RESUMO
Ocular involvement in systemic diseases is frequent in cats; however, without concurrent clinical and ophthalmic examinations with gross and/or histologic analysis of the eye, these findings can be underdiagnosed. This article aims to provide gross, histologic, and immunohistochemical characteristics of ocular lesions from cats submitted to necropsy, focusing on those caused by systemic infectious agents. Cats that died due to a systemic infectious disease were selected based on necropsy diagnosis and presence of ocular lesions. Gross, histologic, and immunohistochemical findings were recorded. From April 2018 to September 2019, 849 eyes of 428 cats were evaluated. Histologic abnormalities were seen in 29% of cases, which were classified as inflammatory (41%), neoplastic (32%), degenerative (19%), and metabolic/vascular (8%). Macroscopic changes were present in one-third of eyes with histologic lesions. Of these, 40% were attributed to inflammatory or neoplastic diseases associated with infectious agents. The most important infectious agents causing ocular disease in this study were feline leukemia virus, feline infectious peritonitis virus, and Cryptococcus sp. The most common ocular abnormalities associated with infectious agents were uveitis (anterior, posterior, or panuveitis), optic neuritis, and meningitis of the optic nerve. Ocular lesions secondary to systemic infections in cats are frequent; however, these are not always diagnosed because gross lesions are less common than histologic lesions. Therefore, both gross and histologic evaluation of the eyes of cats is recommended, mainly for cases in which the clinical suspicion or necropsy diagnosis suggests that an infectious agent might be related to the cause of death.
Assuntos
Doenças do Gato , Doenças Transmissíveis , Peritonite Infecciosa Felina , Neoplasias , Sepse , Uveíte , Gatos , Animais , Olho/patologia , Uveíte/patologia , Uveíte/veterinária , Neoplasias/patologia , Neoplasias/veterinária , Sepse/patologia , Sepse/veterinária , Doenças Transmissíveis/patologia , Doenças Transmissíveis/veterinária , Doenças do Gato/patologia , Peritonite Infecciosa Felina/patologiaRESUMO
The subfamily Parvovirinae within the family Parvoviridae consists of viruses that can infect a wide range of vertebrate hosts and cause effects ranging from severe disease to asymptomatic infection. In the present study, high-throughput sequencing (HTS) was utilized to analyze samples obtained from an abortion outbreak in a sheep flock to identify a putative viral etiology. A highly divergent nearly complete parvovirid genome sequence, approximately 4.9 kb in length, was determined. The nonstructural protein (NS1) amino acid (aa) sequence of this virus shared less than 30% identity with those of other copiparvoviruses and less than 22% identity with those of members of other genera in the subfamily Parvovirinae. Phylogenetically, this virus, which we have provisionally named "sheep copiparvovirus 1", formed a cluster with copiparvovirus sequences and should be classified as a member of a new species in the genus Copiparvovirus.
Assuntos
Infecções por Parvoviridae/veterinária , Parvovirinae/genética , Doenças dos Ovinos/virologia , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Brasil/epidemiologia , DNA Viral/genética , Feminino , Genoma Viral/genética , Masculino , Infecções por Parvoviridae/epidemiologia , Infecções por Parvoviridae/virologia , Parvovirinae/classificação , Filogenia , Ovinos , Doenças dos Ovinos/epidemiologia , Proteínas Virais/genéticaRESUMO
Mastitis may be caused by a wide range of microorganisms able to induce distinct lesions in mammary tissues. This study aims to characterize the gross and microscopic features of mastitis in dairy cows and to correlate them with the pathogens involved. The udders of slaughtered dairy cows were inspected and milk samples from each mammary quarter or fragments of the parenchyma were sent for microbiological analysis, and tissue collected for histopathological evaluation. A total of 148 cows and 592 mammary quarters were collected. From these, 432 quarters (73%) had mastitis and in 160 (27%), no changes were observed. Mastitis was classified into seven patterns based on the histopathological findings, of which mixed, lymphoplasmacytic, and suppurative mastitides were the most prevalent with 35.9% (155/432), 27.1% (117/432), and 14.3% (62/432) of the cases, respectively. These patterns were associated with the same set of pathogens: Streptococcus spp., coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS), Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus uberis, and Corynebacterium bovis. The pyogranulomatous pattern represented 7.2% (31/432) of the cases with distinct distribution based on the agent involved, mostly S. aureus and Nocardia sp. Abscedative mastitis accounted for 6.0% (26/432) of the cases; it was characterized by multiple abscesses in the parenchyma and was mainly caused by Trueperella pyogenes. Necrosuppurative mastitis represented 5.8% (25/432) of the cases which were characterized by severe parenchyma necrosis and were caused by bacteria such as CNS and Escherichia coli. The granulomatous pattern represented 3.7% (16/432) of the cases and was occasionally associated with Mycobacterium sp.
