Prevalence and simultaneity of cardiovascular risk factors in elderly participants of a population-based study in southern Brazil. / Prevalência e simultaneidade de fatores de risco cardiovasculares em idosos participantes de um estudo de base populacional no sul do Brasil.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of simultaneity of cardiovascular risk factors and their association with socio-demographic characteristics in older adults in Southern Brazil. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with 1.553 elderly participants of the EpiFloripa study in Florianópolis-SC. The risk factors evaluated were: Inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption, insufficient leisure-time physical activity, alcohol consumption and smoking. The construction of the outcome was performed by combining all of the factors mentioned and then categorized. Bivariate and multivariate analyzes were performed using the Poisson regression. RESULTS: It was found that 57.6% of the elderly coexist with the simultaneity of cardiovascular risk factors. The combination of inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption and insufficient leisure-time physical activity was the most prevalent. The highest prevalence observed in women and men was the insufficient leisure-time physical activity and inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption of 46.4 and 28.1%, respectively. The observed prevalence of the four factors was higher among men (2.5%), whereas for women (0.3%). Men were 11.0% more likely to accumulate risk factors compared to women. And each additional year of schooling represents 4.0% less probability of accumulating cardiovascular risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: The differences between the simultaneity of risk factors and sociodemographic aspects should be considered in the approach for older adults, both at the individual level and in the construction of public policies.

OBJETIVO: Investigar a prevalência da simultaneidade de fatores de risco cardiovasculares e sua associação com características sociodemográficas em idosos no sul do Brasil. METODOLOGIA: Estudo transversal com 1.553 idosos participantes do Estudo Epidemiológico das Condições de Saúde dos Idosos de Florianópolis (EpiFloripa Idoso), Santa Catarina. Os fatores de risco foram: insuficiência no consumo de frutas, legumes e vegetais (FLV), insuficiência de atividade física no lazer, consumo abusivo de álcool e tabagismo. Construiu-se a variável desfecho através da combinação de todos os fatores, categorizada em nenhum, um, dois, três e quatro fatores de risco. Foram realizadas análises bivariadas e multivariadas empregando-se a regressão de Poisson. RESULTADOS: Constatou-se que 57,6% dos idosos convivem com a simultaneidade de fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares. A maior prevalência observada tanto nas mulheres quanto nos homens foi da insuficiência de atividade física com a insuficiência no consumo de FLV, sendo de 46,4 e 28,1%, respectivamente. A prevalência observada dos quatro fatores simultâneos foi maior entre os homens (2,5%) em comparação às mulheres (0,3%). O sexo masculino apresentou 11,0% mais probabilidade de acumular fatores de risco comparado ao sexo feminino. E cada ano a mais de escolaridade representa 4,0% a menos de probabilidade de acumular fatores de risco cardiovasculares. CONCLUSÕES: As diferenças entre a simultaneidade de fatores de risco e aspectos sociodemográficos devem ser consideradas na abordagem do idoso tanto em nível individual quanto na construção de políticas públicas.

Incidence and prevalence of diabetes self-reported on elderly in south of Brazil: results of EpiFloripa Ageing Study.

This study investigated the prevalence and incidence of diabetes self-referred in the elderly. Longitudinal population-based study (EpiFloripa Ageing Study), with 1.702 elderly in 2009/10 and 1.197 in 2013/14 of Florianópolis, SC. Self-reported and anthropometric data were collected at home. The prevalence of diabetes self-referred in 2009/10 was 22.1% (95%CI 20.1-24.1). The characteristics were: no formal schooling (2.30; CI95% 1.32-4.00); 5 to 8 years of schooling (OR = 1.70, CI95% 1.07-2.69); increased waist circumference (OR = 3.31, CI95% 2.05-5.34) and hypertension (OR = 2.38, CI95%: 1.68-3.36). The incidence of diabetes self-reported after four years of follow-up was 8.3% (95% CI, 6.7-10.3). After adjustment: increased waist circumference (OR= 2.23, CI95% 1.09-4.57) at baseline was associated with the incidence of diabetes. The prevalence and incidence of diabetes were high among the elderly. Interventions must be performed especially with elderly with low and without formal schooling, with increased waist circumference and hypertension, thus they were the subgroups with higher odds ratio of reporting and developing diabetes.

Association between chronic diseases and handgrip strength in older adults residents of Florianópolis - SC, Brazil. / Associação entre doenças crônicas e força de preensão manual de idosos residentes em Florianópolis ­ SC, Brasil.

