Adoption of measures by psychiatric hospitals to prevent SARS-CoV-2.

This article analyzes the scientific evidence on the measures adopted by psychiatric hospitals to prevent COVID-19 contamination among hospitalized people. It refers to a literature review in the MEDLINE/PUBMED, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases. There was the incorporation of studies describing measures used to prevent the spread of COVID-19 among patients admitted to psychiatric institutions. The research articles that evaluated patients in partial follow-up at health facilities were excluded. Between 13 selected studies, two thematic categories were established: Measures adopted to reduce the transmission of COVID-19 in the admission of psychiatric patients; Measures adopted to reduce the transmission of COVID-19 during hospitalization of psychiatric patients. There are similarities and differences in the measures adopted by psychiatric hospitals. It was noted that admission and isolation policy for 14 days was a consensus. However, the testing method for screening Sars-CoV-2 differs between the realities. Concerning hospitalization, there is a similarity in the use of technologies in the care of psychiatric patients. In contrast, there is no standardization in the measures taken since, due to their structure; psychiatric hospitals have restrictions on the adoption of distance rules.

Cet article analyse les preuves scientifiques sur les mesures adoptées par les hôpitaux psychiatriques pour prévenir la contamination au COVID-19 chez les personnes hospitalisées. Il fait référence à une revue de la littérature dans les bases de données MEDLINE/PUBMED, Web of Science et EMBASE. Il y a eu l'incorporation d'études décrivant les mesures utilisées pour empêcher la propagation du COVID-19 parmi les patients admis dans des établissements psychiatriques. Les articles de recherche évaluant les patients lors d'un suivi partiel dans les établissements de santé ont été exclus. Entre 13 études sélectionnées, deux catégories thématiques ont été établies : les mesures adoptées pour réduire la transmission du COVID-19 lors de l'admission de patients psychiatriques ; mesures adoptées pour réduire la transmission du COVID-19 lors de l'hospitalisation des patients psychiatriques. Il existe des similitudes et des différences dans les mesures adoptées par les hôpitaux psychiatriques. Il a été noté que la politique d'admission et d'isolement pendant 14 jours faisait l'objet d'un consensus. Cependant, la méthode de test pour le dépistage du Sars-CoV-2 diffère selon les réalités. Concernant l'hospitalisation, il existe une similitude dans l'utilisation des technologies dans la prise en charge des patients psychiatriques. En revanche, il n'y a pas de standardisation dans les mesures prises car, en raison de leur structure, les hôpitaux psychiatriques ont des restrictions sur l'adoption de règles de distance.

Factors associated with violence against women by an intimate partner in Northeast Brazil.

This study examined the prevalence, and associated factors, of violence against women by an intimate partner amongst 369 women who attended nursing consultations at primary care centres in Northeast Brazil. Socio-demographic variables, substance use, mental health and the forms of violence were analysed. IPV was a reality for 65.4% of the women of reproductive age seen in the centres. IPV, including psychological violence, is associated with age, education and religion, particularly amongst female cannabis users whose partners were also substance users. Primary care providers are in a position to detect, screen, counsel and treat women who experience IPV.

Mental and behavioral disorders in workers: a study on work leave. / Transtornos mentais e comportamentais em trabalhadores: estudo sobre os afastamentos laborais.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze workers' cases of work leave caused by mental and behavioral disorders. METHOD: A cross-sectional census study conducted between June and July 2017 in which data were used from the National Social Security Institute database, with all workers' records. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and inferential tests. RESULTS: The sample included 2,449 workers. Workers who were on leave because of mental and behavioral disorders were mostly women, aged between 31 and 40 years and with an income of less than or equal to one or two minimum wages. The first and second reasons for work leave were mood disorders. Working in an urban setting was considered a risk factor for more than one work leave (p<0.05). The following disorders were strongly associated with more than one work leave (p<0.001): mood disorder; schizophrenia; schizotypal and delusional disorders; disorders related to the use of psychoactive substances; stress-related disorders; and somatoform disorders. CONCLUSION: Employers are encouraged to invest in the mental health of their workers with a view to promoting health and avoiding work leave.

