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1.
Appl Environ Microbiol ; 87(18): e0054421, 2021 08 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34190610

RESUMO

Oxalobacter formigenes, a unique anaerobic bacterium that relies solely on oxalate for growth, is a key oxalate-degrading bacterium in the mammalian intestinal tract. Degradation of oxalate in the gut by O. formigenes plays a critical role in preventing renal toxicity in animals that feed on oxalate-rich plants. The role of O. formigenes in reducing the risk of calcium oxalate kidney stone disease and oxalate nephropathy in humans is less clear, in part due to difficulties in culturing this organism and the lack of studies which have utilized diets in which the oxalate content is controlled. Herein, we review the literature on the 40th anniversary of the discovery of O. formigenes, with a focus on its biology, its role in gut oxalate metabolism and calcium oxalate kidney stone disease, and potential areas of future research. Results from ongoing clinical trials utilizing O. formigenes in healthy volunteers and in patients with primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1), a rare but severe form of calcium oxalate kidney stone disease, are also discussed. Information has been consolidated on O. formigenes strains and best practices to culture this bacterium, which should serve as a good resource for researchers.


Assuntos
Oxalatos/metabolismo , Oxalobacter formigenes , Animais , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Genômica , Humanos , Inativação Metabólica , Metabolômica , Nefrolitíase , Oxalatos/urina , Oxalobacter formigenes/genética , Oxalobacter formigenes/metabolismo , Oxalobacter formigenes/fisiologia
2.
J Urol ; 206(3): 517-525, 2021 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33904797

RESUMO

PURPOSE: We reviewed the available evidence regarding health disparities in kidney stone disease to identify knowledge gaps in this area. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature search was conducted using PubMed®, Embase® and Scopus® limited to articles published in English from 1971 to 2020. Articles were selected based on their relevance to disparities in kidney stone disease among adults in the United States. RESULTS: Several large epidemiological studies suggest disproportionate increases in incidence and prevalence of kidney stone disease among women as well as Black and Hispanic individuals in the United States, whereas other studies of comparable size do not report racial and ethnic demographics. Numerous articles describe disparities in imaging utilization, metabolic workup completion, analgesia, surgical intervention, stone burden at presentation, surgical complications, followup, and quality of life based on race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status and place of residence. Differences in urinary parameters based on race, ethnicity and socioeconomic status may be explained by both dietary and physiological factors. All articles assessed had substantial risk of selection bias and confounding. CONCLUSIONS: Health disparities are present in many aspects of kidney stone disease. Further research should focus not only on characterization of these disparities but also on interventions to reduce or eliminate them.


Assuntos
Disparidades nos Níveis de Saúde , Cálculos Renais/epidemiologia , Adulto , Negro ou Afro-Americano/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Hispânico ou Latino/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Prevalência , Características de Residência/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores Sexuais , Classe Social , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia
3.
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol ; 316(3): F409-F413, 2019 03 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30566003

RESUMO

Dietary oxalate is plant-derived and may be a component of vegetables, nuts, fruits, and grains. In normal individuals, approximately half of urinary oxalate is derived from the diet and half from endogenous synthesis. The amount of oxalate excreted in urine plays an important role in calcium oxalate stone formation. Large epidemiological cohort studies have demonstrated that urinary oxalate excretion is a continuous variable when indexed to stone risk. Thus, individuals with oxalate excretions >25 mg/day may benefit from a reduction of urinary oxalate output. The 24-h urine assessment may miss periods of transient surges in urinary oxalate excretion, which may promote stone growth and is a limitation of this analysis. In this review we describe the impact of dietary oxalate and its contribution to stone growth. To limit calcium oxalate stone growth, we advocate that patients maintain appropriate hydration, avoid oxalate-rich foods, and consume an adequate amount of calcium.


Assuntos
Cálculos Renais/etiologia , Oxalatos , Cálcio/urina , Oxalato de Cálcio , Cálcio da Dieta/urina , Dieta , Humanos , Cálculos Renais/urina
4.
J Urol ; 211(3): 494-496, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38088338
5.
J Urol ; : 101097JU0000000000004207, 2024 Aug 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39162206
6.
J Urol ; 212(4): 630-632, 2024 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38958185
7.
J Urol ; 211(6): 817-819, 2024 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39012702
8.
J Urol ; 212(3): 518-520, 2024 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38818899
9.
J Urol ; : 101097JU0000000000004289, 2024 Oct 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39440686
10.
J Urol ; 211(1): 195-197, 2024 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37861081
11.
J Urol ; 212(2): 384-386, 2024 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38758641
13.
J Urol ; 209(4): 802-804, 2023 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36660917
14.
J Urol ; 209(3): 629-631, 2023 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36562684
15.
J Urol ; 209(1): 291-293, 2023 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36268618
16.
J Urol ; 209(2): 440-442, 2023 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36349574
17.
J Urol ; 210(1): 213-214, 2023 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37115187
18.
J Urol ; 209(5): 1021-1023, 2023 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37026651
19.
J Urol ; 210(2): 375-377, 2023 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37199091
20.
J Urol ; 209(6): 1225-1227, 2023 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36950941
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