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This article presents the results of a qualitative study conducted to understand the barriers and facilitators in implementing a pilot trial of Critical Time Intervention-Task-Shifting-a time-limited, community-based, recovery-oriented intervention for individuals with psychosis-in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and Santiago, Chile. Data included 40 semi-structured interviews with service users, task-shifting providers, and administrators. Analysis proceeded in three iterative phases and combined inductive and deductive approaches. Coding frameworks for implementation factors, and whether or not they acted as barriers and facilitators, were developed and refined using many domains and constructs from the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Barriers and facilitators were ultimately grouped into five domains: 1-Personal; 2-Interpersonal; 3-Intervention; 4-Mental Health System; and 5-Contextual. A rating system was also developed and applied, which enabled comparisons across stakeholders and study sites. Major facilitators included intervention characteristics such as the roles of the task-shifting providers and community-based care. Top barriers included mental health stigma and community conditions (violence). Nevertheless, the findings suggest that Critical Time Intervention-Task-Shifting is largely acceptable and feasible, and could contribute to efforts to strengthen community mental health systems of care for individuals with psychosis in Latin America, especially in advancing the task-shifting strategy and the recovery-oriented approach.
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Introduction: The prevalence of overweight and obesity increases in university students as a consequence of the modification of their eating habits and their level of physical activity. The general objective of this work was to analyze the relationship between the nutritional status of Physical Education students and the level of physical activity, cardiovascular risk and eating habits, during the first three years of the degree. Method: Observational, descriptive and longitudinal section study. 67 students were studied. To assess nutritional status and cardiovascular risk, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (CC) were measured, respectively. To inquire about eating habits, a survey was used based on the recommendations of the dietary guidelines for the Argentine population. To estimate the level of physical activity, the IPAQ International Physical Activity Questionnaire, short format, Spanish version was used. Results: Students with obesity, obesity, and elevated cardiovascular risk increased during the course of the study. For their part, healthy eating behaviors and a high level of physical activity in women decreased. BMI showed a positive correlation with CC. Healthy food selection in males was correlated with BMI. Conclusions: The evolution of the course in Physical Education indicated a progressive increase in the factors associated with obesity. These results would allow directing and promoting legislative actions that update the curriculum of the Physical Education career, according to the social and health needs of this population.
Introducción: La prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad aumenta en estudiantes universitarios como consecuencia de la modificación de sus hábitos alimentarios y de su nivel de actividad física. El objetivo general del presente trabajo fue analizar la relación entre el estado nutricional de estudiantes de Educación Física y el nivel de actividad física, el riesgo cardiovascular y sus hábitos alimentarios, durante los primeros tres años de la carrera. Método: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y de corte longitudinal. Se estudiaron 67 estudiantes. Para valorar el estado nutricional y el riesgo cardiovascular se midieron el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y la circunferencia de cintura (CC), respectivamente. Para indagar sobre los hábitos alimentarios se utilizó una encuesta basada en las recomendaciones de las guías alimentarias para la población argentina. Para estimar el nivel de actividad física se usó el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física IPAQ, formato corto, versión en español. Resultados: Los estudiantes con preobesidad, obesidad y riesgo cardiovascular elevado aumentaron durante el transcurso del estudio. Por su parte, las conductas alimentarias saludables y el nivel de actividad física alto en mujeres disminuyeron. El IMC mostró una correlación positiva con la CC. La selección alimentaria saludable en varones se mostró correlacionada con el IMC. Conclusiones: La evolución del cursado de la carrera de Educación Física indicó un aumento progresivo de los factores asociados a la obesidad. Estos resultados permitirían direccionar y promover acciones legislativas que actualicen la currícula de la carrera de Educación Física, conforme a las necesidades sociales y sanitarias de esta población.
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Doenças Cardiovasculares , Estado Nutricional , Índice de Massa Corporal , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Exercício Físico , Comportamento Alimentar , Feminino , Fatores de Risco de Doenças Cardíacas , Humanos , Masculino , Educação Física e Treinamento , Fatores de Risco , EstudantesRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: to analyze socio-demographic and psychopathological factors affecting attempted suicides by youths admitted to the Hospital de Niños de Córdoba (Argentina). METHODS: prospective study based on clinical interviews and tests conducted on 80% of the patients admitted to the hospital in 2006. The significance level established for statistical comparisons was 0.05. RESULTS: 70% of the patient were female and 30% were male, the latter having a lower mean age than the female group (p0.001). The most common type of autoagression was the ingestion of medicines (87%). The most significant precedents in the psychopatological histories were: previous attempted suicides and conduct disorders (p0.002); 79% of them were not under treatment. Diagnoses at the moment of admission were: Mood Disorder (74%) and Disocial Disorder (74%). CONCLUSIONS: the main characteristics of this group are previous attempted suicides and psychopathological conditions which could have been diagnosed and treated previously.
