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INTRODUCTION: The recent POLDER trial investigated the effects of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) on dysphagia caused by incurable oesophageal cancer. An estimated life expectancy of minimally three months was required for inclusion. However, nearly one-third of the included patients died within three months. The aim of this study was to investigate if the use of prediction models could have improved the physician's estimation of the patient's survival. METHODS: Data from the POLDER trial (N = 110) were linked to the Netherlands Cancer Registry to retrieve patient, tumour, and treatment characteristics. Two published prediction models (the SOURCE model and Steyerberg model) were used to predict three-month survival for all patients included in the POLDER trial. Predicted survival probabilities were dichotomised and the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and the area under the curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the predictive performance. RESULTS: The SOURCE and Steyerberg model had an accuracy of 79% and 64%, and an AUC of 0.76 and 0.60 (p = .017), respectively. The SOURCE model had higher specificity across survival cut-off probabilities, the Steyerberg model had a higher sensitivity beyond the survival probability cut-off of 0.7. Using optimal cut-off probabilities, SOURCE would have wrongfully included 16/110 patients into the POLDER and Steyerberg 34/110. CONCLUSION: The SOURCE model was found to be a more useful decision aid than the Steyerberg model. Results showed that the SOURCE model could be used for three-month survival predictions for patients that are considered for palliative treatment of dysphagia caused by oesophageal cancer in addition to clinicians' judgement.
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Transtornos de Deglutição , Neoplasias Esofágicas , Área Sob a Curva , Técnicas de Apoio para a Decisão , Transtornos de Deglutição/etiologia , Transtornos de Deglutição/radioterapia , Neoplasias Esofágicas/complicações , Neoplasias Esofágicas/mortalidade , Neoplasias Esofágicas/radioterapia , Humanos , Países Baixos/epidemiologia , Cuidados Paliativos/métodos , Taxa de SobrevidaRESUMO
Background: Proximal esophageal cancer (EC) is commonly treated with definitive chemoradiation (CRT). The radiation dose and type of chemotherapy backbone are still under debate. The objective of this study was to compare the treatment outcomes of contemporary CRT regimens.Material and Methods: In this retrospective observational cohort study, we included patients with locally advanced squamous cell cancer of the proximal esophagus, from 11 centers in the Netherlands, treated with definitive CRT between 2004 and 2014. Each center had a preferential CRT regimen, based on cisplatin (Cis) or carboplatin-paclitaxel (CP) combined with low (≤50.4 Gy) or high (>50.4 Gy) dose radiotherapy (RT). Differences in overall survival (OS) between CRT regimens were assessed using a fully adjusted Cox proportional hazards and propensity score (PS) weighted model. Safety profiles were compared using a multilevel logistic regression model.Results: Two hundred patients were included. Fifty-four, 39, 95, and 12 patients were treated with Cis-low-dose RT, Cis-high-dose RT, CP-low-dose RT, and CP-high-dose RT, respectively. Median follow-up was 62.6 months (95% CI: 47.9-77.2 months). Median OS (21.9 months; 95% CI: 16.9-27.0 months) was comparable between treatment groups (logrank p = .88), confirmed in the fully adjusted and PS weighted model (p > .05). Grades 3-5 acute adverse events were less frequent in patients treated with CP-low-dose RT versus Cis-high-dose RT (OR 3.78; 95% CI: 1.31-10.87; p = .01). The occurrence of grades 3-5 late toxicities was not different between treatment groups.Conclusion: Our study was unable to demonstrate a difference in OS between the CRT regimens, probably related to the relatively small sample size. Based on the superior safety profile, carboplatin and paclitaxel-based CRT regimens are preferred in patients with locally advanced proximal EC.