Assuntos
Glândulas Mamárias Animais/microbiologia , Mastite Bovina/diagnóstico , Mastite Bovina/microbiologia , Leite/microbiologia , Staphylococcus aureus , Streptococcus , Animais , Bovinos , Escherichia coli , Feminino , Inflamação , Infecções Estafilocócicas/veterinária , Staphylococcus , Streptococcus agalactiaeRESUMO
Southern right whales Eubalaena australis (SRW) use the southern coast of Brazil as a wintering and calving ground. Other than anthropogenic threats, there is limited knowledge on health and disease aspects for this species. We report the gross and microscopic findings and microbiological identification of streptococcal septicemia in a SRW calf. Main gross findings included fibrinosuppurative omphalitis and urachocystitis, suppurative cystitis, valvular endocarditis and myocarditis, embolic pneumonia, suppurative myositis and osteoarthritis, and lymphadenomegaly. Histological examination confirmed the above inflammatory processes and indicated disseminated Gram-positive coccoid septicemia. PCR analysis, based on the 16S rRNA gene from bacteria isolated on blood agar, identified Streptococcus dysgalactiae. Pathologic and microbiologic analysis indicated that ß-hemolytic S. dysgalactiae septicemia, presumably initiated as ascending omphalic infection, was responsible for stranding and death in this individual. These results further confirm pathogenicity of streptococci in cetaceans and add to the limited health and disease related pathology knowledge for this species.
Assuntos
Sepse , Infecções Estreptocócicas , Animais , Brasil , RNA Ribossômico 16S , Sepse/veterinária , Infecções Estreptocócicas/veterinária , Streptococcus , BaleiasRESUMO
The aim of this study was to evaluate the cholinesterase activity in serum, whole blood, and lymphocytes, as well as to verify its relation to immune response in rats experimentally infected by Sporothrix schenckii. For this study, 63 Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus), male, adult were divided into three groups: the negative control group (GC: n = 21), the group infected subcutaneously (GSC: n = 21), and the group infected intraperitoneally (GIP: n = 21). The groups were divided into subgroups and the following variables were evaluated at 15, 30, and 40 days post-infection (PI): acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in lymphocytes and whole blood, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activity in serum, cytokines levels (IL-1, IL-6, TNFα, and INF-γ), immunoglobulins levels (IgA, IgG, IgM, and IgE), and protein profile by electrophoresis. Both infected groups showed increased levels of inflammatory parameters (P < 0.05) in tissue and inflammatory infiltrates. The activities of AChE in lymphocytes and BChE in serum increased (P < 0.05) significantly in animals from the GSC group on day 40 PI compared to the GC group. Regarding the GIP, there was a marked increase in the AChE activity in lymphocytes on days 30 and 40 PI, and in whole blood on days 15, 30, and 40 PI compared to GC. Furthermore, IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, was also present in high levels during chronic systemic S. schenckii infections in animals. Therefore, it is concluded that cholinesterase has an important modulatory role in the immune response during granulomatous infection by S. schenckii.
