Spatial analysis of cases of Tuberculosis with Mental Disorders in São Paulo.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the spatial distribution of Tuberculosis cases with Mental Disorders, identifying factors that determine its occurrence. METHOD: Ecological study, conducted in the municipalities of São Paulo State. Secondary data were used, with the incidence of Tuberculosis and Mental Disorders as dependent variables in the years 2012 to 2015 and independent variables, socioeconomic, health and income transfer data. The Geographically Weighted Regression was applied in this study. RESULTS: It was observed a distinct distribution between cases of Tuberculosis and Mental Disorders in the municipalities of São Paulo State. Among the explanatory factors, the Primary Care Coverage, population of freedom and income inequality were spatially associated with Mental Illness (R2= 0.12); Alcoholism (R2= 0.12) Illicit Drugs (R2= 0.50) and Smoking (R2= 0.50). CONCLUSION / FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The study advances in knowledge by evidencing the spatial distribution of cases of Tuberculosis and Mental Disorders, evidencing the determining factors for its occurrence in São Paulo State.

Spatial analysis of cases of Tuberculosis with Mental Disorders in São Paulo / Análisis espacial entre casos de tuberculosis y transtornos mentales en São Paulo / Análise espacial dos casos de Tuberculose com Transtornos Mentais em São Paulo

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the spatial distribution of Tuberculosis cases with Mental Disorders, identifying factors that determine its occurrence. Method: Ecological study, conducted in the municipalities of São Paulo State. Secondary data were used, with the incidence of Tuberculosis and Mental Disorders as dependent variables in the years 2012 to 2015 and independent variables, socioeconomic, health and income transfer data. The Geographically Weighted Regression was applied in this study. Results: It was observed a distinct distribution between cases of Tuberculosis and Mental Disorders in the municipalities of São Paulo State. Among the explanatory factors, the Primary Care Coverage, population of freedom and income inequality were spatially associated with Mental Illness (R2= 0.12); Alcoholism (R2= 0.12) Illicit Drugs (R2= 0.50) and Smoking (R2= 0.50). Conclusion / Final considerations: The study advances in knowledge by evidencing the spatial distribution of cases of Tuberculosis and Mental Disorders, evidencing the determining factors for its occurrence in São Paulo State.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar la distribución espacial entre casos de tuberculosis y trastornos mentales, identificando factores que determinan su ocurrencia. Método: Estudio ecológico, conducido en los municipios del estado de São Paulo. Se utilizaron datos secundarios, teniendo como variable dependiente la incidencia de la tuberculosis y trastornos mentales en los años de 2012 a 2015 y variables independientes, datos socioeconómicos, sanitarios y de transferencia de renta. Se aplicó a Geographically Weighted Regression. Resultados: Se observó una distribución distinta entre casos de tuberculosis y trastornos mentales en los municipios del estado de São Paulo. Entre los factores explicativos, la cobertura de Atención Básica, población privada de libertad y desigualdad de ingreso estuvieron asociadas espacialmente con Enfermedad Mental (R2= 0,12); Alcoholismo (R2= 0,12) Drogas Ilícitas (R2= 0,50) y Tabaquismo (R2= 0,50). Conclusión / Consideraciones finales: El estudio avanza en el conocimiento al evidenciar la distribución espacial de los casos de tuberculosis y trastornos mentales, evidenciando los factores determinantes para su ocurrencia en el estado de São Paulo.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a distribuição espacial dos casos de Tuberculose com Transtornos Mentais, identificando fatores que determinam sua ocorrência. Método: Estudo ecológico, conduzido nos municípios do estado de São Paulo. Utilizaram-se dados secundários, tendo-se como variável dependente a incidência da Tuberculose e Transtornos Mentais nos anos de 2012 a 2015 e variáveis independentes, dados socioeconômicos, sanitários e de transferência de renda. Aplicou-se a Geographically Weighted Regression. Resultados: Observou-se uma distribuição distinta entre casos de Tuberculose e Transtornos Mentais nos municípios do estado de São Paulo. Entre os fatores explicativos, a cobertura de Atenção Básica, População Privada de Liberdade e desigualdade de renda estiveram associadas espacialmente com Doença Mental (R2= 0,12); Alcoolismo (R2= 0,12) Drogas Ilícitas (R2= 0,50) e Tabagismo (R2= 0,50). Conclusão/ Considerações finais: O estudo avança no conhecimento ao evidenciar a distribuição espacial dos casos de Tuberculose e Transtornos Mentais, evidenciando os fatores determinantes para sua ocorrência no estado de São Paulo.