Factors associated with workaholism in nurses' mental health: integrative review.

OBJECTIVE: to synthesize the main scientific evidence available on the factors associated with workaholism in nurses' mental health. METHOD: this is an integrative review carried out in seven databases. The sample consisted of 11 studies. The Level of Evidence classification followed the model described by Melnyk and Fineout-Overholt. Methodological quality was assessed using the Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies. Data analysis and synthesis were carried out in a qualitative and descriptive manner, respectively. RESULTS: the factors associated with workaholism were burnout, stress, anxiety, depression, sleep-related problems, low ability to concentrate and negative incidents at work, which affected the mental health of nurses. CONCLUSION: the synthesis revealed that workaholism was related to perceived stress at work, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and anxious and depressive symptoms, which resulted in low professional effectiveness and poor sleep quality among workaholic professionals.

Validation of the Brazilian version of the questionnaire for detection of sick building syndrome.

Objectives. This study aimed to perform content and construct validation of the questionnaire for detection of sick building syndrome for health-care workers in the Brazilian context; and to evaluate the length of employment in relation to the level of exposure to occupational risks that trigger occupational disease. Methods. This methodological and cross-sectional study consisted of validation of the questionnaire for detection of sick building syndrome for Brazil, and application of this to health workers. The questionnaire was validated through two axes: content and construct by contrasted groups. Results. The general index corresponded to 0.81, considering the instrument validated as to content. Fleiss' K index showed an inter-rater agreement of 68.59%, with a free margin of 0.53. Regarding the analysis by contrasted groups, there was a significant association with the two contrasted groups for time of work in the building and in the sector with some variables described as follows: age group, level of education, time of work in the position, satisfaction with the usual working hours, promotion of workers, etc. Conclusion. It is hoped that the validation of this questionnaire can contribute to a greater visibility of this pathology in the Brazilian worker's health scenario.

Sleep quality of nurses who worked in coping with COVID-19: an integrative review.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze sleep quality of nurses who worked coping with COVID-19 in scientific evidence. METHODS: an integrative review, carried out in seven databases, including studies between December 2021 and June 2022, without language restrictions. The sample consisted of 15 primary studies. RESULTS: nurses working in hospital, intensive care, outpatient care and teaching institutions constitute a vulnerable group for sleep disorders: latency, duration, efficiency and quality. The disorders identified involved insomnia at varying levels of severity: daytime dysfunction and morning sleepiness. Night work and low capacity for self-care were determinants of impaired sleep patterns. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: the COVID-19 pandemic contributed to greater vulnerability of nurses to changes in sleep, requiring strategies for risk management and well-being promotion.

Leave of absence due to depression.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the occurrence of leave of absence due to depression among workers. METHOD: census, descriptive-analytical study, with retrospective collection. Population composed of 2,267 workers on leave due to depression with data from the Unified Benefits Information System. The independent variables were: sex, age group, income; county, origin, number of leaves of absence and type of benefit. For data analysis, descriptive statistics were used and the chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were applied. The variables that presented a value of p≤0.20 were submitted to logistic regression. RESULTS: there was a predominance of females, age ≥50 years, from the capital, with income of one to two minimum wages, urban origin and single removal. Single leaves of absence occurred mainly due to a mild depressive episode and the benefit granted to the significant majority was social security sickness benefit. Among those who were on leave of absence more than once, the main cause was recurrent depressive disorder, a current mild episode and, in terms of benefit, social security sickness benefit. There was a statistical association between total time and absence from work. In logistic regression, it was found that the time ≥60 days, was 3.1 times longer in recurrent depressive disorder. CONCLUSION: there were an expressive quantitative number of absences due to depression, in which it was observed, especially, that the absence time remained long.

Prevalence and factors associated with the consumption of psychoactive substances by health care workers.

