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Eur J Clin Pharmacol ; 78(6): 1029-1038, 2022 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35192004

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Given the biological differences between females and males, sex-specific evaluations should be carried out to obtain better cancer prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strategies. To this purpose, our aim was to evaluate sex differences for toxicity in a cohort of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients undergoing chemotherapy. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study in 329 CRC patients. Differences between males and females were tested performing the Mann-Whitney U test or the Fisher exact test. Multivariate logistic regression models were computed to evaluate the association between sex and risk of chemotherapy agent-related toxicity. RESULTS: According association sex toxicity, significant differences were observed in the median number of episodes of nausea (p = 0.044), vomit (p = 0.007), heartburn (p = 0.022), thrombocytopenia (p = 0.005), mucositis (p = 0.024). Moreover, statistically significant differences between males and females were observed in the distribution of the highest toxicity grades of nausea (p = 0.024), heartburn (p = 0.016), and thrombocytopenia (p = 0.034). Females have an increased risk of vomit (p = 0.002), alopecia (p = 0.035), heartburn (p = 0.005), mucositis (p = 0.003), and lower risk for thrombocytopenia (p = 0.005). CONCLUSION: According to the association of sex chemotherapy agent-related toxicities, females resulted on average at a significant increased risk of more common adverse events (constipation, dysgeusia, alopecia, heartburn, vomit, asthenia, nausea, pain events, and mucositis). Sex-tailored CRC chemotherapy treatment is necessary to obtain efficacy avoiding toxicity, based on patients' biological and genetic characteristics, a vision that would change CRC setting, a stable disease but still orphan of a real tailored approach.


Assuntos
Anemia , Neoplasias Colorretais , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos , Mucosite , Trombocitopenia , Alopecia/induzido quimicamente , Anemia/tratamento farmacológico , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Colorretais/tratamento farmacológico , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos/epidemiologia , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos/etiologia , Feminino , Fluoruracila/uso terapêutico , Azia/induzido quimicamente , Azia/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Leucovorina , Masculino , Mucosite/induzido quimicamente , Mucosite/epidemiologia , Náusea/induzido quimicamente , Náusea/tratamento farmacológico , Náusea/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Trombocitopenia/induzido quimicamente , Trombocitopenia/tratamento farmacológico , Vômito/induzido quimicamente
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