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Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/terapia , Quimiorradioterapia/métodos , Neoplasias Esofágicas/terapia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efeitos adversos , Carboplatina/administração & dosagem , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/mortalidade , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Quimiorradioterapia/efeitos adversos , Cisplatino/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias Esofágicas/mortalidade , Neoplasias Esofágicas/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Países Baixos , Paclitaxel/administração & dosagem , Pontuação de Propensão , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , Dosagem Radioterapêutica , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) is considered standard of care for patients with multiple brain metastases or unfit for radical treatment modalities. Recent studies raised discussion about the expected survival after WBRT. Therefore, we analysed survival after WBRT for brain metastases 'in daily practice' in a large nationwide multicentre retrospective cohort. METHODS: Between 2000 and 2014, 6325 patients had WBRT (20 Gy in 4 Gy fractions) for brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC; 4363 patients) or breast cancer (BC; 1962 patients); patients were treated in 15 out of 21 Dutch radiotherapy centres. Survival was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method from the first day of WBRT until death as recorded in local hospital data registration or the Dutch Municipal Personal Records Database. FINDINGS: The median survival was 2.7 months for NSCLC and 3.7 months for BC patients (p < .001). For NSCLC patients aged <50, 50-60, 60-70 and >70 years, survival was 4.0, 3.0, 2.8 and 2.1 months, respectively (p < .001). For BC patients, survival was 4.5, 3.8, 3.2 and 2.9 months, respectively (p = .047). In multivariable analyses, higher age was related to poorer survival with hazard ratios (HR) for patients aged 50-60, 60-70 and >70 years being 1.05, 1.19 and 1.34, respectively. Primary BC (HR: 0.83) and female sex (HR: 0.85) were related to better survival (p < .001). INTERPRETATION: The survival of patients after WBRT for brain metastases from NSCLC treated in Dutch 'common radiotherapy practice' is poor, in breast cancer and younger patients it is disappointingly little better. These results are in line with the results presented in the QUARTZ trial and we advocate a much more restrictive use of WBRT. In patients with a more favourable prognosis the optimal treatment strategy remains to be determined. Prospective randomized trials and individualized prognostic models are needed to identify these patients and to tailor treatment.
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Neoplasias Encefálicas/mortalidade , Neoplasias Encefálicas/radioterapia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/secundário , Irradiação Craniana/mortalidade , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Neoplasias da Mama/mortalidade , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Neoplasias da Mama Masculina/mortalidade , Neoplasias da Mama Masculina/patologia , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/mortalidade , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/secundário , Estudos de Coortes , Irradiação Craniana/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Neoplasias Pulmonares/mortalidade , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Países Baixos/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Myxoid liposarcoma is the only translocation-associated liposarcoma subtype. It classically originates in the deep soft tissues of the thigh. At distal sites of the extremities, this tumor is exceedingly rare. We present a series of 8 cases occurring in the foot/ankle. RESULTS: Two female and 6 male patients, aged between 32 and 77 years (mean, 54.3 years), were identified. Tumor size ranged from 1.1 to 10 cm (mean, 6.8 cm). Two lesions eroded bone. All tumors were treated by excision and 7 by (neo)adjuvant radiotherapy. R0 status was reached in 2 cases with 1 case followed by metastasis in the groin. All other cases were documented with R1 (n=2) or R2 (n=4) resection status. In 1 patient, the follow-up status was unknown. All other patients were alive 15-135 (mean, 55.8) months after initial diagnosis. We conclude that myxoid liposarcoma at acral sites are exceedingly rare, and in this series, prognosis was good irrespective of resection status. Clinicians and pathologists have to be aware because this sarcoma type shows a peculiar clinical behavior with high radio- and chemosensitivity and metastatic spread to extrapulmonary sites.