Assuntos
Colinesterases/análise , Inflamação/patologia , Sporothrix/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Esporotricose/patologia , Animais , Anticorpos Antifúngicos/sangue , Citocinas/análise , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Linfócitos/enzimologia , Masculino , Proteínas/análise , Ratos Wistar , Soro/enzimologiaRESUMO
This study evaluated the effects of curcumin and/or insulin on antioxidant enzyme activity in blood, liver, and kidney, as well as on lipid peroxidation and delta aminolevulinic dehydratase (δ-ALA-D) activity, and a histopathological analysis of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The animals were divided into six groups (n = 6): control/saline (C); control/curcumin (CCur); diabetic/saline (D); diabetic/insulin (DIns); diabetic/curcumin (DCur); and diabetic/insulin/curcumin (DInsCur). After 30 days of treatment with curcumin and/or insulin, the animals were sacrificed and the liver, kidney, and serum were used for experimental determinations. Results of histopathological analysis showed that the treatment with insulin ameliorate renal and hepatic lesions from both DIns and DInsCur groups. TBARS levels were significantly increased in serum, liver, and kidney in D group and the administration of curcumin and insulin prevented this increase in DIns and DCur groups. The activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase, and δ-ALA-D presented a significant decrease in the liver and kidney D group when compared to C group (P < 0.05). The animals treated with curcumin and insulin presented an increase of CAT activity, revealing a positive interaction between both substances. The treatments with curcumin or insulin prevented oxidative stress in blood, through modulation of enzymatic antioxidant defenses. These findings contributed to the comprehension that antioxidants from medicinal plants could be used as adjuvant in the treatment of this endocrinopathy and not as single therapy.
Assuntos
Curcumina/administração & dosagem , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/metabolismo , Insulina/administração & dosagem , Rim/metabolismo , Fígado/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo , Animais , Glicemia/análise , Peso Corporal , Catalase/sangue , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/sangue , Rim/enzimologia , Peroxidação de Lipídeos , Fígado/enzimologia , Masculino , Sintase do Porfobilinogênio/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Estreptozocina , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismoRESUMO
The aim of this study was to characterize the pathological and immunohistochemical aspects of pancreatic carcinoma in cats, through a retrospective study. From January 2010 to December 2021, 1,908 cat necropsies were performed, in which 20 cases of exocrine pancreatic neoplasia were diagnosed (1.04%). Affected cats were mature adults and seniors, except for one 1-year-old cat. In 11 cases the neoplasm was a soft, focal nodule on the left (8/11) or right (3/11) lobe. In nine cases there were multifocal nodules throughout the pancreatic parenchyma. The size of the single masses ranged from 2 to 12 cm, and the multifocal masses from 0.5 to 2 cm. The most frequent tumour type was acinar carcinoma (11/20), followed by ductal carcinoma (8/20), undifferentiated carcinoma (1/20) and carcinosarcoma (1/20). On immunohistochemical evaluation, all the neoplasms were remarkably reactive to pancytokeratin antibody. The ductal carcinomas were strongly reactive for cytokeratins 7 and 20, which proved to be a good marker for pancreatic ductal carcinoma in cats. The main form of metastasis was abdominal carcinomatosis, with a marked invasion of blood and lymphatic vessels by neoplastic cells. Our findings reinforce the fact that pancreatic carcinoma should be rated highly in the differential diagnosis in mature adult and senior cats with abdominal masses, ascites and/or jaundice.