This paper aims to verify the association between chronic diseases and handgrip strength (HS) in the older adults of Florianópolis, SC. This is a cross-sectional analysis of a longitudinal population-based study. HS was measured by dynamometer. Independent variables included 10 chronic diseases and falls. Simple and multiple linear regression analyses were performed. In the final model, in women, arthritis/rheumatism/arthrosis (ß: -1.27; 95%CI: -2.55; -0.20) was associated with lower HS and bronchitis/ asthma (ß: 1.61, 95%CI: 0.21; 3.00) was associated with higher HS. Regarding men, in the final model, diabetes (ß:-3.78; 95%CI: -6.51; -1.05) was associated with lower HS. The trend analysis evidenced a lower HS with increased number of chronic diseases in both genders. There was an association between some chronic diseases and HS, with differences between genders. it is essential to overhaul health policies aimed at maintaining the independence and autonomy of the older adults population.

O objetivo deste artigo é verificar a associação entre doenças crônicas e força de preensão manual (FPM) em idosos de Florianópolis, SC. Análise transversal de um estudo longitudinal de base populacional, com 599 idosos avaliados. A FPM foi verificada por meio de dinamômetro. As variáveis independentes incluíram 10 doenças crônicas e quedas. Foram realizadas análises de regressão linear simples e múltipla. No modelo final, a artrite/reumatismo/artrose (ß:-1,27; IC95%: -2,55;-0,20) foi associada à menor FPM, enquanto a bronquite/ asma (ß:1,61; IC95%:0,21;3,00) foi associada à maior FPM, nas mulheres. Para os homens, no modelo final, diabetes (ß:-3,78; IC95%:-6,51;-1,05) mostrou associação com a menor FPM. Na análise de tendência, houve declínio da FPM com o aumento do número de doenças crônicas para ambos os sexos. Houve associação entre algumas doenças crônicas e a FPM, com diferenças entre os sexos. Torna-se imprescindível a reformulação de políticas de saúde direcionadas à manutenção da independência e autonomia da população idosa.

Sociodemographic, behavioral, and health factors associated with positive self-perceived health of long-lived elderly residents in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. / Fatores sociodemográficos, comportamentais e de saúde associados à autopercepção de saúde positiva de idosos longevos residentes em Florianópolis, Santa Catarina.

The objective of this study was to identify the factors associated with positive self-perceived health of long-lived elderly (80+) individuals. This cross-sectional study was conducted in the city of Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil, and included 239 elderly participants from the EpiFloripa Ageing Project. We used collection instruments to verify sociodemographic and economic data, self-reported health status, falls, and lifestyle. Then, we identified factors associated with positive self-perceived health using a Poisson regression adjusted for sex. We found that a positive self-reported health status was more prevalent among the long-lived elderly who were not depressed (PR = 0.49), and among those who consumed alcohol (PR = 1.99). Understanding which variables may interfere in the self-perceived health of the long-lived elderly can result in better health options for this population, mainly, new methods to prevent depression. Additionally, this information can help reduce costs associated with hospitalizations, medications and health treatments, all of which are very common among the long-lived elderly.

Life and health conditions among elderly: results of the EpiFloripa Idoso cohort study. / Condições de vida e saúde de idosos: resultados do estudo de coorte EpiFloripa Idoso.

OBJECTIVE: to identify sociodemographic, behavioral and health changes in a follow-up of participants in the health survey EpiFloripa Idoso. METHODS: this is a population-based longitudinal study with elderly individuals in Florianópolis-SC, Brazil. RESULTS: 1,702 elderly individuals were interviewed in 2009-2010 and 1,197 in 2013-2014 (response rate: 89.1% and 70.2%, respectively); among followed-up individuals, most of them remained with a partner (53.4%), living with other people (76.0%), not working (78.0%), with positive health perception (44.0%), not using the Internet (67.5%), not smoking (57.5%), not consuming alcohol (53.3%), not physically active (56.3%), consuming <5 servings of fruits/vegetables (57.3%), independent (60.5%), overweight (47.0%), with negative screening for cognitive impairment (69.4%), with no depressive symptoms (72.0%) and not having suffered falls (60.6%). CONCLUSION: most elderly did not show significant changes in their sociodemographic, behavioral and health characteristics; the need to rethink more effective actions to improve the elderly health stands out.