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Pé/patologia , Lipossarcoma Mixoide/diagnóstico , Lipossarcoma Mixoide/patologia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/diagnóstico , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/patologia , Sarcoma/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Sarcoma/diagnóstico , Coxa da Perna/patologia , Translocação Genética/fisiologiaRESUMO
Background and purpose: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) guided stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) of liver metastases is an upcoming high-precision non-invasive treatment. Interobserver variation (IOV) in tumor delineation, however, remains a relevant uncertainty for planning target volume (PTV) margins. The aims of this study were to quantify IOV in MRI-based delineation of the gross tumor volume (GTV) of liver metastases and to detect patient-specific factors influencing IOV. Materials and methods: A total of 22 patients with liver metastases from three primary tumor origins were selected (colorectal(8), breast(6), lung(8)). Delineation guidelines and planning MRI-scans were provided to eight radiation oncologists who delineated all GTVs. All delineations were centrally peer reviewed to identify outliers not meeting the guidelines. Analyses were performed both in- and excluding outliers. IOV was quantified as the standard deviation (SD) of the perpendicular distance of each observer's delineation towards the median delineation. The correlation of IOV with shape regularity, tumor origin and volume was determined. Results: Including all delineations, average IOV was 1.6 mm (range 0.6-3.3 mm). From 160 delineations, in total fourteen single delineations were marked as outliers after peer review. After excluding outliers, the average IOV was 1.3 mm (range 0.6-2.3 mm). There was no significant correlation between IOV and tumor origin or volume. However, there was a significant correlation between IOV and regularity (Spearman's ρs = -0.66; p = 0.002). Conclusion: MRI-based IOV in tumor delineation of liver metastases was 1.3-1.6 mm, from which PTV margins for IOV can be calculated. Tumor regularity and IOV were significantly correlated, potentially allowing for patient-specific margin calculation.
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AIM: To evaluate acute toxicity at 6 months after stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in patients with oligometastatic cancer within the OligoCare cohort. MATERIAL AND METHODS: OligoCare is a prospective, registry-based, single-arm, observational study that aims to report prospective real-world data of patients with oligometastases from solid cancer treated with SBRT (NCT03818503). Primary tumor included non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), breast cancer (BC), colorectal cancer (CRC), and prostate cancer (PC). This analysis addresses a secondary endpoint of the trial, acute toxicity within 6 months after SBRT. RESULTS: Out of 1,597registered patients, 1'468 patients were evaluated for acute toxicity. Globally, 290 (20 %) had NSCLC primary disease, 227 (16 %) had BC, 293 (20 %) had CRC, and 658 (45 %) had PC. Concomitant systemic treatment was administered in 527 (35.9 %) patients. According to the EORTC/ESTRO oligometastatic disease (OMD) classification, 828 (56 %) patients had de novo OMD, 464 (32 %) repeat OMD, and 176 (12 %) induced OMD. Acute grade ≥ 3 SBRT related adverse events were reported in 8 (0.5 %) patients, including 2 (0.1 %) fatal AEs. In particular, 6 (0.4 %) grade 3 events were: 1 empyema, 1 pneumonia, 1 radiation pneumonitis, 1 radiation skin injury, 1 decreased appetite, and 1 bone pain. Among those 2 occurred in NSCLC patients, 2 in BC patients, and 1 in CRC and PC patients each. The two (0.1 %) grade 5 toxicity were represented by: pneumonitis and cerebral hemorrhage. CONCLUSION: OligoCare is the largest prospective registry cohort on oligometastatic disease. Acute toxicity within 6 months was low, confirming the safety of SBRT in the treatment of oligometastases.
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Objective: To evaluate the impact of metastases-directed stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in men with oligometastatic prostate cancer (PCa) using real-world data from the OligoCare cohort. Materials and methods: OligoCare is a pragmatic, observational cohort designed to assess the impact of metastases-directed SBRT on patients with oligometastatic disease (OMD). We report an interim analyses of the secondary endpoint HRQoL, assessed using the EORTC QLQ-C30, within six months of metastases-directed SBRT for oligometastatic disease in men with PCa among the first 1600 registered patients. HRQoL data collection was optional within the OligoCare cohort. To compare HRQoL between baseline and first follow-up assessment, a Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used. A multiple linear regression model was used to explore the HRQoL associations with predefined factors. Results: Out of the 1600 registered patients, 658 were treated for oligometastatic PCa, of which 233 had baseline QoL data and 132 patients had both baseline and follow-up HRQoL data. At baseline, most patients had a WHO performance status of 0 or 1 (87 %), were de-novo oligometastatic (79 %), had one metastasis (90 %), and had a good overall global health status (mean 80.81, SD16.11, IQR 75-92). 51 % received hormonal therapy as concomitant systemic treatment. Patients with comorbidities as assessed by the Charlson Comorbidity index had a worse global health status at baseline (-4.88, 95 % CI:-9.35, -0.42). No clinically meaningful significant difference in global health status was observed at first assessment following SBRT (median 3.0 months) compared with baseline (mean difference 2.27, 95 % CI:-1.54, 6.08). Upon evaluating the proportions, meaningful clinically important differences (a 10-point or more difference) was observed in, 17 % and 11 % of the patients reporting deterioration and improvement of global health status, respectively. Conclusion: Metastases-directed stereotactic body radiotherapy had no negative impact on global HRQoL within the first six months after treatment.