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Tentativa de Suicídio/psicologia , Tentativa de Suicídio/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores SocioeconômicosRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: numerous studies show that the college-aged student modifies their eating habits and levels of physical activity and, consequently, their Body Mass Index (BMI) exceeds healthy values (?25). General objective: to analyze the nutritional status in students of two Physical Education Teaching training Institutes, located in Cordoba, Argentina, and their possible association with eating behaviours and level of physical activity. Method: observational, cross-sectional and descriptive study. 134 students were studied.To assess nutritional status, the MBI was measured. To investigate about food selection and habits which accompanied the ingestion, a survey was used based on the recommendations from the Food Guidelines for the Argentine Population. To estimate energy expenditure by physical activity, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used, in short format, in the Spanish version. Results: Se podría presumir que el saludable estado nutricional de la población estudiada se debe a sus hábitos alimentarios mayormente saludables y, principalmente, a su alto nivel de actividad física. No obstante, el seguimiento de esta población, en un estudio longitudinal, podría ratificar o rectificar estas primeras presunciones. Conclusion: it can be assumed that the healthy nutritional status of the study population is due to their mostly healthy eating habits, and mainly to their high level of physical activity.
INTRODUCCIÓN: Numerosas investigaciones señalan que el estudiante universitario modifica sus hábitos alimentarios y su nivel de actividad física y, como consecuencia, su Índice de masa corporal (IMC) supera los valores saludables (?25). OBJETIVO GENERAL: Analizar el estado nutricional en los estudiantes de dos Profesorados de Educación Física de Córdoba, Argentina y su posible asociación con los hábitos alimentarios y el nivel de actividad física.: MÉTODO: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y de corte transversal. Se estudiaron 134 estudiantes. Para valorar el estado nutricional se midió el IMC. Para indagar sobre la selección y las conductas alimentarias, se utilizó una encuesta basada en las recomendaciones de las guías alimentarias para la población argentina. Para estimar el gasto energético en actividad física se usó el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física IPAQ, formato corto, versión en español. RESULTADOS: El estado nutricional de la población estudiada mostró en general una mayor prevalencia con peso saludable (normopeso). Respecto a los hábitos alimentarios, las mayores proporciones de estudiantes evaluados presentaron una selección medianamente saludable y unas conductas saludables. En referencia al nivel de actividad física, ambos géneros mostraron, en una mayor proporción, un alto nivel de actividad física. Para todos los casos, el IMC resultó dentro de los valores saludables. CONCLUSIONES: Se podría presumir que el saludable estado nutricional de la población estudiada se debe a sus hábitos alimentarios mayormente saludables y, principalmente, a su alto nivel de actividad física. No obstante, el seguimiento de esta población, en un estudio longitudinal, podría ratificar o rectificar estas primeras presunciones.
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Avaliação Nutricional , Estado Nutricional , Educação Física e Treinamento , Estudantes/estatística & dados numéricos , Argentina , Índice de Massa Corporal , Peso Corporal , Estudos Transversais , Exercício Físico , Comportamento Alimentar , Feminino , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: People who consume psychoactive substances may experience situations of social stigma on the part of the society in general, and also situations of internalized-stigma derived from their own consumption of substances. The Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) scale has been shown to be valid and reliable to evaluate the internalized-stigma in people with severe mental disorders, but in Argentina there is no a Spanish version of this scale for use with people who use psychoactive substances. The objective of this work was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness instrument adapted for people who use psychoactive substances. METHOD: The work was carried out on a sample of 200 patients older than 18 years under treatment of rehabilitation by consumption of psychoactive substances in a public institution of the city of Córdoba (Argentina) between the years 2014 and 2016. The instrument used was the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) previously adapted for use in these groups of patients. It was determined the reliability of the scale through Cronbach's coefficients α and factorial structure was analyzed through an exploratory factor analysis. RESULTS: The obtained coefficients showed a high reliability, while in the factorial structure emerged the 4 theoretical dimensions described by Ritsher, namely: social isolation, perceived discrimination, alienation and stereotyping. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that the scale adapted for people who use psychoactive substances is reliable and with an adequate factorial structure.
