RESUMO
A fast chemoenzymatic synthesis of sialylated oligosaccharides containing C5-modified neuraminic acids is reported. Analogues of GM3 and GM2 ganglioside saccharidic portions where the acetyl group of NeuNAc has been replaced by a phenylacetyl (PhAc) or a propanoyl (Prop) moiety have been efficiently prepared with metabolically engineered E. coli bacteria. GM3 analogues were either obtained by chemoselective modification of biosynthetic N-acetyl-sialyllactoside (GM3 NAc) or by direct bacterial synthesis using C5-modified neuraminic acid precursors. The latter strategy proved to be very versatile as it led to an efficient synthesis of GM2 analogues. These glycomimetics were assessed against hemagglutinins and sialidases. In particular, the GM3 NPhAc displayed a binding affinity for Maackia amurensis agglutinin (MAA) similar to that of GM3 NAc, while being resistant to hydrolysis by Vibrio cholerae (VC) neuraminidase. A preliminary study with influenza viruses also confirmed a selective inhibition of N1 neuraminidase by GM3 NPhAc, suggesting potential developments for the detection of flu viruses and for fighting them.
Assuntos
Hemaglutininas/metabolismo , Engenharia Metabólica , Ácidos Neuramínicos/síntese química , Neuraminidase/antagonistas & inibidores , Oligossacarídeos/síntese química , Ácidos Siálicos/síntese química , Vibrio cholerae/enzimologia , Aglutininas/metabolismo , Animais , Bovinos , Escherichia coli/genética , Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Hidrólise , Maackia/metabolismo , Ácidos Neuramínicos/química , Ácidos Neuramínicos/metabolismo , Ácidos Neuramínicos/farmacologia , Oligossacarídeos/química , Oligossacarídeos/metabolismo , Oligossacarídeos/farmacologia , Ácidos Siálicos/química , Ácidos Siálicos/metabolismo , Ácidos Siálicos/farmacologiaRESUMO
Oligosaccharidic moieties of GM(2) and GM(3) gangliosides bearing an allyl or a propargyl aglycon, are efficiently biosynthesized on the gram scale by growing metabolically engineered Escherichia coli cells in the presence of the corresponding lactoside acceptors and sialic acid.