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BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION: Optimal dose and fractionation in stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for oligometastatic cancer patients remain unknown. In this interim analysis of OligoCare, we analyzed factors associated with SBRT dose and fractionation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Analysis was based on the first 1,099 registered patients. SBRT doses were converted to biological effective doses (BED) using α/ß of 10 Gy for all primaries, and cancer-specific α/ß of 10 Gy for non-small cell lung and colorectal cancer (NSCLC, CRC), 2.5 Gy for breast cancer (BC), or 1.5 Gy for prostate cancer (PC). RESULTS: Of the interim analysis population of 1,099 patients, 999 (99.5 %) fulfilled inclusion criteria and received metastasis-directed SBRT for NSCLC (n = 195; 19.5 %), BC (n = 163; 16.3 %), CRC (n = 184; 18.4 %), or PC (n = 457; 47.5 %). Two thirds of patients were treated for single metastasis. Median number of fractions was 5 (IQR, 3-5) and median dose per fraction was 9.7 (IQR, 7.7-12.4) Gy. The most frequently treated sites were non-vertebral bone (22.8 %), lung (21.0 %), and distant lymph node metastases (19.0 %). On multivariate analysis, the dose varied significantly for primary cancer type (BC: 237.3 Gy BED, PC 300.6 Gy BED, and CRC 84.3 Gy BED), and metastatic sites, with higher doses for lung and liver lesions. CONCLUSION: This real-world analysis suggests that SBRT doses are adjusted to the primary cancers and oligometastasis location. Future analysis will address safety and efficacy of this site- and disease-adapted SBRT fractionation approach (NCT03818503).
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Fracionamento da Dose de Radiação , Radiocirurgia , Humanos , Radiocirurgia/métodos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Metástase Neoplásica , Neoplasias Pulmonares/radioterapia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Dosagem Radioterapêutica , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Neoplasias da Mama/radioterapia , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Neoplasias Colorretais/radioterapia , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/radioterapia , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/patologia , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Neoplasias da Próstata/radioterapia , Neoplasias da Próstata/patologia , Neoplasias/radioterapia , Neoplasias/patologiaRESUMO
PET imaging with 2'-deoxy-2'-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose ([18F]FDG) has become one of the pillars in the management of malignant diseases. It has proven value in diagnostic workup, treatment policy, follow-up, and as prognosticator for outcome. [18F]FDG is widely available and standards have been developed for PET acquisition protocols and quantitative analyses. More recently, [18F]FDG-PET is also starting to be appreciated as a decision aid for treatment personalization. This review focuses on the potential of [18F]FDG-PET for individualized radiotherapy dose prescription. This includes dose painting, gradient dose prescription, and [18F]FDG-PET guided response-adapted dose prescription. The current status, progress, and future expectations of these developments for various tumor types are discussed.