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Estigma Social , Estereotipagem , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/psicologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto , Argentina , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Psicometria , Reprodutibilidade dos TestesRESUMO
The authors conducted an assessment of post-traumatic stress disorder screening in the Chilean population following the February 2010 earthquake, based on the Post Earthquake Survey with a multistage sample of 24,982 individuals over 18 years of age, applying the Davidson Trauma Scale. Multivariate analysis was performed with significance set at p<0.05. Prevalence of positive screening for post-traumatic stress disorder was 11% for the country as a whole, but reached 30% at lower-level disaggregation. The logistic regression model for post-traumatic stress disorder identified the following risk factors: belonging to a low-income family, having suffered damage to the household, a history of health problems in the previous month, and female gender (p<0.05). Family coping with the earthquake proved to be a protective factor as compared to other social or neighborhood groups, and more years of schooling were also protective (p<0.05). Positive screening for posttraumatic stress disorders revealed clear social inequalities.
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Data were analyzed from the National Survey on Substance Use (ENPreCoSP-2.008) in 6,122 cases to estimate the prevalence of psychoactive substance use and assess the association between unmet basic needs (UBN) and family income and the consumption of psychoactive substances by individuals 18-34 years of age in 10 provinces in Northern Argentina. The study conducted descriptive statistical analysis and logistic regression. Prevalence of lifetime drug use and use in the previous year and previous month were higher for legal versus illegal substances. Consumption was also higher in males. Poverty indicators were significantly associated with the consumption of legal substances. The findings show differences in consumption of psychoactive substances related to gender and poverty.
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Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/epidemiologia , Pobreza , Fumar/epidemiologia , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Argentina/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Razão de Chances , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To identify alcohol consumption in young people between 18 and 24 years of age in the province of Córdoba who participated in the National Survey of Risk Factors, according to sociodemographic characteristics. METHOD: A quantitative, analytic and cross-sectional study was undertaken in a sample of 240 young people. The alcohol consumption and sociodemographic characteristics were analyzed using bivariate analysis, risk ratio and confidence intervals. RESULTS: The lifetime prevalence of alcohol consumption corresponded to 79.17%, the one-year prevalence to 72.91% and the one-month prevalence to 57.08%, while episodic abuse and regular hazardous consumption corresponded to 25.55% and 24.19%. Consumption levels in the last month were higher among males (p=0.0028), single people (p=0.0001), with a secondary education degree (p=0.0306). CONCLUSION: In the province of Córdoba, drugs use, including alcohol, has not been an area of research interest in recent years, although alcohol abuse is associated with other risk factors, like accidents and violence, and is a factor of comorbidity and early mortality. Therefore, alcohol consumption in young people represents an area of concern and, once characterized, preventive actions should be adopted.
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Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Argentina/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
This study examines the social risk and protection factors for excessive alcohol use, based on the data from the "National Survey on the prevalence of substance abuse in 2008", in a population of young Argentines, from 16 to 24 years of age. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used. The following risk factors were observed: age at onset (the younger, the higher the risk); the Pampas region, Northwest and Northeast; males; from families with unsatisfied basic needs. Protective factors include idleness, no opportunity to try out illicit drugs, not being tempted to experiment with illicit drugs and no previous use of tobacco, or tranquilizers, or cocaine or cocaine-based substances in the lifetime. The results provide useful information to develop prevention programs for adolescents and young people.
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Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Resumen Objetivo Determinar el estigma internalizado en personas que consumen sustancias psicoactivas en la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina. Método Trabajo descriptivo en 87 pacientes mayores de 18 años bajo tratamiento de rehabilitación por consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en una institución pública. El instrumento utilizado fue el Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness adaptado previamente. Resultados En la muestra se identificaron puntuaciones que indican un estigma internalizado moderado a severo en 17 de los 29 ítems de la escala. Además, se observaron mayores indicadores de estigma en pacientes que declararon consumir solo alcohol, que en los pacientes que declararon policonsumo. Conclusiones El estigma internalizado es una problemática frecuente entre las personas que consumen sustancias psicoactivas, aunque puede tener mayor severidad en las personas que consumen solo alcohol.