EpiFloripa Aging cohort study: methods, operational aspects, and follow-up strategies.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the sample plan, operational aspects, and strategies used in the 2009/2010 and 2013/2014 EpiFloripa Aging Study. METHODS: The EpiFloripa Aging is a population-based longitudinal study with 1,705 older adults (60 years or more) living in the municipality of Florianópolis, State of Santa Catarina, Brazil, in 2009/2010 (baseline). The research was conducted with a face-to-face interviews, organized into blocks of identification, socioeconomic, mental health, health and life habits, global functionality, falls, physical activity, morbidities, use of health services, use of medications, food, oral health, and violence, evaluated in the first (2009/2010) and in the second wave (2013/2014). Additionally, in the second wave, we investigated the issue of discrimination and quality of life. RESULTS: The response rate of the first wave was 89.2% (n = 1,705). The baseline sample, with predominance of women (63.9%), was similar to the 2010 Census regarding age for women and slightly different for younger men. In the second wave, 1,197 participants were interviewed (response rate of 70.3%). Follow-up losses were only observed for the variable age group (p = 0.003), and predominantly for those aged 80 years or more. Mortality data linkage and active search for participants were used as a follow-up strategies. CONCLUSIONS: This study used strategies that were able to help locate the participants and maintain adherence, which ensured a good response rate during investigations.

Prevalence of chronic pain and its association with the sociodemographic situation and physical activity in leisure of elderly in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina: population-based study.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of chronic pain and its association with socioeconomic and demographic status, and leisure physical activity in the elderly population. METHODS: This study is part of an epidemiological cross-sectional population-based household survey called EpiFloripa Elderly 2009-2010, which was conducted with 1,705 elderly individuals (≥ 60 years) residents of Florianópolis, Santa Catarina. From the positive response to chronic pain, the associations with the variables were investigated through a structured interview. Descriptive statistics were conducted, including ratio calculation and 95% confidence intervals. In crude and adjusted analysis, Poisson regression was utilized, estimating prevalence ratios, with 95% confidence intervals and ≤ 0.05 p-values. RESULTS: Among the subjects, 29.3% (IC95% 26.5 - 32.2) reported chronic pain. Adjusted analysis showed that being female, having less years of schooling, and being in worse economic situation were significantly associated with a higher prevalence of chronic pain. Being physically active during leisure time was significantly associated with lower prevalence of the outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Therefore, it is clear that chronic pain affects a considerable amount of elderly individuals. Social inequalities are a harmful influence in these individuals' quality of life, inasmuch as those inequalities increase the frequency with which chronic pain afflicts them. At the same time, physical activity during leisure time decreases chronic pain frequency. It is fundamental that public health policies subsidize multidisciplinary pain management programs, which should include health targeted physical activity for the elderly, thus preventing the decrease in quality of life that chronic pain brings to this population.

Demographic, health conditions, and lifestyle factors associated with urinary incontinence in elderly from Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with urinary incontinence in the elderly population of Florianópolis, in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil. METHODS: We used data from EpiFloripa Idoso 2009/2010 survey, a cross-sectional population-based study including 1,705 elderly of both the sexes. Poisson's regression (crude and adjusted analysis) was applied to verify the association between the urinary incontinence outcome and exploratory variables (sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health conditions). RESULTS: Among the elderly, 29.4% reported urinary incontinence; 36.3% were women and 17.0% men. The factors associated with greater prevalence of urinary incontinence were being female, aged more than 70 years old, having 0 to 4 schooling years, being insufficiently active, having bronchitis or asthma, stroke or cerebral ischemia, presenting mild or moderate/severe dependence, and polypharmacy. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of urinary incontinence was high among the investigated elderly. Sociodemographic variables and those related to lifestyle and health conditions were associated with higher prevalence of urinary incontinence. Knowledge of the factors associated with urinary incontinence in aged individuals can guide actions to reduce and prevent this important issue, which affects the elderly.

Positive self-rated health in the elderly: a population-based study in the South of Brazil.

The objective was to identify factors associated with positive self-rated health in the elderly in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State, in the South of Brazil. This population-based cross-sectional study evaluated 1,705 elderly. Self-rated health was classified as positive (very good or good) or negative (fair, poor, and very poor). Crude and adjusted Poisson regression was used to identify associated factors. Prevalence of positive self-rated health was 51.2%, associated with male gender (PR = 1.13), more than 5 years of schooling, moderate (PR = 1.33) or high alcohol intake (PR = 1.37), leisure-time activity (PR = 1.20), Internet use (PR = 1.21), fewer diseases, mild/moderate dependence (PR = 2.20) or no dependence (PR = 2.67), no falls (PR = 1.19), and non-use of polypharmacy (PR = 1.27). Several modifiable factors were identified that can affect positive self-rated health in the elderly and contribute to the development of strategies to improve their quality of life.