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Fluordesoxiglucose F18 , Neoplasias , Humanos , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons/métodos , Neoplasias/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias/radioterapia , Glucose , Compostos RadiofarmacêuticosRESUMO
To improve local control, neoadjuvant radiotherapy (nRT) followed by surgery is the standard of care in myxofibrosarcoma (MFS) because of its infiltrative growth pattern. Nevertheless, local recurrence rates are high. Data on prognostic factors for poor clinical outcomes are lacking. This retrospective study thus investigates the prognostic relevance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics before and after nRT in 40 MFS patients, as well as their association with disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). A vascular pedicle, defined as extra-tumoral vessels at the tumor periphery, was observed in 12 patients (30.0%) pre-nRT and remained present post-nRT in all cases. Patients with a vascular pedicle had worse DFS (HR 5.85; 95% CI 1.56-21.90; p = 0.009) and OS (HR 9.58; 95% CI 1.91-48.00; p = 0.006). An infiltrative growth pattern, referred to as a tail sign, was observed in 22 patients (55.0%) pre-nRT and in 19 patients (47.5%) post-nRT, and was associated with worse DFS post-nRT (HR 6.99; 95% CI 1.39-35.35; p = 0.019). The percentage of tumor necrosis estimated by MRI was increased post-nRT, but was not associated with survival outcomes. The presence of a tail sign or vascular pedicle on MRI could support the identification of patients at risk for poor clinical outcomes after nRT.
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PURPOSE: To compare transarterial chemoembolization delivered with drug eluting beads (TACE-DEB) with stereotactioc body radiation therapy (SBRT) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a multicenter randomized trial. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Patients were included if they were eligible for TACE. They could also be recruited if they required treatment prior to liver transplantation. A maximum of four TACE-DEB procedures and ablation after incomplete TACE-DEB were both allowed. SBRT was delivered in six fractions of 8-9Gy. Primary end point was time to progression (TTP). Secondary endpoints were local control (LC), overall survival (OS), response rate (RR), toxicity, and quality of life (QoL). The calculated sample size was 100 patients. RESULTS: Between May 2015 and April 2020, 30 patients were randomized to the study. Due to slow accrual the trial was closed prematurely. Two patients in the SBRT arm were considered ineligible leaving 16 patients in the TACE-DEB arm and 12 in the SBRT arm. Median follow-up was 28.1 months. Median TTP was 12 months for TACEDEB and 19 months for SBRT (p=0.15). Median LC was 12 months for TACE-DEB and >40 months (not reached) for SBRT (p=0.075). Median OS was 36.8 months for TACEDEB and 44.1 months for SBRT (p=0.36). A post-hoc analysis showed 100% for SBRT 1- and 2-year LC, and 54.4% and 43.6% for TACE-DEB (p=0.019). Both treatments resulted in RR>80%. Three episodes of possibly related toxicity grade ≥3 were observed after TACE-DEB. No episodes were observed after SBRT. QoL remained stable after both treatment arms. CONCLUSIONS: In this trial, TTP after TACE-DEB was not significantly improved by SBRT, while SBRT showed higher local antitumoral activity than TACE-DEB, without detrimental effects on OS, toxicity and QoL. To overcome poor accrual in randomized trials that include SBRT, and to generate evidence for including SBRT in treatment guidelines, international cooperation is needed.
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Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Quimioembolização Terapêutica , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Radiocirurgia , Humanos , Radiocirurgia/efeitos adversos , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/radioterapia , Qualidade de Vida , Neoplasias Hepáticas/radioterapiaRESUMO
Myxofibrosarcoma (MFS) is a rare mesenchymal soft tissue sarcoma type, with a high local recurrence (LR) rate. Robust epidemiological data on MFS are lacking. We, therefore, aimed to identify prognostic factors and describe real-life outcomes of a large cohort of 908 MFS patients obtained from the nationwide database of the Netherlands Cancer Registry and diagnosed between 2002 and 2019. Median Overall survival (OS) was 155 (range 0.1-215) months, with a five-year OS of 67.7%. No improvement of OS was found over time. Multivariable Cox regression survival analysis demonstrated known prognostic factors for OS, such as older age, tumour size, and histological grade with the addition of sex. Surgery at sarcoma expertise centres, instead of general hospitals, was associated with better OS outcomes. In a subcohort of 177 patients, 39% developed LR with a median time to recurrence of 20 months. From LR on, the median OS was 64.0 months (CI 95% 38.5-89.5). In 28%, distant metastases were diagnosed with a median OS of 34.3 months (CI 95% 28.8-39.8) after diagnosis of the primary tumour. In this largest nationwide cohort so far, survival outcomes and recurrence rates for MFS patients did not improve over time, emphasizing the need to improve treatment strategies and suggesting a role for sarcoma expertise centres.
