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1.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 64(2): 114-9, 2006 Feb.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16527062

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: According to current guidelines, hypertension in children should be treated with the same drugs as those used in adults, with adjustment of the dose to their body size. The term therapeutic orphans refers to the lack of information on how to use drugs in children. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the information in the International Vademecum (I-V) is sufficient for the correct use of antihypertensive drugs in children. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We reviewed the data on pediatric dosages of antihypertensive drugs in the I-V (44th and 45th editions). When there were several drugs for the same molecule, the last one marked with the Spanish Ministry of Health and Consumption's logo was selected. When information on a particular drug was not available, the entries for other drugs with the same active principle were reviewed. The information was compared with that provided by the Fourth Report of the National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group (NHBPEP). RESULTS: A total of 111 entries for 41 antihypertensive drugs were reviewed. Information on use in children is available for only 3 diuretics and 2 angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. The remaining entries either contain no information or indicate that the effectiveness and safety in children has not been evaluated. Some drugs are contraindicated in children. The Fourth Report of the NHBPEP includes pediatric dosages for 28 antihypertensive drugs. The Food and Drug Administration has authorized 10 antihypertensive drugs for use in children. CONCLUSIONS: The information in the V-I can be used to determine the correct dosage of only 5 antihypertensive drugs in children, making this age group authentic therapeutic orphans.


Assuntos
Anti-Hipertensivos/uso terapêutico , Hipertensão/tratamento farmacológico , Anti-Hipertensivos/administração & dosagem , Criança , Humanos , Espanha
2.
Hipertens. riesgo vasc ; 27(5): 211-217, sept.-oct. 2010. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-109207

RESUMO

En los últimos años se han descrito nuevos componentes del sistema renina angiotensina. Se han identificado 5 nuevos polipéptidos, sus vías de síntesis y las enzimas responsables de ella. Se han descrito también receptores para la angiotensina 1–7, la angiotensina IV y la renina. El conocimiento de los sistemas renina angiotensina locales se ha completado con el descubrimiento de los sistemas intracelulares. Se han descrito mutaciones y polimorfismos en los genes de los distintos componentes del sistema, que podrían relacionarse con el desarrollo de hipertensión y de enfermedad cardiovascular. Además, se ha introducido en terapéutica el aliskiren, primer representante del nuevo grupo de los inhibidores directos de la renina. También se han publicado los primeros resultados positivos obtenidos con una vacuna antihipertensiva que genera anticuerpos frente a la angiotensina II. Todos estos hallazgos han permitido postular nuevas hipótesis sobre la relación entre los componentes del sistema y la enfermedad cardiovascular (AU)


In recent years, new components of the renin-angiotensin system have been described. Five new polypeptides with their synthesis routes and the enzymes involved in their synthesis have been identified. Receptors for angiotensin 1–7, angiotensin IV and rennin have also been described. The knowledge of local renin-angiotensin systems has been extended with the discovery of the intracellular systems. Mutations and polymorphisms in the genes of the different components of the renin-angiotensin system have been described. These could be involved in the development of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. In addition, aliskiren, the first component of the new group of renin directinhibitors, has been introduced in the therapeutics. The first positive results of a clinical trial with an antihypertensive vaccine that generates antibodies against angiotensin II have been published. All these findings have made it possible to generate new hypotheses on the relationship between the components of the system and cardiovascular diseases (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Sistema Renina-Angiotensina/fisiologia , Hipertensão/enzimologia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/enzimologia , Sistema Renina-Angiotensina , /uso terapêutico , Sistema Renina-Angiotensina/genética , Hipertensão/etiologia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/etiologia
4.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 64(2): 114-119, feb. 2006. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-043749