Internação por queda em idosos residentes em Florianópolis, em Santa Catarina e no Brasil: tendência temporal 2006-2014 / Hospitalizations due to accidental falls in elderly living in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, and Brazil: time trends 2006-2014

Resumo Introdução A queda pode causar graves problemas para os indivíduos, incluindo redução das atividades de vida diária e aumento do medo de andar e de sofrer outra queda, o que pode levar à hospitalização. Objetivo Analisar a tendência temporal de internações por quedas em idosos em Florianópolis, em Santa Catarina e no Brasil, no período de 2006 a 2014. Método Estudo de série temporal, com registros de internações por queda, oriundos do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde, em idosos residentes em Florianópolis, em Santa Catarina e no Brasil. Foi utilizado o programa Joinpoint para análise das tendências. Resultados Foram registradas 703.791 internações por quedas no Brasil, das quais 5% ocorreram em Santa Catarina e 0,3%, em Florianópolis. Houve tendência crescente no Brasil, de 2008 a 2014, e em Santa Catarina, de 2006 a 2014. Em Florianópolis, ocorreu aumento nas taxas, porém não significativo. Quando analisados os grupos etários, os idosos de 60 a 69 anos foram os que apresentaram as maiores taxas de internação. Conclusão Foi constatada tendência crescente de internação por quedas em idosos em Santa Catarina (2006-2014) e no Brasil (2008-2014). Idosos de 60 a 69 anos apresentaram as maiores taxas nos três territórios.

Abstract Background The fall can cause serious problems for individuals, including reduced activities of daily living, increased fear of walking, and suffering another fall, which can have an impact on hospitalization. Objective To analyze the temporal trend of hospitalizations due to falls in the elderly, in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, and Brazil, from 2006 to 2014. Method This is a time-series study with records of hospitalizations from the Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System, due to falls in the elderly of Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, and Brazil. Joinpoint program was used to analyze trends. Results A total of 703,791 hospitalizations were due to falls in Brazil, of which 5.0% occurred in Santa Catarina and 0.3% in Florianópolis. There was a growing trend in Brazil, from 2008 to 2014, and in Santa Catarina, from 2006 to 2014. In Florianópolis, there was an increase in rates, however, it was not significant. When the age groups were analyzed, the group from 60 to 69 years old was the one with the highest admission rates. Conclusion There was a growing trend of hospitalization for falls in the elderly in Santa Catarina (2006-2014) and Brazil (2008-2014). People aged 60 to 69 years old had the highest rates in the three territories.

Relationship between body composition and physical capacities in junior soccer players / Relação entre a composição corporal e as capacidades físicas em jogadores de futebol de categorias de base

Abstract The number of studies related to soccer has been growing exponentially in the last years because the modality is considered the most popular in the world. It is known that the development of some specific physical capacities, even in young individuals, is essential to high-level performance and these capacities might be related to anthropometrics variables. The purpose of this study was to verify the relationship between body composition and physical capacities in young soccer players. Study participants were athletes from junior categories (under-12 and under-13) belonging to the Soccer Association of Chapecó, Brazil.. Athletes were submitted to agility, (Illinois), vertical jump (Sargent Jump), aerobic condition (TCAR), flexibility and sit-and-reach (Wells Bench) tests, as well as anthropometric assessment. All procedures were performed at UNOESC campus, Chapecó. Statistical analysis consisted of the Spearman's Rô test, measuring the correlation among variables, additionally, significance level of p<0.05 was adopted. Results showed significantly correlation in agility (p=0.000; ρ=0.530) and vertical jump tests (p=0.003; ρ=-0.437) with body fat percentage. It was concluded that there is relationship between body fat percentage and agility and explosive power of lower limbs.

Resumo O número de estudos relacionados ao futebol vem crescendo exponencialmente nos últimos anos, visto que a modalidade é considerada a mais popular do mundo. Sabe-se que o desenvolvimento de algumas capacidades físicas, ainda que em jovens, são imprescindíveis para a prática em alto nível e que estas podem estar relacionadas com variáveis antropométricas. Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar a relação entre a composição corporal e as capacidades físicas em jogadores de futebol de categorias de base. Os participantes foram atletas das categorias de base sub12 e sub13 da Associação Chapecoense de Futebol. Estes foram submetidos a testes físicos de agilidade (Illinois), impulsão vertical (Sargent Jump), aptidão aeróbia (TCAR), teste de flexibilidade de sentar e alcançar (Banco de Wells) e avaliação antropométrica. Todos os procedimentos foram realizados no Campus da UNOESC- Chapecó. A análise de dados baseou-se no teste de Rô de Spearman para a correlação entre as variáveis, adotando nível de significância p<0,05. Os resultados demonstraram correlação significativa nos testes físicos de agilidade (p=0,000; ρ= 0,530) e impulsão vertical (p=0,003; ρ= -0,437) com o percentual de gordura. Conclui-se que existe uma relação entre percentual de gordura corporal sobre as capacidades físicas agilidade e força explosiva de membros inferiores.