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Tumores de Células Gigantes/radioterapia , Imunidade Celular/efeitos da radiação , Inflamação/etiologia , Radioterapia/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Tumores de Células Gigantes/imunologia , Tumores de Células Gigantes/secundário , Humanos , Imunidade Celular/imunologia , Inflamação/patologia , Masculino , Prognóstico , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In rectal cancer patients, radiotherapy in prone position using a belly board can reduce the dose to organs at risk. For this patient group we investigated inter-fraction shape variation of the mesorectal part of the clinical target volume (CTV) and determined planning target volume (PTV) margins. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with rectal cancer receiving neoadjuvant (chemo)radiotherapy were eligible. For each patient a planning computed tomography (pCT) and five cone-beam CT (CBCT) scans were acquired in prone position using a belly board. The mesorectal CTV was delineated on all scans. Mesorectal shape variation was quantified relative to the pCT. PTV margins were derived locally and averaged for separate subregions of the mesorectal CTV. For each patient a total PTV was constructed using our clinical margins for mesorectal and lymph node CTVs. An artificial dose distribution conforming to this PTV was used to calculate the coverage for the mesorectal CTV using the CBCT delineations. RESULTS: In 19 rectal cancer patients the derived PTV margins were smallest in the upper-lateral region (6 mm) and largest in the upper-anterior region (16 mm). PTV margins for the upper-anterior region were larger for female patients (19 mm) compared to male patients (14 mm). Clinical margins for the total PTV were sufficient for a coverage of at least 97% of the mesorectal CTV for all patients. CONCLUSIONS: Mesorectal shape variation is heterogeneous and largest in the upper-anterior region, in rectal cancer patients irradiated in prone position and using a belly board.
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BACKGROUND: Histotype specific neoadjuvant therapy response data is scarce in soft tissue sarcomas. This study aimed to assess the impact of a moderate radiotherapy (RT) dose on resectability and to correlate MRI parameters to pathological treatment response in Myxoid Liposarcoma (MLS). METHODS: This prospective, multicenter, single-arm, phase 2 trial assessed the radiological effects of 36 Gy of preoperative radiotherapy in primary non-metastatic MLS (n=34). Distance of the tumor to the neurovascular bundle, tumor dimensions, fat fraction, enhancing fraction were determined on MRI scans at baseline, after 8 and 16 fractions, and preoperatively. Pathological response was established by central pathology review. RESULTS: Preoperative radiotherapy resulted in a median increase of 2 mm (IQR 0 to 6) of the distance of the tumor to the neurovascular bundle. As compared to baseline, the median change of the tumor volume, craniocaudal diameter and axial diameter at preoperative MRI were -60% (IQR -74 to -41), -19% (IQR -23 to -7) and -20% (IQR -29 to -12), respectively. The median fat fraction of 0.1 (IQR 0.0-0.1) and enhancing fraction of 0.8 (IQR 0.6 to 0.9) at baseline, changed to 0.2 (IQR 0.1 to 0.5) and to 0.5(IQR 0.4 to 0.9) preoperatively, respectively. Radiological signs of response in terms of volume, enhancing fraction and fat fraction were correlated with specific pathological signs of response like hyalinization, necrosis and fatty maturation. CONCLUSIONS: A moderate dose of preoperative radiotherapy may improve resectability in MLS and could facilitate achievement of clear margins and function preservation. MRI features which were predictive for expressions of pathological response, can play a role in further personalization of neoadjuvant treatment strategies in order to improve outcome in MLS.