Assuntos
Carcinoma , Doenças do Gato , Neoplasias Pancreáticas , Gatos , Animais , Estudos Retrospectivos , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/veterinária , Carcinoma/veterinária , Neoplasias PancreáticasRESUMO
Septicaemia is the main pathological manifestation of Salmonella infection in chinchillas (Chinchilla lanigera), although information on its pathology is limited. We now describe the gross, histological and immunohistochemical features of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serotype Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) infection in ranched chinchillas. Eighty-five adult pregnant chinchillas had anorexia, prostration, weight loss, hyperthermia and abortion. Necropsy of 13 animals revealed splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, mesenteric lymphadenomegaly, prominent Peyer's patches, pulmonary oedema, white pinpoint lesions in multiple organs and petechiae in the urinary bladder. In all cases, histological lesions were consistent with septicaemia, characterized by acute necrotizing hepatitis, splenitis, lymphadenitis, cystitis, pneumonia, enterocolitis, gastritis and/or nephritis. Immunohistochemistry for Salmonella spp on seven cases revealed intralesional immunolabelling in all affected organs. Salmonella sp was isolated from liver, spleen, intestinal contents and blood of 10 chinchillas. Isolates of four animals were identified as S. Typhimurium.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Roedores , Salmonelose Animal , Salmonella enterica , Sepse , Animais , Chinchila , Salmonelose Animal/patologia , Salmonella typhimurium , Sepse/veterinária , SorogrupoRESUMO
Visna-maedi is a multisystemic and progressive inflammatory disease caused by a non-oncogenic retrovirus (Visna-maedi virus, VMV). An outbreak of visna-maedi occurred in Southern Brazil in sheep with clinical signs of blindness and stumbling gait. At post-mortem examination, all animals had similar lesions, including heavy non-collapsed lungs and multifocal yellow areas in the cerebral white matter, affecting mainly the periventricular region. These lesions corresponded histologically to lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia and histiocytic periventricular encephalitis surrounding areas of necrosis, in addition to significant demyelination in the brain. Serology was performed in all the sheep from the flock and 14% were seropositive for VMV. The presence of VMV was confirmed through PCR and partial sequencing of the 5'LTR. Sequencing demonstrated that the virus had 89.7 to 90.0% of nucleotide identity with VMV strains reported in the USA. This is the first description of clinical disease related to VMV in Brazil leading to economic losses. This study calls for the need to implement control measures to prevent the spread of small ruminant lentiviruses in Brazil.
Assuntos
Pneumonia Intersticial Progressiva dos Ovinos , Vírus Visna-Maedi , Visna , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Surtos de Doenças/veterinária , Pneumonia Intersticial Progressiva dos Ovinos/epidemiologia , Pneumonia Intersticial Progressiva dos Ovinos/prevenção & controle , Ovinos , Visna/epidemiologia , Vírus Visna-Maedi/genéticaRESUMO
Neurologic diseases are common in domestic cats, and infectious agents are suspected to be the primary cause in 30-45% of cases. Among infectious etiologies, those of bacterial origin are only sporadically characterized in the literature, with few of these reports correlating gross and histologic findings with confirmatory bacteriologic identification. Here, we describe bacterial meningitis and meningoencephalomyelitis associated with Pasteurella multocida in 3 domestic cats. Purulent exudate expanding the cerebral meninges was grossly evident in 2 of the cases. In all 3 cases, histologic changes included multifocal suppurative-to-necrosuppurative meningitis and/or meningoencephalomyelitis of variable severity. Intralesional colonies of gram-negative, short rod-shaped to coccobacillary bacteria were evident histologically in only 1 case. P. multocida was confirmed by routine bacteriologic culture in all cases. Based on our cases, we hypothesize that the upper respiratory system serves as the main portal of entry for P. multocida, leading to invasion of the central nervous system and possible systemic hematogenous dissemination. A case series of meningoencephalomyelitis associated with P. multocida infection in cats has not been reported previously, to our knowledge. We also review briefly other causes of meningoencephalomyelitis in cats.
