Validation of a colorimetric LAMP to detect Loxosceles experimental envenomation.

Diagnostic tests for brown spider accidents are unavailable and impact treatment decisions, increasing costs and patient risks. In this work, we used for the first time a fast, simple, and visual method based on the loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay (LAMP) to detect Loxosceles envenomation. Using the DNA from L. similis legs, we observed a high sensitivity using this test since as low as 0.32 pg of DNA could be detected. This pH-dependent colorimetric assay was 64 times more sensitive than PCR to detect spider DNA. The test was specific for Loxosceles once no cross-reaction was observed when testing DNA from different agents that cause similar dermonecrotic injuries. The test allowed the detection of Loxosceles intermedia DNA from hair, serum, and exudate samples obtained from experimentally-envenomed rabbit within 72 h. The method sensitivity varied according to the sample and the collection time, reaching 100% sensitivity in serum and hair, respectively, 1 h and 24 h after the experimental envenomation. Due to its ease of execution, speed, sensitivity, and specificity, LAMP presents an excellent potential for identifying Loxosceles spp. Envenomation. This can reduce the burden on the Health System and the morbidity for the patient by implementing the appropriate therapy immediately.In addition, this work opens up the perspective to other venomous animal accident identification using LAMP.

Prevalência da gengivite e hábitos de higiene bucal de pacientes atendidos no curso de Especialização em Ortodontia da Universidade de Itaúna-MG / Prevalence of gingivitis and oral hygiene habits of patients treated at the specialization course in Orthodontics at the University Itaúna-MG

A presença do biofilme e sinais de gengiva inflamada são frequentemente observados nas consultas de manutenção, devido à dificuldade de higienização causada pelos acessórios ortodônticos. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o índice de sangramento gengival (ISG) dos pacientes portadores de aparelhos ortodônticos fixos em ambas arcadas, na Clínica de Especialização em Ortodontia da Universidade de Itaúna. Após cálculo amostral, foram examinados aleatoriamente 135 pacientes de ambos os sexos. Para o cálculo do ISG, foi utilizado o método proposto por Ainamo e Bay (1975) avaliando a presença de sangramento marginal através de sondagem com sonda da OMS. Variáveis como gênero, idade, tempo de tratamento ortodôntico, freqüência de escovação diária e comportamento com o cuidado bucal após instalação do aparelho fixo também foram avaliados. Para análises descritivas foram calculadas média, mediana, mínimo, máximo e desvio padrão; e para análises de cruzamento os testes Pearson, Qui-Quadrado, Teste Exato de Fisher, Mann-Whitney U, T-Student, Anova, Kruskal Wallis. Os resultados mostraram que 80 (59,3%) eram do sexo feminino e 55 (50,7) do sexo masculino, com faixas etárias entre 10 anos a 51 anos, média de 20,1 anos de idade. Houve 100% de prevalência de gengivite, com média de ISG de 39,4%, variações entre 7,4% a 100% de pontos sangrantes. Notou-se que 25% da amostra apresentou ISG menor que 23,1%, 25% ISG entre 23,1% e 35,8%, e na amostra total 75% apresentaram ISG até 50%, pelo menos 25% com ISG menor que 50%. Observou-se que a variação do ISG não esteve associada às variáveis freqüência de escovação diária, tempo de tratamento e o aumento do número de escovação após a instalação do aparelho. Assim, sugere-se a implementação de programas educativos para esses pacientes, como também incluir na rotina dos profissionais a observação e controle dessas alterações.

The presence of biofilm and the signs of inflamed gum are usually observed in service clinical, due to the difficulty of cleaning caused by the orthodontic accessories. The aim of this study was to evaluate the gingival bleeding index (ISG) of patients with braces in both arches, at the Clínica de Especialização em Ortodontia da Universidade de Itaúna. After sample calculation, were randomly examined 135 patients of both sexes. To calculate the ISG were used the method proposed by Ainamo and Bay (1975) evaluating the presence of marginal bleeding by using the probe of OMS. Variables as sex, age, duration of orthodontic treatment, frequency of daily brush and the conduct with oral care after installation of the braces were also evaluated. For descriptive analysis were calculated the mean, median, minimum, maximum, standard deviation; and for crossing analysis Pearson test, Chi Square, Fischer test, Mann-Whitney U, T-Student, Anova, Kruskal Wallis. The results showed that 80 (59.3%) were female and 55 (50.7%) were male, with ages between 10 and 51 years old and mean age 20.1 years old. There was 100% of prevalence of gingivitis, with mean of ISG of 39.4%, variation between 7.4% to 100% of bleeding points. It was noted that 25% of the sample had ISG less than 23.1%, 25% of the ISG between 23.1% and 35.8% and of the total sample 75% has ISG up to 50% and at least 25% with ISG less than 50%. It was observed that the variation of the ISG was not associated with variables of frequency of daily brush, time of treatment and the increase in the number of brushing after installation of the braces. It was suggested the implementation of educational programs for this patients, but also the inclusion of the observation and control of these disturbances in the professional´s routine.