Socioeconomic profile of the elderly in Florianópolis: comparative analysis studies Perfil do Idoso 2002 and EpiFloripa Idoso 2009.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to compare the socioeconomic profile of the population aged 60 or older living in Florianópolis in 2002 and 2009. METHODS: Data were obtained through the studies Perfil do Idoso 2002 and EpiFloripa Idoso 2009 based on household surveys. RESULTS: There was a predominance of aged 60 to 69 years old, married and living with spouse and children. There was a significant improvement in the level of education and, on the economic aspects, retirement remains the main source of income, increasing the number of families receiving no more than three minimum wages and reducing those with monthly income above 10 minimum wages. The number of older adults who considers their current financial situation better than age 50 increased as the proportion of subjects with fair/poor self-perception health. It was also highlighted greater purchasing private health insurance. CONCLUSION: Comparison of the two studies presented here can support the actions of managers in order to bring effective results to the population.

Incidence and prevalence of diabetes self-reported on elderly in south of Brazil: results of EpiFloripa Ageing Study / Incidência e prevalência de diabetes autorreferido em idosos do sul do Brasil: resultados do estudo EpiFloripa Idoso

Abstract This study investigated the prevalence and incidence of diabetes self-referred in the elderly. Longitudinal population-based study (EpiFloripa Ageing Study), with 1.702 elderly in 2009/10 and 1.197 in 2013/14 of Florianópolis, SC. Self-reported and anthropometric data were collected at home. The prevalence of diabetes self-referred in 2009/10 was 22.1% (95%CI 20.1-24.1). The characteristics were: no formal schooling (2.30; CI95% 1.32-4.00); 5 to 8 years of schooling (OR = 1.70, CI95% 1.07-2.69); increased waist circumference (OR = 3.31, CI95% 2.05-5.34) and hypertension (OR = 2.38, CI95%: 1.68-3.36). The incidence of diabetes self-reported after four years of follow-up was 8.3% (95% CI, 6.7-10.3). After adjustment: increased waist circumference (OR= 2.23, CI95% 1.09-4.57) at baseline was associated with the incidence of diabetes. The prevalence and incidence of diabetes were high among the elderly. Interventions must be performed especially with elderly with low and without formal schooling, with increased waist circumference and hypertension, thus they were the subgroups with higher odds ratio of reporting and developing diabetes.

Resumo Este estudo investigou a prevalência e a incidência de diabetes autorreferido em idosos. Estudo longitudinal de base populacional (Estudo EpiFloripa Idoso), com 1.702 idosos em 2009/10 e 1197 em 2013/14, de Florianópolis, SC. Os dados autorrelatados e antropométricos foram coletados no domicílio. A prevalência de diabetes em 2009/10 foi de 22,1% (IC 95%: 20,1-24,1). As características associadas com a prevalência de diabetes foram: não possuir escolaridade formal (OR = 2,30; IC95% 1,32-4,00); ter 5 a 8 anos de estudo (OR = 1,70, IC95% 1,07-2,69); circunferência da cintura aumentada (OR = 3,31, IC95% 2,05-5,34) e hipertensão (OR = 2,38, IC95%: 1,68-3,36). A incidência de diabetes autorreferida após quatro anos de acompanhamento foi de 8,3% (IC95% 6,7-10,3), e apresentar circunferência da cintura aumentada (OR = 2,23, IC95% 1,09-4,57) na linha de base foi associado à incidência de diabetes. A prevalência e incidência de diabetes foram elevadas entre os idosos. Intervenções devem ser realizadas especialmente com idosos de baixa ou sem escolaridade formal, com maior circunferência da cintura e hipertensão, pois foram os subgrupos com maiores chances de relatar e desenvolver diabetes.