Abstract Aim To determine internalized stigma in people who use psychoactive substances and are under rehabilitation treatment in the city of Cordoba. Methods The study was descriptive in 87 inpatients over 18 years, who are under rehabilitation treatment for psychoactive substance use. The instrument was the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness previously adapted. Results In the sample, there were identified scores that indicate moderate to severe internalized stigma in 17 of the 29 items of the total scale. Also, it was observed higher stigma indicators in patients who reported consuming only alcohol, than patients who reported multiple substances consumption. Conclusions Internalized stigma is a common problem among people who use psychoactive substances; moreover, stigma can be more severe in people who consume only alcohol, than people who consume alcohol in combination with other substances.
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Introducción: Los traumatismos producidos por Incidentes detránsito en San Luis produjeron durante los años 2007 y 2009un aumento importante en el número de fallecidos por estacausa. Objetivo: Analizar las causas específicas de morbilidady mortalidad por incidentes de tránsito (causas externas)de laCiudad de San Luis y en la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva delHospital San Luis durante el período 2007-2009. Materialy Métodos: Estudio observacional retrospectivo de registrosde datos secundarios entre los años 2007-2009.Se elaboróuna Zona Urbana y Suburbana por diferencias en mecanismode producción. Tipo de incidente se refiere al capítulo XX ycategoría de injuria al capítulo XIX del CIE-10. Resultados:La mortalidad aumentó en los tres años paulatinamente en laszonas urbanas. Primera causa de lesión fue el traumatismocraneoencefálico (TEC) y la motocicleta el vehículo principalinvolucrado en los Incidentes de tránsito. En la UTI delHospital San Luis se registró una mortalidad de 25,81%,(41,65% se encontraron en una franja etaria entre 25-44años). La internación por esta causa (TEC) fue de 80,65%,siguiéndole un 12 % los traumatismos múltiples. El 90% delos pacientes internados en la UTI no tenían cobertura social.
Introduction: Trauma due to motor incidents in San Luis during the period 2007-2009increased the number of deaths due to this cause. Objective: To analyze the specific causesof morbidity and mortality due to motor incidents (external causes) in the city of SanLuis and in the Intensive Care Unit from San Luis Hospital during the period 2007-2009.Material and methods: Observational retrospective study of records of secondary data fromthe period 2007-2009. An urban area and a sub-urban one were elaborated due to thedifferences in the production mechanism. The type of accident refers to chapter XX andinjury category refers to chapter XIX of ICD-10.Results: Mortality increased gradually in the three years in urban areas. The first causeof injury was cranioencephalic trauma (CET) and the motorbike was the main vehicleinvolved in motor incidents. At the ICU from Hospital San Luis, mortality of 25.81% wasregistered (41.65% within age range between 25- 44). Hospitalization due to this cause(CET) represented 80.65%, followed by 12% due to multiple traumas. Ninety percent ofthe patients admitted in the ICU had no social coverage.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Acidentes de Trânsito , Acidentes de Trânsito/estatística & dados numéricos , Acidentes de Trânsito/prevenção & controle , Ferimentos e LesõesRESUMO
Se analizó un screening de trastornos de estrés postraumático en habitantes chilenos, como consecuencia del terremoto de febrero de 2010; a partir de una Encuesta Post Terremoto con una muestra multietápica de 24.982 personas mayores de 18 años, a quienes se aplicó la Escala de Trauma de Davidson. La prevalencia de screening positivo para los trastornos de estrés postraumático fue del 11% en el país, pero a menor nivel de desagregación llegaron a observarse prevalencias del 30%. El modelo de regresión logística para la estimación de la variable trastornos de estrés postraumático identificó como factores de riesgo el hecho de pertenecer un hogar pobre, haber sufrido daños en la vivienda, haber tenido algún problema de salud en el último mes y ser mujer (p<0,05). También se encontró que el afrontamiento del sismo en familia resultó como un factor protector, en relación a afrontarlo con otros colectivos sociales (vecinos), la mayor cantidad de años de educación formal también fue identificada como un factor de protección (p<0,05). Se observaron claras desigualdades sociales en las personas que presentaron un screening positivo.
