RESUMO
Since oophorectomy in healthy women predates the commercialization of BRCA mutations screens, genomics cannot explain entirely why physicians and cancer specialists recommend this procedure for women at risk. Rather, one must situate the development of reproductive cancer genomics within a broader sociocultural context in which researchers bring to bear habits of mind about women, reproduction and motherhood. (Happe, 2006, p. 173)
Assuntos
Identidade de Gênero , Ovariectomia/psicologia , Ovariectomia/estatística & dados numéricos , Ovário/cirurgia , Autoimagem , Adulto , Neoplasias da Mama/epidemiologia , Neoplasias da Mama/genética , Neoplasias da Mama/prevenção & controle , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/psicologia , Transtornos Cognitivos/epidemiologia , Transtornos Cognitivos/psicologia , Feminino , Genes BRCA1 , Humanos , Doenças do Sistema Imunitário/epidemiologia , Doenças do Sistema Imunitário/psicologia , Masculino , Menopausa/psicologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mães/psicologia , Osteoporose/epidemiologia , Osteoporose/psicologia , Neoplasias Ovarianas/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Ovarianas/prevenção & controle , Fatores de Risco , Transtornos do Sono-Vigília/epidemiologia , Transtornos do Sono-Vigília/psicologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Recent evidence suggests that early or induced menopause increases the risk for cognitive impairment and dementia. Given the potential for different cognitive outcomes due to menopause types, it is important that present research on menopause and cognition distinguishes between types. The aim of this project was to determine to what extent research looking at cognition in postmenopausal women published in one year, 2016, accounted for menopausal type. METHODS: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsychINFO using keywords and MeSH terms for menopause and cognition. We included any research paper reporting a cognitive outcome measure in a menopausal human population. Differentiation between the types of menopause was defined by four categories: undifferentiated, demographic differentiation (menopause type reported but not analyzed), partial differentiation (some but not all types analyzed), and full differentiation (menopause types factored into analysis, or recruitment of only one type). RESULTS: Fifty research articles were found and analyzed. Differentiation was distributed as follows: undifferentiated, 38% (19 articles); demographic differentiation, 16% (8); partial differentiation, 28% (14); and full differentiation, 18% (9). CONCLUSIONS: This review revealed that although some clinical studies differentiated between the many menopauses, most did not. This may limit their relevance to clinical practice. We found that when menopause types are distinguished, the differing cognitive outcomes of each type are clarified, yielding the strongest evidence, which in turn will be able to inform best clinical practice for treating all women.