Assuntos
Doenças do Gato , Meningites Bacterianas , Infecções por Pasteurella , Pasteurella multocida , Animais , Gatos , Meningites Bacterianas/veterinária , Infecções por Pasteurella/veterináriaRESUMO
We determined the prevalence of diseases and pathogens associated with mortality in beef cattle in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, based on pathology laboratory submissions. Postmortem examinations were conducted on 1,277 beef cattle that died between 2008 and 2018. Information regarding age, time of the year, breed, and regional location were analyzed statistically. Most cattle were from the surrounding region of Porto Alegre, and 78.7% of the analyzed cases had diagnostic value. The diagnostic category with most cases was infectious and/or parasitic diseases (60%), followed by toxic and toxicoinfectious (25%). Most cases occurred in the fall. Major disease conditions identified included hemoprotozoal infection (18.2%), rabies (8.2%), and plant intoxications by Senecio spp. (8.5%) and Pteridium arachnoideum (4.6%). Hemoprotozoal infection occurred at a higher frequency in young cattle, mainly in animals up to 1 y old. Intoxication by Senecio spp. was more frequent in cattle 2-3 y old.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/mortalidade , Intoxicação por Plantas/veterinária , Infecções Protozoárias em Animais/mortalidade , Raiva/veterinária , Fatores Etários , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Bovinos/genética , Doenças dos Bovinos/classificação , Causas de Morte , Geografia , Intoxicação por Plantas/mortalidade , Raiva/mortalidade , Estações do AnoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to characterize the cytologic, pathologic and immunohistochemical (IHC) aspects of feline giant-cell sarcoma. METHODS: Biopsy and necropsy reports from the Department of Veterinary Pathology were retrieved, and 13 cases of pleomorphic sarcoma (PS) were selected according to the established epidemiologic, pathologic and IHC criteria. All samples were fixed in 10% formalin, routinely processed for histology, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Samples also underwent IHC testing for vimentin, ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1), desmin, actin and S-100. RESULTS: The mean age of the affected cats was 9.5 years, and females were over-represented. Most neoplasms were observed in the flank, lateral thorax, limbs and interscapular region, and were >2 cm in diameter. Cytology analysis revealed highly cellular preparations with three distinct populations (spindle cells, small round cells and multinucleated giant cells) in a dense eosinophilic stroma. Histologically, PS was composed of a combination of these three populations. IHC labeling for vimentin and Iba-1 was strongly positive for spindle cells and multinucleated giant cells, respectively. Desmin/actin showed variable labeling among the samples. S-100 was negative in all samples. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: PS is a neoplasm of mesenchymal origin, also known as malignant fibrous histiocytoma. The predominant subtype in this study that affected the cats was the giant-cell type, characterized by the presence of multinucleated giant cells among spindle-shaped cells. These findings are similar to those described in human patients; thus, a comparison between the neoplasms seen in these species might be useful, and the knowledge of biologic behavior and overall treatment approach for humans could be extrapolated to cats.
Assuntos
Doenças do Gato , Sarcoma , Neoplasias de Tecidos Moles , Animais , Biópsia/veterinária , Gatos , Feminino , Humanos , Sarcoma/veterinária , Neoplasias de Tecidos Moles/veterináriaRESUMO
Clinical History: A one-year-old female Texel sheep had anorexia and jaundice. After one day, the clinical condition progressed to lethargy, lateral recumbency, and death within hours. The sheep was part of a flock of 20 housed indoors and received an increasing amount of feed (specific for sheep) for the last two months.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Ovinos/fisiologia , Cobre/toxicidade , Ração Animal/toxicidade , Ingestão de Alimentos , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição Animal/fisiologiaRESUMO
Forty-six pigs presented muscle weakness, hind limb paresis and paralysis, weight loss, lateral recumbency, and death in a clinical course of 7 to 10 days. Two pigs were necropsied and exhibited bone fragility, bone callus formation, and multiple fractures in the limbs, ribs, and vertebrae. Microscopically, there was a diffuse and marked decrease in thickness and number of trabeculae. These were disconnected, with a "free-floating" appearance, while the cortex of the long bones was thinned, with an increase of the cortical porosity by enlargement of Haversian canals and endosteal erosion and decreased osteoblastic activity. Flame atomic absorption spectrometry in liver samples revealed significant zinc overload (>2300ppm) and copper deficiency (<33.1ppm). In this communication, we present the first pathologic description of an outbreak of osteoporosis in pigs, and we also provide a brief review of metabolic bone diseases in pigs.