OBJECTIVE: to estimate prevalence and factors associated with the consumption of psychoactive substances among health care workers in hospitals. METHOD: cross-sectional study, with a sample of 289 health care professionals in a large hospital in Teresina, Piauí, Brazil. RESULTS: 243 (84.1%) reported consumption of psychoactive substances; 124 (86.7%) of professionals who classed their level of satisfaction as moderate had double the chance (OR = 1.98 CI95% 1.02- 3.85) of consuming psychoactive substances; 40 (93%) of those with low level of satisfaction showed a four times higher chance (OR = 4.05 CI95% 1.15-14.26) of consumption; and 72 (75.8%) of those who reported a "good" state of health before work had a 54% lower chance of consumption (OR= 0.46 CI95% 0.234-0919). CONCLUSION: consumption of psychoactive substances was associated with factors related to level of job satisfaction and perceived health status before work.

Harm reduction in primary healthcare: an integrative review of care strategies.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the evidence available in the literature on harm reduction actions developed by primary healthcare. METHOD: Integrative literature review carried out in the databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, SCOPUS, Web of ScienceTM and LILACS. RESULTS: Seventeen (17) primary studies published from 2008 to 2017 were included in this review. Care strategies for harm reduction included maintenance treatment with methadone, therapy with opioid agonists, needle and syringe distribution programs and the creation of rooms for supervised drug consumption. Health professionals were essential for consolidating inclusion strategies, possessing skills to listen without judgment and prejudice. CONCLUSION: Harm reduction care strategies have been disseminated in different countries and healthcare levels, aiming toward safe practice and quality, effective and risk-free care actions.

Primary care mental health: nurses' activities in the psychosocial care network.

OBJECTIVE: to describe and analyze the role of expert nurses in mental health in the Family Health Strategy. METHOD: a qualitative study, with 20 Basic Health Units nurses of Teresina, Piauí. The information was collected through semi-structured interviews from March to May 2017 and analyzed using the content analysis method. RESULTS: it was found that the conceptions of the mental health disease process were based on the biological model, there was little communication between mental health and basic network, nurses did not feel qualified to work mental health and there were few mental health actions in Primary Care. Final considerations: it becomes urgent to implement public policies that articulate mental health and Primary Care, raising awareness and continuing education for nurses.

Saúde mental na pós-graduação: reflexões e perspectivas sobre o adoecimento entre estudantes / Mental health in postgraduate programs: thoughts and perspectives on mental illness among the students

A educação de pós-graduação representa um caminho de importante valor na formação profissional e no desenvolvimento de pesquisas e estudos notáveis para a comunidade científica. Para tanto, a qualificação desse ensino é objetivo permanente dos programas de pós-graduação e advém do esforço coletivo entre coordenadores, docentes e discentes, além de parceiras com outras instituições nacionais e internacionais de ensino superior. Contudo, ainda que os caminhos sejam geralmente prósperos, a pós-graduação também resguarda desafios e dificuldades que podem ser obstáculos nessa experiência. Pesquisas recentes em saúde mental têm evidenciado a presença de sintomas depressivos, ansiosos ou de estresse entre os alunos de pós-graduação. Ainda que o adoecimento mental entre mestrandos e doutorandos seja um fenômeno complexo e multifacetado, algumas questões norteadoras podem ser pontuadas para o entendimento desse panorama. As volumosas exigências do curso e a dedicação intensa à construção do projeto de pesquisa, combinadas a um conjunto multidimensional de fatores sociais, individuais, econômicos e/ou interpessoais, têm potencial de impactar significativamente no equilíbrio psicoemocional dos pós-graduandos e podem ser fatores preditivos para o sofrimento mental. Além disso, a pressão contínua em manter a elevada produção de pesquisas originais de alta qualidade em periódicos de grande impacto científico ­muitas vezes, sob prazos rigorosos ­pode levar ao aumento dos sintomas de estresse agudo e a quedas na produtividade positiva em decorrência da sensação constante dos rendimentos muito abaixo das expectativas propostas