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Lipossarcoma Mixoide/diagnóstico por imagem , Lipossarcoma Mixoide/radioterapia , Neoplasias de Tecidos Moles/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias de Tecidos Moles/radioterapia , Tecido Adiposo/diagnóstico por imagem , Adiposidade , Adulto , Vasos Sanguíneos/diagnóstico por imagem , Fracionamento da Dose de Radiação , Feminino , Humanos , Lipossarcoma Mixoide/patologia , Lipossarcoma Mixoide/cirurgia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Margens de Excisão , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Terapia Neoadjuvante , Neoplasia Residual , Nervos Periféricos/diagnóstico por imagem , Período Pré-Operatório , Estudos Prospectivos , Radioterapia Adjuvante , Neoplasias de Tecidos Moles/patologia , Neoplasias de Tecidos Moles/cirurgia , Carga TumoralRESUMO
The aim of this study was to explore the experience of rare cancer patients with the healthcare system and examine differences between age groups (adolescents and young adults (AYA, 18-39 years), older adults (OA, 40-69 years) and elderly (≥70 years)). Dutch sarcoma patients, 2-10 years after diagnosis, completed a questionnaire on their experience with the healthcare system, satisfaction with care, information needs, patient and diagnostic intervals (first symptom to first doctor's visit and first doctor's visit to diagnosis, respectively) and received supportive care. In total, 1099 patients completed the questionnaire (response rate 58%): 186 AYAs, 748 OAs and 165 elderly. Many survivors experienced insufficient medical and non-medical guidance (32% and 38%), although satisfaction with care was rated good to excellent by 94%. Both patient and diagnostic intervals were >1 month for over half of the participants and information needs were largely met (97%). AYAs had the longest patient and diagnostic intervals, experienced the greatest lack of (non-)medical guidance, had more desire for patient support groups and used supportive care most often. This nationwide study among sarcoma survivors showed that healthcare experiences differ per age group and identified needs related to the rarity of these tumors, such as improvements concerning (non-)medical guidance and diagnostic intervals.
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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: A matched comparison of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) versus brachytherapy recently demonstrated that EBRT appears at least as effective for palliating dysphagia in patients with incurable esophageal cancer. The aim of this analysis was to compare patient-reported outcomes (PROs) after EBRT versus brachytherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a multicenter prospective cohort study, patients with incurable esophageal cancer requiring palliation of dysphagia were included to undergo EBRT (20 Gy in 5 fractions). This EBRT cohort was compared to the single-dose 12 Gy brachytherapy cohort of the previously reported SIREC-trial. Propensity score matching was applied to adjust for baseline imbalances. The primary endpoint of dysphagia improvement was reported previously. PROs were secondary outcomes and assessed at baseline and 3 months after treatment using EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-OES18 questionnaires. RESULTS: A total of 115 enrolled EBRT patients and 93 brachytherapy patients were eligible. After matching, 69 well-balanced pairs remained. At follow-up, significant deteriorations in functioning (i.e. physical, role, social), pain, appetite loss, and trouble with taste were observed after brachytherapy. In the EBRT group, such deterioration was observed only for role functioning, while significant improvements in trouble with eating and pain were found. Between-group comparison showed mostly comparable PRO changes, but significantly favored EBRT with regard to nausea, vomiting, pain, and appetite loss. CONCLUSION: Short course EBRT results in similar or better PROs at 3 months after treatment compared to single-dose brachytherapy for the palliation of malignant dysphagia. These findings further support its use and inclusion in clinical practice guidelines.
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Braquiterapia , Transtornos de Deglutição , Neoplasias Esofágicas , Neoplasias da Próstata , Braquiterapia/efeitos adversos , Transtornos de Deglutição/etiologia , Neoplasias Esofágicas/complicações , Neoplasias Esofágicas/radioterapia , Humanos , Masculino , Medidas de Resultados Relatados pelo Paciente , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
PURPOSE: Although various studies have reported that stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for liver metastases has high local control rates and relatively low toxicity, most series included a small number of patients. We aimed to validate these outcomes in a large multi-institution patient cohort treated in accordance with a common protocol. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A shared web-based registry of patients with liver metastases treated with SBRT was developed by 13 centers (12 in the Netherlands and 1 in Belgium). All the centers had previously agreed on the items to be collected, the fractionation schemes, and the organs-at-risk constraints to be applied. Follow-up was performed at the discretion of the centers. Patient, tumor, and treatment characteristics were entered in the registry. Only liver metastases treated individually as independent targets and with at least 1 radiologic follow-up examination were considered for local control analysis. Toxicity of grade 3 or greater was scored according to the Common Terminology Criteria of Adverse Events (v4.03). RESULTS: Between January 1, 2013, and July 31, 2019, a total of 515 patients were entered in the web-based registry. The median age was 71 years. In total, 668 liver metastases were registered, and 447 were included for local control analysis. The most common primary tumor origin was colorectal cancer (80.3%), followed by lung cancer (8.9%) and breast cancer (4%). The most-used fractionation scheme was 3x18-20 Gy (36.0%), followed by 8x7.5 Gy (31.8%), 5x11-12 Gy (25.5%), and 12x5 Gy (6.7%). The median follow-up time was 1.1 years for local control and 2.3 years for survival. Actuarial 1-year local control was 87%; 1-year overall survival was 84%. Toxicity of grade 3 or greater was found in 3.9% of the patients. CONCLUSIONS: This multi-institutional study confirms the high rates of local control and limited toxicity in a large patient cohort. Stereotactic body radiation therapy should be considered a valuable part of the multidisciplinary approach to treating liver metastases.