Quarenta e seis suínos apresentaram fraqueza muscular, paresia e paralisia de membros pélvicos, perda de peso, decúbito lateral e morte, com um curso clínico de 7 a 10 dias. Dois suínos foram submetidos a necropsia e exibiram fragilidade óssea, formação de calo ósseo, e múltiplas fraturas em membros, costelas e vértebras. Microscopicamente notou-se difusamente um marcado decréscimo na espessura e número de trabéculas ósseas. Essas estavam desconexas, com uma aparência de flutuação, enquanto o córtex dos ossos longos estava afinado, com um aumento da porosidade pela dilatação dos canais de Haversian, erosão endosteal e diminuição da atividade osteoblástica. Espectrofotometria por chama foi realizada em amostras de fígado, e revelou um excesso de zinco (>2300ppm) e deficiência de cobre (<33.1ppm). Neste trabalho, apresentamos a primeira descrição patológica de um surto de osteoporose em suínos, além de fornecer uma breve revisão de doenças metabólicas em suínos.
Assuntos
Animais , Osteoporose/patologia , Osteoporose/epidemiologia , Zinco , Cobre/deficiência , Sus scrofa , Raquitismo/veterinária , Brasil , Fraturas Múltiplas/veterinária , Coxeadura AnimalRESUMO
In Brazil, snakebites are often cited as a cause of mortality in ruminants, but there are discrepancies in the literature regarding its actual prevalence, either by lack of diagnosis or by mistakes in the differential diagnosis. Among the factors that hinder the diagnosis are included the inconsistencies to distinguish between accidents caused by Bothrops and Crotalus, responsible for over 90% of the cases. For the diagnosis of accidents involving Lachesis muta, both the neurotropic and the proteolytic/hemolytic effects must be considered, similar to what is described in Crotalus scutulatus. This article describes the main clinical, pathological, and laboratory findings observed in envenoming by the aforementioned snakes and suggests procedures for establishing the diagnosis and differential diagnosis starting from a logical sequence, based on epidemiological evidence, clinical, laboratory, and pathological findings.
No Brasil, acidentes ofídicos são frequentemente citados como causa de mortalidade em ruminantes, mas existem discrepâncias em relação a sua atual prevalência, seja por falta de diagnóstico ou por erros no diagnóstico diferencial. Entre os fatores que dificultam o diagnóstico estão as inconsistências para distinguir entre os acidentes causados por Bothrops e Crotalus, responsáveis por mais de 90% dos casos. Para o diagnóstico de envenenamentos por Lachesis muta, devem ser considerados os efeitos neurotrópico e proteolítico/hemolíticos concomitantes, a exemplo do que ocorre com algumas cascavéis norte-americanas (Crotalus scutulatus, entre elas). Este artigo descreve os principais achados clinicopatológicos e laboratoriais observados em casos de envenenamento pelas serpentes citadas e sugere um roteiro simplificado para o estabelecimento do diagnóstico e diagnóstico diferencial, a partir de uma sequência lógica, baseada em evidências epidemiológicas e achados clínicos, laboratoriais e patológicos.
Assuntos
Animais , Mordeduras de Serpentes/diagnóstico , Mordeduras de Serpentes/mortalidade , Crotalus , Bothrops , Mordeduras de Serpentes/veterinária , RuminantesRESUMO
Sow mortality is directly related to financial losses and productive efficiency in pig farms. Despite this, diseases associated with the death of sows are poorly understood. This study aimed to determine the main causes of death of sows in Brazilian pig farms. To perform this research, three Brazilian pig farms were visited, and necropsies were performed on all sows that had died spontaneously or were subjected to euthanasia. Tissue fragments were collected for histopathological and bacteriological examination. In addition, the clinical signs, productive stage, parity, and type of death (spontaneous or euthanasia) were recorded. A total of 138 necropsies were performed, and 132 had a conclusive diagnosis. The most frequent productive stages were gestation and lactation (33.3 and 31.9%, respectively), followed by parturient sows (17.4%), cull sows (9.4%), weaning-to-estrus interval (WEI) (4.3%), and unmated gilts (3.6%). The most affected organ systems were reproductive (28%), digestive (25%), locomotor (22%), cardiovascular (9.1%), and hematopoietic (6.1%). The most frequently diagnosed conditions were uterine prolapse (16/132; 12.1%), gastric ulcer (13/132; 9.8%), suppurative arthritis (11/132; 8.3%), liver lobe torsion (11/132; 8.3%), heart failure (9/132; 6.8%), vaginal or vaginal and rectal prolapse (9/132; 6.8%), and pododermatitis (8/132; 6.1%). Although 58.2% of the deaths were due to one of these seven diseases, there was a great variability in diagnoses.(AU)