ostgraduate education represents a path of important value in professional training and in the development of remarkable research and studies for the scientific community. For this purpose, postgraduate programs are permanently aiming to provide proper teaching qualification achieved through a joint collective effort made by coordinators, teachers and students, as well as partnerships with other national and international higher education institutions.However, although the paths are generally prosperous, postgraduate programs also bring challenges and difficulties that may turn into obstacles in this experience. Recent research on mental health has highlighted the presence of symptoms related to depression, anxiety, or stress among postgraduate students. Although mental illness among master's and doctoral students is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon, some guiding questions can be highlighted to understand this scenario. The numerous requirements demanded by the course and the intense dedication necessary to construct a research project combined with a multidimensional set of social, individual, economic and/or interpersonal factors have the potential to significantly impact the psycho-emotional balance of postgraduate students and can also be predictive factors for mental distress. Furthermore, the continuous pressure to maintain a significant production of high-quality original research papers in journals of great scientific impact ­often under strict deadlines ­may lead to an increase in symptoms of acute stress and a decline in positive productivity as these students constantly feel that their outcome is way below the expectations.

Social security benefits for mental and behavioral disorders among workers in Piaui, Brazil, in 2014.

BACKGROUND: The characteristics of social security benefits changed over time as a function of modifications in the patterns of work organization. This process gave rise to new social vulnerabilities which include aspects visibly related to occupational health, as is the case of mental and behavioral disorders. OBJECTIVE: To describe temporary social security benefits granted by the National Social Security Institute (INSS) to workers with mental and behavioral disorders in Piaui, Brazil, in 2014. METHODS: Cross-sectional, descriptive and retrospective study based on INSS data collected in November 2015 relative to 2014. RESULTS: 1,473 benefits were granted along the analyzed period, 50.4% of which corresponded to male workers. Most beneficiaries resided in the state capital and had urban jobs. Mood disorders accounted for 47.7% of sick leaves. The mean duration of benefits was 112.6 days. There was significant difference in the duration of benefits according to their type (p<0.012), urban versus rural jobs (p<0.015) and sex (p=0.010). CONCLUSION: Mood disorders were the most frequent reason for sick leaves due to mental and behavioral disorders and the affected workers were granted social security benefits. The duration of leaves significantly differed as a function of the type of benefits, urban versus rural jobs and sex.

INTRODUÇÃO: Os benefícios previdenciários mudaram de características ao longo dos anos, em decorrência da modificação do padrão de organização do trabalho, que provocou novas vulnerabilidades sociais, nas quais emergiram questões mais evidentes relativas à saúde do trabalhador, como os transtornos mentais e comportamentais. OBJETIVO: Descrever os benefícios previdenciários temporários concedidos pelo Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social (INSS) para trabalhadores com transtornos mentais e comportamentais do estado do Piauí, no ano de 2014. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de estudo descritivo, de corte transversal, com coleta retrospectiva, realizado na cidade de Teresina, Piauí, Brasil, a partir de dados do INSS coletados no mês de novembro de 2015, referentes ao ano de 2014. RESULTADOS: No período foram concedidos 1.473 benefícios, dos quais 50,4% dos trabalhadores eram homens, a maioria procedente da capital, com atividade urbana. Destes, 47,7% afastaram-se por transtornos do humor. O tempo médio de benefício foi de 112,6 dias. Houve diferença significativa entre o tempo de benefício e o tipo de auxílio (p<0,012), a clientela (p<0,015) e o sexo dos trabalhadores afastados (p=0,010). CONCLUSÃO: A principal causa de afastamento por transtorno mental e comportamental decorreu dos transtornos do humor, cujo benefício caracterizou-se por ser previdenciário. Observou-se que houve diferença significativa entre o tempo de benefício e o tipo de auxílio, a clientela e o sexo dos trabalhadores afastados.

Work-related mental disorders among nursing professionals: a Brazilian integrative review.

