Pigmentation: selective photothermolysis or non-specific skin necrosis using different intense pulsed light systems?

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: This study considers end point tissue responses and side effects to determine whether 'square pulse' IPL is more or less effective than the traditional IPL. Supporting histological data and computational modelling results are provided. It provides guidance for IPL users unfamiliar with constant spectrum IPL devices and redirects attention to treatment end points. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty subjects of Fitzpatrick Skin Types I-III, presenting with various epidermal pigmented lesions, were treated 1-3 times with two different IPLs. Coupling gel was used and firm pressure was applied to exclude blood from the treatment area. Immediate and post-treatment side effects, degree of discomfort and end results at fourteen and thirty days were evaluated by professional observation, digital photography and a patient questionnaire. RESULTS: Both IPLs showed a mean clearance of over 80% after 1-3 treatments but the free discharge IPL demonstrated a greater side effect profile with a higher incidence of ulceration, crusting and erythema. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical observation and mathematical modelling suggests that the square pulse, partial discharge IPL system may provide the IPL operator with greater control over the coagulation of pigment and is therefore the more efficient device for effective pigment lightening with fewer side effects.

Hair removal with a novel, low fluence, home-use intense pulsed light device.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the reduction in unwanted body and facial hair at various body sites of Fitzpatrick skin types I-III and the efficacy, comfort and safety of this treatment intended for home-use by the general public. METHODS: In this non-randomized study, 29 individuals were given three sequential weekly treatments on a total of 31 body and facial areas including the axilla, bikini area, abdomen, neck, chin and upper lip using a novel intense pulsed light device. All participants completed a simple self-assessment questionnaire, as well as an evaluation of pain/discomfort. RESULTS: The mean reduction in terminal hair counts was 47% at 4 weeks' follow-up and 41% at 6 months' follow-up after completing three sequential weekly treatments. Overall, 84% of participants showed a significant percentage of hair reduction (p<0.01) at the 6-month follow-up, with a mean of 51% (range 25-86%). No treatment-related side effects were reported, with little or no discomfort reported during the treatment. Only mild erythema was noted immediately post-treatment. In total, 85% of the participants were either pleased or very pleased with the results 1 month after the third treatment. CONCLUSIONS: In simulated consumer use, this home-use IPL demonstrated a significant, quantifiable and sustainable reduction in unwanted body and facial hair with minimal side effects.