RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of hydrosalpinges on embryo implantation. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Private fertility and university hospitals. PATIENT(S): Eighteen patients with unilateral or bilateral hydrosalpinges who underwent salpingectomy. INTERVENTION(S): Pre- and posttreatment endometrial biopsies for immunohistochemical evaluation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Pre- and posttreatment lymphocyte populations in endometrial samples, evaluated by immunohistochemical identification. RESULT(S): Endometrial samples from pretreatment exhibited small lymphocytic clusters of CD3+, CD8+, CD4+, granzyme B positive, and CD56+. After salpingectomy, the numbers of cluster lesions were significantly decreased. CONCLUSION(S): Because a characteristic distribution of lymphocytes in endometrium with hydrosalpinges was found, activation of T/NK (natural killer) lymphocytes in endometrium might be involved in the impairment of embryo implantation in cases of hydrosalpinges.