Work-related mental disorders have several causes and might affect all healthcare professionals. Nursing professionals are exposed to high physical and psychological demands which contribute to the development of mental illnesses. The aim of the present study was to survey studies conducted in Brazil to investigate the causal relationship between mental disorders and nursing professionals' work. Integrative review of studies conducted in Brazil from 2010 to 2017. The literature search was performed on the Virtual Health Library database. Combination of descriptors and application of filters resulted in seven articles. Duplicates, doctoral dissertations and articles which did not meet the study aims were excluded. Mental suffering impairs the family, social, personal and professional life of nursing professionals, their studies, self-comprehension and understanding of others, self-criticism ability, acceptance of problems and possibility to take pleasure in life as a whole. The physical load resulting from a large volume of activities, understaffing, large numbers of patients and psychological pressure in the workplace contribute to the development of mental disorders. The pressure to which nursing professionals are exposed in the workplace and double shifts, together with coping modalities and low salary contribute to sick leaves due to mental disorders. However, broader scoped studies are needed.

A relação entre os transtornos mentais em decorrência do trabalho decorre de várias causas e pode atingir todos os profissionais de saúde. A equipe de enfermagem se submete a altas demandas físicas e psicológicas que colaboram para o adoecimento mental. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho objetivou levantar estudos brasileiros com vistas a identificar a relação causal entre os transtornos mentais e o trabalho dos profissionais da enfermagem. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de estudos brasileiros do período de 2010 a 2017. Para o levantamento bibliográfico foi utilizado o banco de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. Por meio da associação entre os descritores e filtragem foram obtidos sete artigos. O método de exclusão foi aplicado àqueles que correspondiam a artigos repetidos, teses e os que não se enquadravam no objetivo do estudo. Com isso, descobriu-se que o sofrimento psíquico prejudica a vida familiar, social, pessoal, laboral, os estudos, a compreensão de si mesmo e dos outros, a capacidade de autocrítica, a aceitação dos problemas e a possibilidade de ter prazer na vida em geral. A carga física através de grande volume de atividades, déficit de pessoal e número elevado de pacientes, bem como a pressão psicológica sobre o trabalho, contribuem para o surgimento de transtornos mentais. Portanto, as pressões sofridas pelo trabalhador da enfermagem no ambiente laboral e as jornadas duplas de trabalho, associadas ao modo de enfrentamento do trabalhador e à baixa remuneração contribuem para o afastamento por transtornos mentais. Entretanto, se faz necessária a realização de estudos mais amplos.

Prevalence of anxious and depressive symptoms in college students of a public institution.

OBJECTIVE: Identify the prevalence of anxious and depressive symptoms and their correlations with sociodemographic and occupational characteristics in university students. METHOD: This is census, cross-sectional and analytical study, developed with nursing students of a federal public university in the Northeast of Brazil in the months of September and October 2016. 205 university students of all the periods of the course attended the study. Beck's inventories for anxiety and depression were applied. RESULTS: Most of the participants were female, single, native of the state capital and living with his parents. The prevalence of depression was 30.2% and of anxiety, 62.9%. Association between the level of depressive symptoms, work, sex and leisure was identified. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of symptoms of anxiety and depression was quite expressive, lacking, thus, more attention to the promotion of mental health of nursing students.

Prevalence of anxiety disorders as a cause of workers' absence.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the prevalence of various anxiety disorders among mental and behavioral disorders as a cause for the leave of absence of workers in the state of Piauí. METHOD: transversal census-based study performed with data from the National Social Security Institute. Four-hundred twelve leaves of absence of workers due to anxiety disorders in the 2015-2016 biennium were included. RESULTS: higher prevalence was found for mixed anxiety-depressed disorder (31.2%), followed by other anxious disorders (20.6%) and generalized anxiety (14.1%). Ages from 22 to 45 years old prevailed in the group of individuals with duration of absence greater than or equal to 41 days, with statistically significant difference (p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant association (p = 0.004) between rural activity and increased time of absence. CONCLUSION: the study draws attention to the prevalence of "other anxiety disorders" as the cause of leave of absence, with emphasis on mixed anxiety-depressed disorder.