A mortalidade de porcas está diretamente relacionada a perdas financeiras e à eficiência produtiva das granjas. Apesar disso, as doenças associadas à morte de porcas são pouco conhecidas. Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar as principais causas de morte de porcas em granjas suinícolas brasileiras. Para a realização desta pesquisa, três granjas brasileiras foram visitadas e necropsias foram realizadas em todas as porcas que morreram espontaneamente ou foram submetidas à eutanásia. Fragmentos de tecidos foram coletados para exame histopatológico e bacteriológico. Além disso, foram registrados os sinais clínicos, estágio reprodutivo, ordem de parto e tipo de morte (espontânea ou eutanásia). Um total de 138 necropsias foram realizadas e 132 tiveram um diagnóstico conclusivo. Os estágios produtivos mais frequentes foram gestação e lactação (33,3 e 31,9%, respectivamente), seguidos por porcas parturientes (17,4%), porcas de descarte (9,4%), intervalo desmame-estro (IDE) (4,3%) e leitoas vazias (3,6%). Os sistemas orgânicos mais afetados foram reprodutor (28%), digestivo (25%), locomotor (22%), cardiovascular (9,1%) e hematopoiético (6,1%). As condições mais frequentemente diagnosticadas foram prolapso uterino (16/132; 12,1%), úlcera gástrica (13/132; 9,8%), artrite supurativa (11/132; 8,3%), torção do lobo hepático (11/132; 8,3%), insuficiência cardíaca (9/132; 6,8%), prolapso vaginal ou prolapso vaginal e retal (9/132; 6,8%) e pododermatite (8/132; 6,1%). Embora 58,2% dos óbitos tenham ocorrido por uma dessas sete doenças, houve grande variabilidade de diagnósticos.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Úlcera Gástrica , Suínos , Artrite Infecciosa , Mortalidade , EficiênciaRESUMO
Sow mortality is directly related to financial losses and productive efficiency in pig farms. Despite this, diseases associated with the death of sows are poorly understood. This study aimed to determine the main causes of death of sows in Brazilian pig farms. To perform this research, three Brazilian pig farms were visited, and necropsies were performed on all sows that had died spontaneously or were subjected to euthanasia. Tissue fragments were collected for histopathological and bacteriological examination. In addition, the clinical signs, productive stage, parity, and type of death (spontaneous or euthanasia) were recorded. A total of 138 necropsies were performed, and 132 had a conclusive diagnosis. The most frequent productive stages were gestation and lactation (33.3 and 31.9%, respectively), followed by parturient sows (17.4%), cull sows (9.4%), weaning-to-estrus interval (WEI) (4.3%), and unmated gilts (3.6%). The most affected organ systems were reproductive (28%), digestive (25%), locomotor (22%), cardiovascular (9.1%), and hematopoietic (6.1%). The most frequently diagnosed conditions were uterine prolapse (16/132; 12.1%), gastric ulcer (13/132; 9.8%), suppurative arthritis (11/132; 8.3%), liver lobe torsion (11/132; 8.3%), heart failure (9/132; 6.8%), vaginal or vaginal and rectal prolapse (9/132; 6.8%), and pododermatitis (8/132; 6.1%). Although 58.2% of the deaths were due to one of these seven diseases, there was a great variability in diagnoses.(AU)
