[Cross-stimulation in endocardiac AV sequential demand DVI pacemaker associated with great dilatation of the right atrial appendage]. / Estimulación cruzada en un marcapasos secuencial endocárdico asociada con gran dilatación de la orejuela derecha.

We report on a case of ventricular stimulation by an atrial electrode in endocardiac DVI sequential pacemaker implanted in a patient with cardiomegaly and great atrial appendage. The appropriately placement of the electrode was confirmed by open-heart surgery in the valve replacement. This rare malfunction could be exceptionally studied anatomically.

[Up-date of the diagnosis and treatment of vasospastic angina]. / Actualización del diagnóstico y tratamiento de la angina vasoespástica.

Vasospastic or Prinzmetal's variant angina as it is also known is a special type of ischemic heart disease characterized by spontaneous episodes of chest pain accompanied by transitory ST segment elevations during the episodes. These alterations are essential for its diagnosis and it is difficult to diagnose it in their absence. If clinical suspicion is high, it should be confirmed by coronary vasospasm provocation tests, since, on the contrary, there may be cases that are not diagnosed or considered to be other types of diseases. Furthermore, progression of this type of angina to a myocardial infarction due to coronary stenosis is a relatively uncommon event.

Actualización del diagnóstico y tratamiento de la angina vasoespástica / Up-date of the diagnosis and treatment of vasospastic angina

La angina vasoespástica o variante de Printzmetal es una forma particular de cardiopatía isquémica, caracterizada por episodios espontáneos de dolor torácico acompañados de elevaciones transitorias del segmento ST durante dichos episodios, siendo estas alteraciones fundamentales para su diagnóstico, el cual se dificulta mucho en ausencia de las mismas, debiendo ser confirmado, si la sospecha clínica es elevada, mediante tests de provocación de vasoespasmo coronario, ya que de lo contrario puede haber casos infradiagnosticados o catalogados de otro tipo de patologías. La progresión de este tipo de angina hacia un infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM) por placa complicada es un hecho relativamente poco frecuente

Vasospastic or Prinzmetal's variant angina as it is also known is a special type of ischemic heart disease characterized by spontaneous episodes of chest pain accompanied by transitory ST segment elevations during the episodes. These alterations are essential for its diagnosis and it is difficult to diagnose it in their absence. If clinical suspicion is high, it should be confirmed by coronary vasospasm provocation tests, since, on the contrary, there may be cases that are not diagnosed or considered to be other types of diseases. Furthermore, progression of this type of angina to a myocardial infarction due to coronary stenosis is a relatively uncommon event (AU)