RESUMO

Introducción: Según las guías, la hipertensión en los niños debe tratarse con los mismos fármacos usados en adultos ajustando las dosis al tamaño corporal. El término huérfano terapéutico se refiere a la falta de información sobre el uso de medicamentos en niños. El objetivo es investigar si el Vademécum Internacional (V-I) contiene información para el uso correcto de antihipertensivos en niños. Material y método: Revisión en el V-I de la posología pediátrica de antihipertensivos. Si existen varias especialidades para un fármaco se selecciona el del logotipo del Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo más reciente. Si en una monografía no hay información, se revisan las de otras especialidades del mismo principio activo. La información se compara con la del 4.º informe del National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group (NHBPEP). Resultados: Se revisan 111 monografías de 41 fármacos con indicación de antihipertensivo. Sólo para 3 diuréticos y 2 inhibidores de la enzima conversora de angiotensina (IECA) hay información pediátrica. Las otras advierten de que no se ha establecido la eficacia y seguridad o no hacen referencia a niños. En algunos casos se contraindican. El 4.º informe del NHBPEP incluye dosificación pediátrica de 28 antihipertensivos. La Food and Drug Administration (FDA) tiene autorizados 10 antihipertensivos para uso en niños. Conclusiones: Con la información del V-I sólo es posible dosificar correctamente 5 antihipertensivos en niños, lo que los convierte en auténticos huérfanos terapéuticos


Introduction: According to current guidelines, hypertension in children should be treated with the same drugs as those used in adults, with adjustment of the dose to their body size. The term therapeutic orphans refers to the lack of information on how to use drugs in children. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the information in the International Vademecum (I-V) is sufficient for the correct use of antihypertensive drugs in children. Material and method: We reviewed the data on pediatric dosages of antihypertensive drugs in the I-V (44th and 45th editions). When there were several drugs for the same molecule, the last one marked with the Spanish Ministry of Health and Consumption's logo was selected. When information on a particular drug was not available, the entries for other drugs with the same active principle were reviewed. The information was compared with that provided by the Fourth Report of the National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group (NHBPEP). Results: A total of 111 entries for 41 antihypertensive drugs were reviewed. Information on use in children is available for only 3 diuretics and 2 angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. The remaining entries either contain no information or indicate that the effectiveness and safety in children has not been evaluated. Some drugs are contraindicated in children. The Fourth Report of the NHBPEP includes pediatric dosages for 28 antihypertensive drugs. The Food and Drug Administration has authorized 10 antihypertensive drugs for use in children. Conclusions: The information in the V-I can be used to determine the correct dosage of only 5 antihypertensive drugs in children, making this age group authentic therapeutic orphans


Assuntos
Criança , Humanos , Anti-Hipertensivos/uso terapêutico , Hipertensão/tratamento farmacológico , Espanha , Anti-Hipertensivos/administração & dosagem
6.
Hipertensión (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 20(7): 300-304, oct. 2003. tab, graf
Artigo em Es | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-25287

RESUMO

Objetivo. Valorar si fosinopril es capaz de reducir las cifras de fibrinógeno en pacientes con hipertensión arterial esencial (HTA) y valorar la influencia de otros factores de riesgo cardiovascular.Métodos. Hipertensos esenciales (PAD: 90-114; PAS: 140-180 mmHg) de cualquier sexo y edad superior a 30 años sin contraindicaciones para el uso de fosinopril.Tres visitas con registro de presión arterial (PA) y fibrinógeno por nefelometría (basal, 3 meses, 6 meses). Tratamiento con fosinopril 20 mg/día. Resultados. Setenta y cinco pacientes (54,7 por ciento mujeres); edad media: 59,8 ñ 10,4 años; peso: 73,9 ñ 10,9 kg; IMC: 28,0 ñ 3,8 kg/m2. Fosinopril disminuye significativamente la PA y el fibrinógeno plasmático en las visitas 2 y 3. El 54,7 por ciento y el 88 por ciento de los pacientes normalizan la presión arterial sistólica (PAS) y la presión arterial diastólica (PAD), respectivamente, en la visita 3.No existe correlación entre los efectos sobre PAS, PAD y fibrinógeno. No existen diferencias en el efecto sobre fibrinógeno para sexo, IMC o hábito tabáquico.Conclusiones. Fosinopril reduce la presión arterial y el fibrinógeno plasmático en pacientes hipertensos sin que exista correlación entre ambos efectos. El efecto puede estar ligado a la inhibición de la enzima conversora de la angiotensina (IECA), sin que pueda descartarse la participación de otros efectos metabólicos de este IECA. (AU)


Assuntos
Feminino , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Fosinopril/farmacologia , Hipertensão/tratamento farmacológico , Fibrinogênio , Fibrinogênio/metabolismo , Fosinopril , Nefelometria e Turbidimetria , Pressão Sanguínea , Sístole , Diástole , Inibidores da Enzima Conversora de Angiotensina/farmacologia
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