The authors conducted an assessment of post-traumatic stress disorder screening in the Chilean population following the February 2010 earthquake, based on the Post Earthquake Survey with a multistage sample of 24,982 individuals over 18 years of age, applying the Davidson Trauma Scale. Multivariate analysis was performed with significance set at p<0.05. Prevalence of positive screening for post-traumatic stress disorder was 11% for the country as a whole, but reached 30% at lower-level disaggregation. The logistic regression model for post-traumatic stress disorder identified the following risk factors: belonging to a low-income family, having suffered damage to the household, a history of health problems in the previous month, and female gender (p<0.05). Family coping with the earthquake proved to be a protective factor as compared to other social or neighborhood groups, and more years of schooling were also protective (p<0.05). Positive screening for posttraumatic stress disorders revealed clear social inequalities.
Foram analisados dados associados a transtornos de estresse pós-traumáticos apresentados por uma população do Chile, após o terremoto de fevereiro de 2010, a partir de uma pesquisa pós-terremoto (EPT 2010, Chile) com uma amostra multiestágio de 24.982 pessoas de mais de 18 anos, com aplicação da Escala de Trauma Davidson. A prevalência de casos positivos de screening para transtornos avaliados foi de 11% no país, mas em um nível inferior de desagregação, a prevalência observada atingiu 30%. O modelo de regressão logística para estimar a variável transtornos de estresse pós-traumático identificou como fatores de risco o fato de pertencer a uma família pobre, ter sofrido danos em seu domicílio, ter problemas de saúde no último mês e ser do sexo feminino (p<0,05). Também se encontrou que enfrentar o terremoto em família resultou como um fator de proteção em comparação com outros grupos sociais ou vizinhos, o maior número de anos de educação formal também foi identificado como um fator de proteção (p<0,05). Foram observadas claras desigualdades sociais em pessoas que tiveram screening positivo.
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A total of 6,122 cases taken from the National Survey of Psychoactive Substance Prevalence - Encuesta Nacional de Prevalencia de Consumo de Sustancias Psicoactivas (ENPreCoSP-2.008) were analyzed in order to determine the prevalence of consumption of legal and illegal psychoactive substances in the 18-34 year old population group in 10 Argentinian provinces and the relationship with Unsatisfied Basic Needs and level of income. Consumption was more prevalent among males and those aged 18-24. Logistic regression of consumption of legal substances in the preceding month showed that Unsatisfied Basic Needs and being male to be risk factors, whereas income above the poverty line was a protection factor (p<0,05).(AU)
Foram analisados 6.122 casos da base de dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Prevalência de Consumo de Substâncias Psicoativas (sigla em espanhol: ENPreCoSP-2.008) para determinar prevalências de consumo de substâncias psicoativas legais e ilegais em pessoas de 18-34 anos de 10 províncias argentinas, e sua relação com Necessidades Básicas Insatisfeitas e nível de renda. O consumo foi mais prevalente entre os 18-24 anos e em homens. A regressão logística sobre o consumo de substâncias legais no último mês evidenciou as Necessidades Básicas Insatisfeitas e o sexo masculino como fatores de risco, enquanto ter renda superior à linha da pobreza foi um fator de proteção (p<0,05).(AU)
Se analizaron 6.122 casos de la base de datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Prevalencia de Consumo de Sustancias Psicoactivas (ENPreCoSP-2.008) para determinar prevalencias de consumo de sustancias psicoactivas legales e ilegales en población de 18-34 años de 10 provincias argentinas, y su relación con Necesidades Básicas Insatisfechas y nivel de ingresos. El consumo fue más prevalente entre los 18-24 años y en varones. La regresión logística sobre el consumo de sustancias legales en el último mes evidenció como factores de riesgo a las Necesidades Básicas Insatisfechas y el sexo masculino, mientras que tener ingresos superiores a la línea de la pobreza fue un factor de protección (p<0,05).(AU)
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Drogas Ilícitas , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas , Fumar , Tabagismo , Fatores de Risco , PobrezaRESUMO
A total of 6,122 cases taken from the National Survey of Psychoactive Substance Prevalence - Encuesta Nacional de Prevalencia de Consumo de Sustancias Psicoactivas (ENPreCoSP-2.008) were analyzed in order to determine the prevalence of consumption of legal and illegal psychoactive substances in the 18-34 year old population group in 10 Argentinian provinces and the relationship with Unsatisfied Basic Needs and level of income. Consumption was more prevalent among males and those aged 18-24. Logistic regression of consumption of legal substances in the preceding month showed that Unsatisfied Basic Needs and being male to be risk factors, whereas income above the poverty line was a protection factor (p<0,05)...