Estudo Longitudinal EpiFloripa Idoso - Rotinas de organização e protocolos referentes à coleta, análise e armazenamento de material biológico, exames de imagem e capacidade físico-funcional / EpiFloripa Ageing Longitudinal Study - Organizational routines and protocols related to the collection, analysis and storage of biological material, image exams and physical-functional capacity

Resumo Introdução Exames complementares podem contribuir para a compreensão da etiologia de agravos à saúde de idosos. Objetivo Descrever os aspectos operacionais e protocolos referentes à coleta, análise e armazenamento de material biológico, exames de imagem e capacidade físico-funcional. Método Estudo longitudinal, de base populacional, com 604 idosos (≥ 60 anos) do estudo EpiFloripa Idoso, em 2014. Foram coletados dados de material biológico, composição corporal, densitometria óssea, ultrassonografia da espessura íntima média das artérias carótidas, força de preensão manual e a atividade física. Resultados A taxa de resposta foi de 50,4%. Houve perda de seguimento em relação à faixa etária, estado cognitivo e atividades de vida diária. Os indivíduos que realizaram os exames eram mais novos, trabalhavam no momento da entrevista, ingeriam álcool, eram fisicamente ativos. Além de apresentarem menor grau de dependência, ausência de déficit cognitivo, ausência de sintomas depressivos e ausência de dificuldade na mobilidade. Conclusão Espera-se que a descrição das rotinas aplicadas possa auxiliar no desenvolvimento de novas pesquisas semelhantes em grupos de idosos. Assim, poderá ser acompanhado o processo de envelhecimento da população, seus fatores de risco e proteção.

Abstract Background Complementary exams may contribute to the understanding of the etiology of health problems in older adults. Objective To describe the operational aspects and protocols used to collect, analyze and storage biological materials, image exams and physical-functional capacity tests. Method This is a longitudinal and population-based study with 604 older adults (≥ 60 years) from EpiFloripa Ageing Study, in 2014. Data of biological material, body composition, bone densitometry, ultrasonography of the carotid artery intima average thickness, hand grip strength and physical activity were collected. Results The response rate was 50.4%. There was loss of follow-up in relation to age, cognitive status, and activities of daily living. The individuals who performed the tests were younger, worked by the time of the interview, ingested alcohol and were physically active. Also, they were less dependent, absence of cognitive impairment, absence of depressive symptoms and absence of difficulty in mobility. Conclusion It is expected that the description of the applied routines may help in the development of new similar research in the older adult population. Thus, the aging process of the population, its risk and protection factors can be followed.

Circumstances and consequences of falls among the older adults in Florianopolis. Epi Floripa Aging 2009.

The objective was to investigate the cir-cumstances and consequences of falling and risk factors associated with limitations in performing activities after falling. The study is part of the cross-sectional population based survey, conducted in 2009/2010, which involved 1,705 older adults (60 years and older) living in Florianopolis, SC. From the affirmative answer to the question of whether any falls occurred in the 12 months preceding the study, we investigated the circumstances and consequences of falls through a structured questionnaire. Descriptive analysis and binary logistic regression were used, with significance level of 5%. The prevalence of fall was 19% (14.3% for men and 21.5% for women). Most older adults fell while walking, 43.2% inside their homes. The main cause of falling was stumbling due to irregularities on the ground. 71% of those who fell reported injury, and 14.8% reported limitations in performing activities after the fall. There was a significant association between limitations in performing activities after the occurrence of falls and fractures. Preventing falls should be a public health concern, given that relatively easy changes can reduce the risk of falls.

[Falls and fractures among older adults living in long-term care]. / Quedas e fraturas entre residentes de instituições de longa permanência para idosos.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of falls and fractures over the past 12 months and associated factors among older adults living in long-term care. METHODS: Census of all long-term care located in the city of Pelotas, Brazil, in 2008. Falls over the past 12 months were assessed using the following question: "Over the last 12 months, have you fallen?" For those who replied positively, another question was asked: "In any of these falls, have you fractured a bone?" Sex, age, schooling, disability relating to basic activities of daily living, type of financing of the long-term care and hospital admissions were the independent variables. We used chi-square tests for heterogeneity and linear trend in the unadjusted analysis, and Poisson regression with robust variance in the adjusted one. RESULTS: Within the 24 long-term care studied, we collected data for 466 individuals. The prevalence of falls in the past year was 38.9% (95%CI 34.5; 43.4). Among those who have fallen, 19.2% had fractures. Femur (hip) was the most frequent site fractured (43.4%), followed by wrist (10%). In the adjusted analysis, older age, disability for 1-5 basic activities of daily living, living in public institutions and hospital admissions in the last year were associated with higher risk of falls. CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of falls and fractures highlights the fragility of the individuals living in long-term care. Special attention should be paid to older adults and those with hospital admissions in the last year.

