grade III, with statistical difference (P = .02). The number of binucleated and multinucleated cells and mitotic figures was significantly increased in grade III MCTs (P < .001). In conclusion, the number of mitotic figures, presence of binucleation and multinucleation, and nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio can help to guide a profile of MCT aggressiveness in cytologic preparations.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Neoplasias Cutâneas/veterinária , Mastocitose Cutânea/diagnóstico , Corantes Azur , Técnicas Citológicas/métodos , Técnicas Citológicas/veterináriaRESUMO
Nodular fasciitis is a benign soft tissue lesion commonly diagnosed in human beings, but with rare description in dogs and cats. A female, spayed, 7.5 years old, otherwise healthy Labrador was examined because of a nodular growth of rapid development in the infraorbital region. The histopathological examination from the excisional biopsy revealed a well circumscribed proliferation of plump and moderately pleomorphic fibroblasts and vascular proliferation with a small central area of degeneration. Nodular fasciitis was diagnosed and several months pos surgical excision, no recurrence was observed. This report illustrates an histologically well circumscribed lesion of cutaneous nodular fasciitis in a dog, similar to some lesions human beings and different from what is usually reported in veterinary patients.
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Cães , Vimentina/análise , Fasciite/veterinária , Proteína Glial Fibrilar Ácida/administração & dosagem , Queratinas/análiseRESUMO
Inflammatory mammary carcinoma (IMC) is a unique form of mammary cancer that affects women and female dogs. Hallmarks of IMC include clinical signs of inflammed affected glands and invasion of dermal lymphatics by tumor cells. Due to locally aggressive behavior and high metastatic rate, prognosis is considered poor. No satisfactory treatment has been suggested in veterinary medicine. The goal of this study was to evaluate the immunoreactivity for estrogen and progesterone receptors and cell proliferative indexes in nine cases of canine IMC. Estrogen and progesterone receptors were negative in all cases. For cell proliferative indexes, the mean number of neoplastic cells staining positive for Ki-67 and PCNA were 4.47% and 20.81%, respectively. Lack of estrogen and progesterone receptor expression, suggesting an undifferentiated phenotype, in conjunction with a relatively high proliferative capacity reflected by Ki-67 and PCNA staining are features typical of many clinically aggressive neoplasms, including canine IMC.
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Cães , Receptores de Progesterona/análise , Receptores de Estrogênio/análise , Antígeno Nuclear de Célula em Proliferação/análise , Antígeno Ki-67/análise , Neoplasias Inflamatórias Mamárias/veterinária , Imuno-Histoquímica/veterináriaRESUMO
Placa aural é uma variante da papilomatose eqüina. Foram examinados 306 eqüinos da raça Mangalarga e 275 da raça Quarto de Milha, com o objetivo de comparar a ocorrência da placa aural entre os animais destas raças, e caracterizar os achados clínicos e histopatológicos desta enfermidade. A ocorrência da placa aural foi 57 por cento nos eqüinos da raça Mangalarga e 35 por cento nos eqüinos da raça Quarto de Milha. Clinicamente as lesões consistiram de placas aplainadas, descamativas e hipocrômicas, formadas com freqüência pela coalescência de pequenas pápulas. Os principais achados histopatológicos foram hiperplasia epidérmica e hipomelanose levando à alteração abrupta entre o epitélio normal e o epitélio acometido pela placa aural.(AU)
Aural plaque is a variant of equine papillomatosis. Clinical examination was performed on 306 Mangalarga and 275 Quarter Horses to compare the occurrence of aural plaques among animals and to characterize clinical and histological findings for the disease. Aural plaques occurred in 57 percent of Mangalarga and in 35 percent of Quarter breeds. Clinically the lesions consisted of flat, desquamated and hypochromic plaques formed by coalescence of small papules. The main histopathological findings were epidermal hyperplasia and hypomelanosis with abrupt change between the normal and the affected epithelium.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Infecções por Papillomavirus/patologia , Infecções por Papillomavirus/veterinária , Papiloma/classificação , Papiloma/patologia , Evolução Clínica , Cavalos/anatomia & histologiaRESUMO
Placa aural é uma variante da papilomatose eqüina. Foram examinados 306 eqüinos da raça Mangalarga e 275 da raça Quarto de Milha, com o objetivo de comparar a ocorrência da placa aural entre os animais destas raças, e caracterizar os achados clínicos e histopatológicos desta enfermidade. A ocorrência da placa aural foi 57 por cento nos eqüinos da raça Mangalarga e 35 por cento nos eqüinos da raça Quarto de Milha. Clinicamente as lesões consistiram de placas aplainadas, descamativas e hipocrômicas, formadas com freqüência pela coalescência de pequenas pápulas. Os principais achados histopatológicos foram hiperplasia epidérmica e hipomelanose levando à alteração abrupta entre o epitélio normal e o epitélio acometido pela placa aural.
Aural plaque is a variant of equine papillomatosis. Clinical examination was performed on 306 Mangalarga and 275 Quarter Horses to compare the occurrence of aural plaques among animals and to characterize clinical and histological findings for the disease. Aural plaques occurred in 57 percent of Mangalarga and in 35 percent of Quarter breeds. Clinically the lesions consisted of flat, desquamated and hypochromic plaques formed by coalescence of small papules. The main histopathological findings were epidermal hyperplasia and hypomelanosis with abrupt change between the normal and the affected epithelium.