RESUMO
This study reports on the qualitative phase of a study that seeks to design a digital intervention for the prevention of STI / HIV and promotion of sexual health in university students. The experience and perception that university students have about sexuality, risk and prevention campaigns are addressed through focus groups. Semi-structured interviews are conducted with key informants. The results reveal that sexual education is limited and restricted to the biological aspect, as well as loaded with prejudices and gender biases, which narrows the information provided to the student population. Wavering prevention strategies that fail to motivate students or offer them opportunities for making informed and independent decisions about their sexual health are apparent. The STI / HIV campaigns assessed are distant, fear-based and not inclusive. Interventions in sexual health do not weigh experiential aspects of youth sexuality, as they are based on models of ideal and stereotyped behavior, discarding first-person narratives and their rich complexity. It is imperative to innovate in the prevention of STI/HIV, formulating interventions based on an integrative, multidisciplinary and contextualized design that values the theory and experience of the target populations.
Damos cuenta de la fase cualitativa de una investigación que busca diseñar una intervención digital de prevención de ITS/VIH y promoción de salud sexual en jóvenes universitarios. A partir de grupos focales se abordó la experiencia y percepción que universitarios tienen sobre sexualidad, riesgo y campañas de prevención. Se realizan entrevistas semiestructuradas a informantes claves. Los resultados muestran que la educación sexual es escasa, reducida a lo biológico, cargada de prejuicios y sesgos de género, limitando el manejo de información por la población estudiantil. Se evidencian estrategias vacilantes de prevención, no logrando motivar ni ofrecer oportunidades para la toma de decisiones conscientes y autónomas en salud sexual. Las campañas de ITS/VIH se evaluaron poco inclusivas, lejanas y basadas en el miedo. Las intervenciones en salud sexual han fallado en sopesar aspectos experienciales de la sexualidad juvenil, basándose en modelos de comportamiento ideal y estereotipado, desechando narrativas en primera persona y su rica complejidad. Es imperativo innovar en la prevención de ITS/VIH, formulando intervenciones basadas en un diseño integrador, multidisciplinar y situado, que valore la teoría y la experiencia de las poblaciones objetivo.
Assuntos
Infecções por HIV , Adolescente , Infecções por HIV/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Comportamento Sexual , Sexualidade , Estudantes , UniversidadesRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The efficacy of using gloves by the general population to prevent COVID-19 is unknown. We aim to determine the efficacy of routine glove use by the general healthy population in preventing COVID-19. This is the protocol of a living systematic review. METHODS: We adapted an already published common protocol for multiple parallel systematic reviews to the specificities of this question. We will conduct searches in PubMed/Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), grey literature, and in a centralized repository in L·OVE (Living OVerview of Evidence). L·OVE is a platform that maps PICO questions to evidence from Epistemonikos database. In response to the COVID-19 emergency, L·OVE was adapted to expand the range of evidence it covers and customized to group all COVID-19 evidence in one place. The search will cover the period until the day before submission to a journal. We will include randomized trials evaluating the effect of use of gloves in healthy population to prevent COVID-19 disease. Randomized trials evaluating the effect of use of gloves during outbreaks caused by MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV, and nonrandomized studies in COVID-19 will be searched in case no direct evidence from randomized trials is found.Two reviewers will independently screen each study for eligibility, extract data, and assess the risk of bias. We will perform random-effects meta-analyses and use GRADE to assess the certainty of the evidence for each outcome.A living, web-based version of this review will be openly available during the COVID-19 pandemic. We will resubmit it if the conclusions change or there are substantial updates.
RESUMO
Resumen Damos cuenta de la fase cualitativa de una investigación que busca diseñar una intervención digital de prevención de ITS/VIH y promoción de salud sexual en jóvenes universitarios. A partir de grupos focales se abordó la experiencia y percepción que universitarios tienen sobre sexualidad, riesgo y campañas de prevención. Se realizan entrevistas semiestructuradas a informantes claves. Los resultados muestran que la educación sexual es escasa, reducida a lo biológico, cargada de prejuicios y sesgos de género, limitando el manejo de información por la población estudiantil. Se evidencian estrategias vacilantes de prevención, no logrando motivar ni ofrecer oportunidades para la toma de decisiones conscientes y autónomas en salud sexual. Las campañas de ITS/VIH se evaluaron poco inclusivas, lejanas y basadas en el miedo. Las intervenciones en salud sexual han fallado en sopesar aspectos experienciales de la sexualidad juvenil, basándose en modelos de comportamiento ideal y estereotipado, desechando narrativas en primera persona y su rica complejidad. Es imperativo innovar en la prevención de ITS/VIH, formulando intervenciones basadas en un diseño integrador, multidisciplinar y situado, que valore la teoría y la experiencia de las poblaciones objetivo.
Abstract This study reports on the qualitative phase of a study that seeks to design a digital intervention for the prevention of STI / HIV and promotion of sexual health in university students. The experience and perception that university students have about sexuality, risk and prevention campaigns are addressed through focus groups. Semi-structured interviews are conducted with key informants. The results reveal that sexual education is limited and restricted to the biological aspect, as well as loaded with prejudices and gender biases, which narrows the information provided to the student population. Wavering prevention strategies that fail to motivate students or offer them opportunities for making informed and independent decisions about their sexual health are apparent. The STI / HIV campaigns assessed are distant, fear-based and not inclusive. Interventions in sexual health do not weigh experiential aspects of youth sexuality, as they are based on models of ideal and stereotyped behavior, discarding first-person narratives and their rich complexity. It is imperative to innovate in the prevention of STI/HIV, formulating interventions based on an integrative, multidisciplinary and contextualized design that values the theory and experience of the target populations.