Sleep quality of nurses who worked in coping with COVID-19: an integrative review / Calidad del sueño de enfermeros que actuaron en el enfrentamiento a la COVID-19: revisión integradora / Qualidade do sono de enfermeiros que atuaram no enfrentamento da COVID-19: revisão integrativa

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze sleep quality of nurses who worked coping with COVID-19 in scientific evidence. Methods: an integrative review, carried out in seven databases, including studies between December 2021 and June 2022, without language restrictions. The sample consisted of 15 primary studies. Results: nurses working in hospital, intensive care, outpatient care and teaching institutions constitute a vulnerable group for sleep disorders: latency, duration, efficiency and quality. The disorders identified involved insomnia at varying levels of severity: daytime dysfunction and morning sleepiness. Night work and low capacity for self-care were determinants of impaired sleep patterns. Final considerations: the COVID-19 pandemic contributed to greater vulnerability of nurses to changes in sleep, requiring strategies for risk management and well-being promotion.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar la calidad del sueño de enfermeros que actuaron frente a la COVID-19 en evidencia científica. Métodos: revisión integradora, realizada en siete bases de datos, incluyendo estudios entre diciembre de 2021 y junio de 2022, sin restricciones de idioma. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 15 estudios primarios. Resultados: los enfermeros que trabajan en instituciones hospitalarias, de cuidados intensivos, de atención ambulatoria y de enseñanza constituyen un grupo vulnerable para los trastornos del sueño: latencia, duración, eficiencia y calidad. Los trastornos identificados involucraron insomnio en diferentes niveles de severidad: disfunción diurna y somnolencia matutina. El trabajo nocturno y la baja capacidad de autocuidado fueron determinantes de los patrones de sueño alterados. Consideraciones finales: la pandemia de COVID-19 contribuyó para mayor vulnerabilidad de los enfermeros a los cambios en el sueño, requiriendo estrategias de gestión de riesgos y promoción del bienestar.

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar nas evidências científicas a qualidade do sono de enfermeiros que atuaram no enfrentamento da COVID-19. Métodos: revisão integrativa, realizada em sete bases de dados, incluindo estudos entre dezembro de 2021 e junho de 2022, sem restrições de idioma. A amostra foi constituída por 15 estudos primários. Resultados: os enfermeiros atuantes na assistência hospitalar, intensiva, ambulatorial e de instituição de ensino constituem grupo vulnerável para alterações no sono: latência, duração, eficiência e qualidade. Os transtornos identificados envolveram a insônia em níveis variados de gravidade: a disfunção diurna e a sonolência matinal. O trabalho noturno e a baixa capacidade para autocuidado foram determinantes do comprometimento no padrão de sono. Considerações finais: a pandemia de COVID-19 contribuiu para maior vulnerabilidade do enfermeiro às alterações no sono, exigindo estratégias para gerenciamento do risco e da promoção do bem-estar.

CONSUMO DE SUBSTÂNCIAS PSICOATIVAS POR PROFISSIONAIS MÉDICO S DE UM HOSPITAL DE ALTA COMPLEXIDADE / CONSUMPTION OF PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES BY MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS AT A HIGH COMPLEXITY HOSPITAL / CONSUMO DE SUSTANCIAS PSICOACTIVAS POR PROFESIONALES MÉDICOS EN UN HOSPITAL DE ALTA COMPLEJIDAD