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Neoplasias Hepáticas/radioterapia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/secundário , Radiocirurgia , Sistema de Registros/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Bélgica , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Fracionamento da Dose de Radiação , Feminino , Seguimentos , Vesícula Biliar/lesões , Vesícula Biliar/efeitos da radiação , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Neoplasias Hepáticas/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/mortalidade , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Países Baixos , Órgãos em Risco , Lesões por Radiação/classificação , Lesões por Radiação/patologia , Radiocirurgia/efeitos adversos , Radiocirurgia/métodos , Radiocirurgia/mortalidade , Estômago/lesões , Estômago/efeitos da radiação , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
IMPORTANCE: Currently, preoperative radiotherapy for all soft-tissue sarcomas is identical at a 50-Gy dose level, which can be associated with morbidity, particularly wound complications. The observed clinical radiosensitivity of the myxoid liposarcoma subtype might offer the possibility to reduce morbidity. OBJECTIVE: To assess whether a dose reduction of preoperative radiotherapy for myxoid liposarcoma would result in comparable oncological outcome with less morbidity. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: The Dose Reduction of Preoperative Radiotherapy in Myxoid Liposarcomas (DOREMY) trial is a prospective, single-group, phase 2 nonrandomized controlled trial being conducted in 9 tertiary sarcoma centers in Europe and the US. Participants include adults with nonmetastatic, biopsy-proven and translocation-confirmed myxoid liposarcoma of the extremity or trunk who were enrolled between November 24, 2010, and August 1, 2019. Data analyses, using both per-protocol and intention-to-treat approaches, were conducted from November 24, 2010, to January 31, 2020. INTERVENTIONS: The experimental preoperative radiotherapy regimen consisted of 36 Gy in once-daily 2-Gy fractions, with subsequent definitive surgical resection after an interval of 4 or more weeks. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: As a short-term evaluable surrogate for local control, the primary end point was centrally reviewed pathologic treatment response. The experimental regimen was regarded as a success when 70% or more of the resection specimens showed extensive treatment response, defined as 50% or greater of the tumor volume containing treatment effects. Morbidity outcomes consisted of wound complications and late toxic effects. RESULTS: Among the 79 eligible patients, 44 (56%) were men and the median (interquartile range) age was 45 (39-56) years. Two patients did not undergo surgical resection because of intercurrent metastatic disease. Extensive pathological treatment response was observed in 70 of 77 patients (91%; posterior mean, 90.4%; 95% highest probability density interval, 83.8%-96.4%). The local control rate was 100%. The rate of wound complication requiring intervention was 17%, and the rate of grade 2 or higher toxic effects was 14%. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The findings of the DOREMY nonrandomized clinical trial suggest that deintensification of preoperative radiotherapy dose is effective and oncologically safe and is associated with less morbidity than historical controls, although differences in radiotherapy techniques and follow-up should be considered. A 36-Gy dose delivered in once-daily 2-Gy fractions is proposed as a dose-fractionation approach for myxoid liposarcoma, given that phase 3 trials are logistically impossible to execute in rare cancers. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02106312.