[Fear of recurrent falls and associated factors among older adults from Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State, Brazil]. / Medo de queda recorrente e fatores associados em idosos de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil.

Fear of falling is characterized by anxiety when walking or excessive worry about falling. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with fear of recurrent falls among older adults in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State, Brazil. A total of 266 older adults who had fallen in the previous year were studied based on a population-based cross-sectional survey. Statistical analysis used Poisson regression to assess the association between fear of recurrent falls and the covariates (socioeconomic variables, physical activity, diseases, cognitive impairment, socializing with friends, characteristics of falls, and self-rated health), respecting the hierarchy between the variables. Among the sample, 57.1% feared recurrent falls. The adjusted analysis yielded a significant association between the outcome and female gender (p = 0.013), less socializing with friends (p = 0.015), diseases of the spinal column (p = 0.022), and limitation of daily activities after the fall (p = 0.001). Thus, campaigns to prevent fear of new falls should particularly target women with limitations due to previous falls and low social interaction.

Associação entre doenças crônicas e força de preensão manual de idosos residentes em Florianópolis - SC, Brasil / Association between chronic diseases and handgrip strength in older adults residents of Florianópolis - SC, Brazil

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é verificar a associação entre doenças crônicas e força de preensão manual (FPM) em idosos de Florianópolis, SC. Análise transversal de um estudo longitudinal de base populacional, com 599 idosos avaliados. A FPM foi verificada por meio de dinamômetro. As variáveis independentes incluíram 10 doenças crônicas e quedas. Foram realizadas análises de regressão linear simples e múltipla. No modelo final, a artrite/reumatismo/artrose (β:-1,27; IC95%: -2,55;-0,20) foi associada à menor FPM, enquanto a bronquite/ asma (β:1,61; IC95%:0,21;3,00) foi associada à maior FPM, nas mulheres. Para os homens, no modelo final, diabetes (β:-3,78; IC95%:-6,51;-1,05) mostrou associação com a menor FPM. Na análise de tendência, houve declínio da FPM com o aumento do número de doenças crônicas para ambos os sexos. Houve associação entre algumas doenças crônicas e a FPM, com diferenças entre os sexos. Torna-se imprescindível a reformulação de políticas de saúde direcionadas à manutenção da independência e autonomia da população idosa.

Abstract This paper aims to verify the association between chronic diseases and handgrip strength (HS) in the older adults of Florianópolis, SC. This is a cross-sectional analysis of a longitudinal population-based study. HS was measured by dynamometer. Independent variables included 10 chronic diseases and falls. Simple and multiple linear regression analyses were performed. In the final model, in women, arthritis/rheumatism/arthrosis (β: -1.27; 95%CI: -2.55; -0.20) was associated with lower HS and bronchitis/ asthma (β: 1.61, 95%CI: 0.21; 3.00) was associated with higher HS. Regarding men, in the final model, diabetes (β:-3.78; 95%CI: -6.51; -1.05) was associated with lower HS. The trend analysis evidenced a lower HS with increased number of chronic diseases in both genders. There was an association between some chronic diseases and HS, with differences between genders. ĩt is essential to overhaul health policies aimed at maintaining the independence and autonomy of the older adults population.

Fatores sociodemográficos, comportamentais e de saúde associados à autopercepção de saúde positiva de idosos longevos residentes em Florianópolis, Santa Catarina / Sociodemographic, behavioral, and health factors associated with positive self-perceived health of long-lived elderly residents in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil

RESUMO: O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar os fatores associados à autopercepção de saúde positiva de idosos longevos (80+). Estudo transversal conduzido no município de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil, com 239 idosos participantes do EpiFloripa Idoso. Foram aplicados instrumentos de coleta para verificar dados sociodemográficos e econômicos, autorrelato do estado de saúde, quedas e estilo de vida. Para identificar os fatores associados à autopercepção de saúde positiva, utilizou-se regressão de Poisson ajustada por sexo. A autopercepção de saúde positiva foi mais prevalente nos idosos longevos sem a presença de depressão (RP = 0,49) e que faziam consumo de álcool (RP = 1,99). Compreender quais variáveis podem interferir na autopercepção de saúde de idosos longevos auxilia em melhores ações de saúde para essa população, principalmente para evitar depressão, além de reduzir custos com internações, medicamentos e tratamentos de saúde, muito frequentes em idosos longevos.