A mortalidade de porcas está diretamente relacionada a perdas financeiras e à eficiência produtiva das granjas. Apesar disso, as doenças associadas à morte de porcas são pouco conhecidas. Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar as principais causas de morte de porcas em granjas suinícolas brasileiras. Para a realização desta pesquisa, três granjas brasileiras foram visitadas e necropsias foram realizadas em todas as porcas que morreram espontaneamente ou foram submetidas à eutanásia. Fragmentos de tecidos foram coletados para exame histopatológico e bacteriológico. Além disso, foram registrados os sinais clínicos, estágio reprodutivo, ordem de parto e tipo de morte (espontânea ou eutanásia). Um total de 138 necropsias foram realizadas e 132 tiveram um diagnóstico conclusivo. Os estágios produtivos mais frequentes foram gestação e lactação (33,3 e 31,9%, respectivamente), seguidos por porcas parturientes (17,4%), porcas de descarte (9,4%), intervalo desmame-estro (IDE) (4,3%) e leitoas vazias (3,6%). Os sistemas orgânicos mais afetados foram reprodutor (28%), digestivo (25%), locomotor (22%), cardiovascular (9,1%) e hematopoiético (6,1%). As condições mais frequentemente diagnosticadas foram prolapso uterino (16/132; 12,1%), úlcera gástrica (13/132; 9,8%), artrite supurativa (11/132; 8,3%), torção do lobo hepático (11/132; 8,3%), insuficiência cardíaca (9/132; 6,8%), prolapso vaginal ou prolapso vaginal e retal (9/132; 6,8%) e pododermatite (8/132; 6,1%). Embora 58,2% dos óbitos tenham ocorrido por uma dessas sete doenças, houve grande variabilidade de diagnósticos.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Úlcera Gástrica , Suínos , Artrite Infecciosa , Mortalidade , EficiênciaRESUMO
The increase in the commercialization of sheep products requires an equivalent improvement in flock health and rapid disease identification. Data regarding the cause of death in sheep were reviewed from the database of the "Setor de Patologia Veterinária" from the "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul", from January 2004 and December 2019. Epidemiological features, such as breed, sex, and age, in addition to the clinical and pathological features, were analyzed. During this period, tissues from 523 sheep were evaluated, in which a conclusive diagnosis was obtained in 457 (87%) of the cases. The majority of sheep were from the metropolitan mesoregion of Porto Alegre. The most common breed was Texel 171/523 (33%). From all the conclusive diagnoses, 158/457 (35%) corresponded to infectious non-parasitic diseases, 117/457 (26%) were caused by toxic etiology, 95/457 (21%) were infectious parasitic diseases, 42/457 (9%) were included in the nutritional and metabolic category, 38/457 (8%) were in the "others" category, and 7/457 (1.5%) were congenital defects. The age of sheep included in this study ranged from 1 day to 7 years. Among cases with conclusive diagnosis, the main cause of death was haemonchosis with 83/457 (18%) of cases, followed by pneumonia 29/457 (6%), Baccharis sp. poisoning 25/457 (5%), and bluetongue 22/457 (5%).(AU)
O aumento da comercialização de produtos ovinos requer um aumento equivalente na sanidade do rebanho e uma rápida identificação de doenças. Os dados sobre as causas de morte em ovinos foram revisados no banco de dados do Setor de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, entre janeiro de 2004 e dezembro de 2019. Aspectos epidemiológicos, como raça, sexo e idade, além das características clínicas e patológicas, foram compilados. Nesse período, foram avaliados tecidos de 523 ovinos, em que o diagnóstico conclusivo foi obtido em 457 (87%) dos casos. A grande maioria dos ovinos era da mesorregião metropolitana de Porto Alegre. A raça mais comum foi Texel 171/523 (33%). De todos os diagnósticos conclusivos, 158/457 (35%) corresponderam a doenças infecciosas não-parasitárias, 117/457 (26%) foram causadas por doenças tóxicas, 95/457 (21%) doenças infecciosas parasitárias, 42/457 (9%) foram incluídos na categoria nutricional e metabólica, 38/457 (8%) foram classificadas na categoria "outros", e 7/457 (1,5%) eram defeitos congênitos. A faixa etária das ovelhas incluídas neste estudo foi de um dia a sete anos de idade. Entre os casos com diagnóstico conclusivo, a principal causa de óbito foi hemoncose com 83/457 (18%) dos casos, seguida de pneumonia 29/457 (6%), intoxicação por Baccharis sp. 25/457 (5%), e infecção pelo vírus da língua azul 22/457 (5%).(AU)