Foram analisados 6.122 casos da base de dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Prevalência de Consumo de Substâncias Psicoativas (sigla em espanhol: ENPreCoSP-2.008) para determinar prevalências de consumo de substâncias psicoativas legais e ilegais em pessoas de 18-34 anos de 10 províncias argentinas, e sua relação com Necessidades Básicas Insatisfeitas e nível de renda. O consumo foi mais prevalente entre os 18-24 anos e em homens. A regressão logística sobre o consumo de substâncias legais no último mês evidenciou as Necessidades Básicas Insatisfeitas e o sexo masculino como fatores de risco, enquanto ter renda superior à linha da pobreza foi um fator de proteção (p<0,05)...
Se analizaron 6.122 casos de la base de datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Prevalencia de Consumo de Sustancias Psicoactivas (ENPreCoSP-2.008) para determinar prevalencias de consumo de sustancias psicoactivas legales e ilegales en población de 18-34 años de 10 provincias argentinas, y su relación con Necesidades Básicas Insatisfechas y nivel de ingresos. El consumo fue más prevalente entre los 18-24 años y en varones. La regresión logística sobre el consumo de sustancias legales en el último mes evidenció como factores de riesgo a las Necesidades Básicas Insatisfechas y el sexo masculino, mientras que tener ingresos superiores a la línea de la pobreza fue un factor de protección (p<0,05)...
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas , Drogas Ilícitas , Fatores de Risco , Fumar , Pobreza , Tabagismo , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de SubstânciasRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: to identify alcohol consumption in young people between 18 and 24 years of age in the province of Córdoba who participated in the National Survey of Risk Factors, according to sociodemographic characteristics. METHOD: a quantitative, analytic and cross-sectional study was undertaken in a sample of 240 young people. The alcohol consumption and sociodemographic characteristics were analyzed using bivariate analysis, risk ratio and confidence intervals. RESULTS: the lifetime prevalence of alcohol consumption corresponded to 79.17%, the one-year prevalence to 72.91% and the one-month prevalence to 57.08%, while episodic abuse and regular hazardous consumption corresponded to 25.55% and 24.19%. Consumption levels in the last month were higher among males (p=0.0028), single people (p=0.0001), with a secondary education degree (p=0.0306). CONCLUSION: in the province of Córdoba, drugs use, including alcohol, has not been an area of research interest in recent years, although alcohol abuse is associated with other risk factors, like accidents and violence, and is a factor of comorbidity and early mortality. Therefore, alcohol consumption in young people represents an area of concern and, once characterized, preventive actions should be adopted. .
OBJETIVO: identificar o consumo de álcool, de acordo com as características sociodemográficas em jovens de 18 a 24 anos, provenientes da província de Córdoba, Argentina, e que participaram do Levantamento Nacional de Fatores de Risco. MÉTODO: foi realizado um estudo quantitativo, analítico e transversal com uma amostra de 240 jovens. O consumo de álcool e as características sociodemográficas foram analisados mediante a aplicação da análise bivariada, razão de risco e intervalos de confiança. RESULTADOS: a prevalência do consumo de álcool na vida foi de 79,17%, a prevalência-ano 72,91% e a prevalência-mês 57,08%, o consumo excessivo episódico e o consumo regular de risco correspondem a 25,55 e 24,19%, respectivamente. O consumo no último mês foi maior entre homens (p=0,0028), jovens solteiros (p=0,0001), com educação secundária completa (p=0,0306). CONCLUSÃO: na província de Córdoba, o uso de substâncias psicoativas, entre elas o álcool, não tem sido foco de interesse nas investigações em anos recentes, porém, o abuso do álcool está associado a outros fatores de risco, tais como acidentes e violência, e como fator de comorbidade e mortalidade precoce, portanto, o consumo de álcool entre os jovens é um tema preocupante que, quando caracterizado, deve ser tratado com ações preventivas. .