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to identify the factors associated with positive self-perceived health of long-lived elderly (80+) individuals. This cross-sectional study was conducted in the city of Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil, and included 239 elderly participants from the EpiFloripa Ageing Project. We used collection instruments to verify sociodemographic and economic data, self-reported health status, falls, and lifestyle. Then, we identified factors associated with positive self-perceived health using a Poisson regression adjusted for sex. We found that a positive self-reported health status was more prevalent among the long-lived elderly who were not depressed (PR = 0.49), and among those who consumed alcohol (PR = 1.99). Understanding which variables may interfere in the self-perceived health of the long-lived elderly can result in better health options for this population, mainly, new methods to prevent depression. Additionally, this information can help reduce costs associated with hospitalizations, medications and health treatments, all of which are very common among the long-lived elderly.

Condições de vida e saúde de idosos: resultados do estudo de coorte EpiFloripa Idoso / Condiciones vida y salud de adultos mayores: resultados del estudio de cohortes EpiFloripa Idoso / Life and health conditions among elderly: results of the EpiFloripa Idoso cohort study

OBJETIVO: identificar as mudanças sociodemográficas, comportamentais e de saúde ocorridas ao longo do tempo nos participantes do estudo de coorte EpiFloripa Idoso. MÉTODOS: estudo longitudinal de base populacional com idosos de Florianópolis-SC, Brasil. RESULTADOS: entrevistou-se 1.702 idosos em 2009-2010 e 1.197 em 2013-2014 (proporções de resposta: 89,1% e 70,2%, respectivamente); após aproximadamente 4 anos, a maioria manteve-se com companheiro (53,4%), morando acompanhado (76,0%), sem trabalhar (78,0%), com percepção positiva de saúde (44,0%), sem usar internet (67,5%), sem fumar (57,5%), sem consumir bebida alcoólica (53,3%), insuficientemente ativo (56,3%), consumindo <5 porções diárias de frutas/hortaliças (57,3%), sem dependência (60,5%), com excesso de peso (47,0%) e rastreamento negativo para deficit cognitivo (69,4%), sem sintomas depressivos (72,0%) e sem sofrer quedas (60,6%). CONCLUSÕES: a maioria dos idosos não apresentou mudanças importantes em suas características sociodemográficas, comportamentais e de saúde; ressalta-se a necessidade de repensar ações mais efetivas para a melhoria da saúde dos idosos.

OBJETIVO: Identificar los cambios en el comportamiento, la demografía y las condiciones de salud en un seguimiento de los participantes de la encuesta de salud, EpiFloripa Idoso. MÉTODOS: Estudio poblacional longitudinal con adultos mayores de Florianópolis-SC, Brasil. RESULTADOS: Fueron entrevistados 1.702 ancianos en 2009-2010 y 1.197 en 2013-2014 (tasas de respuesta: 89,1% y 70,2%, respectivamente); entre los acompañados, la mayoría, se mantuvo con una pareja (54,4%), viviendo juntos (76,0%), sin trabajar (78,6%), mostraron una percepción positivo de salud (45,0%), sin utilizar Internet (67,3%), sin fumar (57,2%), sin consumir alcohol (52,6%), insuficientemente activos (55,9%), comiendo <5 porciones de frutas/verduras (49,0%), sin dependencia (60,8%), sobrepeso (46,0%), detección negativa para el deterioro cognitivo (68,8%), síntomas depresivos (76,9%) y sin sufrir caídas (60,6%). CONCLUSIONES: la mayoría de las personas mayores no mostraron cambios significativos en sus características analizadas; se hace hincapié en la necesidad de replantear la acción más efectiva para mejorar la salud de los adultos mayores.

OBJECTIVE: to identify sociodemographic, behavioral and health changes in a follow-up of participants in the health survey EpiFloripa Idoso. METHODS: this is a population-based longitudinal study with elderly individuals in Florianópolis-SC, Brazil. RESULTS: 1,702 elderly individuals were interviewed in 2009-2010 and 1,197 in 2013-2014 (response rate: 89.1% and 70.2%, respectively); among followed-up individuals, most of them remained with a partner (53.4%), living with other people (76.0%), not working (78.0%), with positive health perception (44.0%), not using the Internet (67.5%), not smoking (57.5%), not consuming alcohol (53.3%), not physically active (56.3%), consuming <5 servings of fruits/vegetables (57.3%), independent (60.5%), overweight (47.0%), with negative screening for cognitive impairment (69.4%), with no depressive symptoms (72.0%) and not having suffered falls (60.6%). CONCLUSION: most elderly did not show significant changes in their sociodemographic, behavioral and health characteristics; the need to rethink more effective actions to improve the elderly health stands out.