OBJETIVO: identificar el consumo de alcohol según características sociodemográficas en jóvenes de 18 a 24 años de la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina que participaron de la Encuesta Nacional de Factores de Riesgo. MÉTODO: se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, analítico y transversal con una muestra de 240 jóvenes. El consumo de alcohol y las características sociodemográficas se analizaron mediante análisis bivariado, razón de riesgo e intervalos de confianza. RESULTADOS: la prevalencia de consumo de alcohol en vida fue del 79,17%, la prevalencia año 72,91% y la prevalencia mes 57,08%; el consumo excesivo episódico y el consumo regular de riesgo presentan valores del 25,55% y 24,19%. El consumo en el último mes fue mayor en varones (p=0,0028), en jóvenes solteros (p=0,0001), con secundario completo (p=0,0306). CONCLUSIÓN: en la provincia de Córdoba, el uso de sustancias psicoactivas, entre ellas el alcohol, no ha sido un área de interés en las investigaciones de los últimos años. Sin embargo, el uso abusivo de alcohol se asocia a otros factores de riesgo, como ser accidentes, violencia y como factor de comorbilidad y mortalidad temprana. Por lo tanto, el consumo de alcohol en jóvenes es un tema preocupante que, al ser caracterizado, debe abordarse con acciones preventivas. .
Assuntos
Adolescente , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Jovem , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/epidemiologia , Argentina/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Fatores SocioeconômicosRESUMO
El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar el nivel de riesgo psicosocial en el trabajo de los integrantes de los equipos de salud de hospitales dependientes del Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Córdoba. Se diseñó un estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal, sobre 844 trabajadores del equipo de salud pertenecientes a 23 hospitales públicos, seleccionados mediante muestreo probabilístico aleatorio simple, con un nivel de confianza del 95% y un error muestral del 5%. Se aplicó el instrumento SUSESO ISTAS-21, versión corta de la Superintendencia de Seguridad Social (SUSESO) del Gobierno de Chile. Se determinó que los riesgos psicosociales en situación más desfavorables (riesgo Alto) se correspondieron con las dimensiones: Exigencias psicológicas (57,7%), Apoyo social y calidad de liderazgo (56,2%) y Doble presencia (64%). El riesgo Medio predominó en la dimensión Compensaciones (39%) y el riesgo Bajo resultó más frecuente en la dimensión Trabajo activo y desarrollo de habilidades (42,9%). Se concluye que este personal sanitario presenta una elevada frecuencia de exposición a riesgos psicosociales en el ámbito laboral, lo que genera la necesidad de indagar sobre los factores condicionantes de estos riesgos y establecer acciones de promoción de ambientes de trabajo más saludables.
The objective of this research was to determine the level of psychosocial risk in the work of the members of health teams hospitals of the Ministry of Health of the Province of Córdoba. It was designed a descriptive cross-sectional study, about 844 workers of the health team from 23 public hospitals, selected using simple random probability sampling, with a confidence level of 95% and a sampling error of 5%. The instrument SUSESO ISTS-21, short version of the Superintendence of Social Security (SUSESO, in Spanish acronym) of the Chilean Government was applied. It was determined that psychosocial risks within more unfavorable situation (High risk) were matched with dimensions: Psychological Requirements (57,7%), social support and quality of leadership (56.2%) and Double presence (64%). The middle risk dominated the Compensation dimension (39%) and Low risk was more frequent in the active job and skill development dimension (42,9%). We conclude that the medical staff has a high frequency of exposure to psychosocial risks in the workplace, creating the need to investigate the determinants of these risks and establish measures to promote healthier work environments.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Esgotamento Profissional/epidemiologia , Pessoal de Saúde , Hospitais Públicos , Argentina , Apoio Social , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fatores de Risco , Distribuição por Sexo , Medição de Risco , LiderançaRESUMO
Data were analyzed from the National Survey on Substance Use (ENPreCoSP-2.008) in 6,122 cases to estimate the prevalence of psychoactive substance use and assess the association between unmet basic needs (UBN) and family income and the consumption of psychoactive substances by individuals 18-34 years of age in 10 provinces in Northern Argentina. The study conducted descriptive statistical analysis and logistic regression. Prevalence of lifetime drug use and use in the previous year and previous month were higher for legal versus illegal substances. Consumption was also higher in males. Poverty indicators were significantly associated with the consumption of legal substances. The findings show differences in consumption of psychoactive substances related to gender and poverty.(AU)
Se realizó un análisis de base de datos recolectados en la Encuesta Nacional de Prevalencia de Consumo de Sustancias Psicoactivas (ENPreCoSP-2.008) tomando 6.122 casos, con los objetivos de describir las prevalencias de consumo de sustancias psicoactivas; y evaluar la asociación entre la existencia de necesidades básicas insatisfechas y el nivel de ingresos familiares, con el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en personas entre las edades de 18 a 34 años, residentes en las regiones noroeste (NOA) y noreste (NEA) argentino. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y regresión logística. Las prevalencias de consumo en la vida, el último año y el último mes fueron mayores en sustancias legales. Así también, el consumo fue mayor en el sexo masculino. Los indicadores de situación de pobreza operaron como factor de riesgo para el consumo de sustancias legales. Los resultados encontrados dan cuenta de situaciones diferenciales en el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, en relación al género y a las condiciones de pobreza.(AU)
Realizou-se uma análise de base de dados coletados durante a Encuesta Nacional de Prevalencia de Consumo de Sustancias Psicoactivas (ENPreCoSP-2.008) tomando 6.122 casos, com objetivos de descrever as prevalências de consumo de substâncias psicoactivas, e avaliar a associação entre a existência de necessidades básicas insatisfeitas e o nível de renda familiar, com o consumo de substâncias psicoactivas em pessoas de 18 a 34 anos, residentes nas regiões noroeste (NOA) e nordeste (NEA) da Argentina. Realizaram-se análises descritivas e regressão logística. As prevalências de consumo durante a vida, o último ano e o último mês foram maiores entre as substâncias legais. O consumo também foi maior no sexo masculino. Os indicadores da situação de pobreza operaram como fator de risco para o consumo de substâncias legais. Os resultados encontrados mostram situações diferenciais no consumo de substâncias psicoativas, em relação ao gênero e as condições de pobreza.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/epidemiologia , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/epidemiologia , Pobreza , Tabagismo/epidemiologia , Drogas Ilícitas , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Argentina/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Data were analyzed from the National Survey on Substance Use (ENPreCoSP-2.008) in 6,122 cases to estimate the prevalence of psychoactive substance use and assess the association between unmet basic needs (UBN) and family income and the consumption of psychoactive substances by individuals 18-34 years of age in 10 provinces in Northern Argentina. The study conducted descriptive statistical analysis and logistic regression. Prevalence of lifetime drug use and use in the previous year and previous month were higher for legal versus illegal substances. Consumption was also higher in males. Poverty indicators were significantly associated with the consumption of legal substances. The findings show differences in consumption of psychoactive substances related to gender and poverty.
Se realizó un análisis de base de datos recolectados en la Encuesta Nacional de Prevalencia de Consumo de Sustancias Psicoactivas (ENPreCoSP-2.008) tomando 6.122 casos, con los objetivos de describir las prevalencias de consumo de sustancias psicoactivas; y evaluar la asociación entre la existencia de necesidades básicas insatisfechas y el nivel de ingresos familiares, con el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en personas entre las edades de 18 a 34 años, residentes en las regiones noroeste (NOA) y noreste (NEA) argentino. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y regresión logística. Las prevalencias de consumo en la vida, el último año y el último mes fueron mayores en sustancias legales. Así también, el consumo fue mayor en el sexo masculino. Los indicadores de situación de pobreza operaron como factor de riesgo para el consumo de sustancias legales. Los resultados encontrados dan cuenta de situaciones diferenciales en el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, en relación al género y a las condiciones de pobreza.
Realizou-se uma análise de base de dados coletados durante a Encuesta Nacional de Prevalencia de Consumo de Sustancias Psicoactivas (ENPreCoSP-2.008) tomando 6.122 casos, com objetivos de descrever as prevalências de consumo de substâncias psicoactivas, e avaliar a associação entre a existência de necessidades básicas insatisfeitas e o nível de renda familiar, com o consumo de substâncias psicoactivas em pessoas de 18 a 34 anos, residentes nas regiões noroeste (NOA) e nordeste (NEA) da Argentina. Realizaram-se análises descritivas e regressão logística. As prevalências de consumo durante a vida, o último ano e o último mês foram maiores entre as substâncias legais. O consumo também foi maior no sexo masculino. Os indicadores da situação de pobreza operaram como fator de risco para o consumo de substâncias legais. Os resultados encontrados mostram situações diferenciais no consumo de substâncias psicoativas, em relação ao gênero e as condições de pobreza.