Objetivo: analisar o consumo de substâncias psicoativas por médicos de um hospital de alta complexidade do estado do Piauí. Método: estudo transversal realizado com 90 profissionais. A coleta dos dados ocorreu entre dezembro de 2018 e julho de 2019, por meio de questionário semiestruturado, composto por variáveis sociodemográficas, ocupacionais e relacionadas à saúde e ao consumo de substâncias psicoativas, além dos instrumentos Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test e o Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva, odds ratio, teste de qui-quadrado e teste de correlação de Pearson. Resultados: Dentre as substâncias psicoativas mais consumidas, destacou-se o álcool (94%). Dentre as ilícitas, verificou-se o uso de maconha (97,6%) e inalantes (97,6%). Quanto às motivações para o consumo de substâncias psicoativas, o uso recreativo (57,7%) e para relaxamento (26,6%) foram mais prevalentes; em relação ao contexto, predominou o uso para descanso (48,8%). De modo geral, os participantes apresentaram baixo risco para o consumo de substâncias psicoativas. Conclusão: O comportamento de risco identificado direciona a atenção para demandas de cuidado em saúde mental. Assim, emerge a necessidade de fortalecer o círculo de proteção em saúde do trabalhador voltado ao enfrentamento da problemática

Aim: to analyze the consumption of psychoactive substances by physicians at a high complexity hospital in the state of Piauí. Method: cross-sectional study carried out with 90 professionals. Data collection took place between December 2018 and July 2019, through a semi -structured questionnaire, composed of sociodemographic, occupational and health -related variables and psychoactive substance consumption, as well the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, odds ratio, chisquare test and Pearson correlation test. Results: Among the most consumed psychoactive substances, the alcohol presented highlighted (94,0%). Among the illicit, we identified use of marijuana (97,6%) and inhalants (97,6%). Regarding the motivations for the consumption of psychoactive substances, recreational use (57,7%) and relaxation (26,6%) were more prevalent; as for the context, use for rest predominated (48.8%). In general, participants showed a low risk for the consumption of psychoactive substances. Conclusion: Identified risk behaviors direct attention to the demands of mental health care. Therefore, the need to strengthen the workers' health protection circle arises, focused on facing this problem

Objetivo: analizar el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas por médicos de un hospital de alta complejidad en el estado de Piauí. Método: estudio transversal realizado con 90 profesionales. La recolección de datos se realizó entre diciembre de 2018 y julio de 2019, a través de un cuestionario semiestructurado, compuesto por variables sociodemográficas, laborales, de salud y consumo de psicotrópicos, además del Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test y el Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Los datos fueron analizados mediante estadística descriptiva, razón de momios, prueba de chicuadrado y correlación de Pearson. Resultados: Entre las sustancias psicoactivas más consumidas el alcohol mostró destacado (94,0%). Entre los ilícitos, estaba el uso de marihuana (97,6%) e inhalables (97,6%). Con respecto a las motivaciones para el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, prevalecieron: uso recreativo (57,7%) y relajación (26,6%); en cuanto al contexto, predominó el uso para el descanso (48,8%). En general, los participantes mostraron un riesgo bajo para el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas. Conclusión: Las conductas de riesgo identificadas orientan la atención a las demandas de cuidado en salud mental. Por lo tanto, surge la necesidad de fortalecer el círculo de protección de la salud de los trabajadores, centrado en enfrentar esto.

Efeito do relaxamento muscular progressivo em adultos com sintomas de ansiedade / Effect of progressive muscle relaxation in adults with anxiety symptoms / Efecto de la relajación muscular progresiva en adultos con síntomas de ansiedad

Objetivo: avaliar a efetividade da aplicação da técnica de relaxamento muscular progressivo de Jacobson na redução de sintomas de ansiedade leves e moderados em adultos. Método: estudo quase-experimental, com amostra de 108 adultos usuários da Estratégia Saúde da Família, realizado entre março e agosto de 2019. Para análise estatística descritiva e inferencial, foram utilizados: medidas de tendência central, Teste Qui-Quadrado de Pearson, Exato de Fisher, Mann-Whitney e Wilcoxon (nível de significância de 5%). Resultados: no primeiro momento, os grupos apresentaram homogeneidade em relação às características (p= 0,707) e aos escores dos níveis de ansiedade (p=0,463). No segundo momento, mostraram heterogeneidade e independência relacionados às características (p=0,001) e aos escores (p=0,001). Conclusão: a aplicação da técnica demonstrou melhoria dos sintomas ansiosos do grupo experimental (p=0,001), com maior efetividade nos participantes com sintomas leves (p 0,010), sexo feminino, adulto jovem, histórico de situação estressora recente e com problemas com o sono (p<0,001)(AU)

Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of applying Jacobson's progressive muscle relaxation technique in reducing mild and moderate anxiety symptoms in adults. Method: quasi-experimental study, with a sample of 108 adult users of the Family Health Strategy, carried out from March to August 2019. For descriptive and inferential statistical analysis, the following were used: measures of central tendency, Pearson's Chi-Square Test, Exact Fisher, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon (5% significance level). Results: at first, the groups were homogeneous in terms of characteristics (p=0.707) and anxiety levels scores (p=0.463). In the second moment, they showed heterogeneity and independence related to characteristics (p=0.001) and scores (p=0.001). Conclusion: the application of the technique showed an improvement in anxiety symptoms in the experimental group (p=0.001), with greater effectiveness in participants with mild symptoms (p=0.010), female, young adult, history of recent stressful situation and with problems with sleep (p<0.001)(AU)

Objetivo: evaluar la efectividad de la aplicación de la técnica de relajación muscular progresiva de Jacobson en la reducción de los síntomas de ansiedad leve y moderada en adultos. Método: estudio cuasiexperimental, con una muestra de 108 adultos usuarios de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia, realizado de marzo a agosto de 2019. Para el análisis estadístico descriptivo e inferencial se utilizaron: medidas de tendencia central, test Chi-Cuadrado de Pearson, Exacto de Fisher, Mann-Whitney y Wilcoxon (nivel de significancia del 5%). Resultados: en un principio, los grupos fueron homogéneos en cuanto a las características (p=0,707) y a los puntajes de niveles de ansiedad (p=0,463). En el segundo momento, mostraron heterogeneidad e independencia respecto a las características (p=0,001) y puntajes (p=0,001). Conclusión: la aplicación de la técnica mostró una mejoría en los síntomas de ansiedad en el grupo experimental (p=0,001), con mayor efectividad en los participantes con síntomas leves (p=0,010), sexo femenino, adulto joven, antecedente de situación estresante reciente y con tratornos de sueño (p<0,001)(AU)

Tecnologias educacionais em saúde mental para trabalhadores: revisão integrativa / Tecnologías educativas en salud mental para trabajadores: revisión integradora de la literatura / Education technologies in mental health for workers: an integrative review

Resumo Objetivo Identificar na literatura científica as tecnologias educacionais em saúde mental desenvolvidas ou voltadas para os trabalhadores. Métodos Revisão integrativa, realizada em maio de 2021, nas bases de dados Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), acessada por meio do portal PubMed; Scopus; Web of Science e Embase. Utilizou-se a estratégia População Interesse Contexto, na qual foram combinados descritores controlados e não controlados com os operadores booleanos OR e AND. Para tanto, fez-se uso do Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. A análise crítica e a síntese qualitativa dos oito estudos selecionados foram realizadas de forma descritiva. Resultados Das tecnologias utilizadas para educação em saúde mental de trabalhadores, houve predomínio de vídeos educativos. Ademais, também surgiram outros tipos de tecnologias, como: softwares e material por escrito. Sete tecnologias demonstraram aumento do conhecimento dos trabalhadores que foram submetidos a elas. Quanto aos temas que foram abordados, houve predominância da depressão e da demência. Conclusão Foi possível observar que as tecnologias utilizadas colaboraram com o conhecimento sobre a saúde mental de trabalhadores.

Resumen Objetivo Identificar en la literatura científica las tecnologías educativas en salud mental desarrolladas o destinadas a los trabajadores. Métodos Revisión integradora, realizada en mayo de 2021, en las bases de datos Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), a la que se ingresó por medio del portal PubMed; Scopus; Web of Science y Embase. Se utilizó la estrategia Población Interés Contexto, en la cual se combinaron descriptores controlados y no controlados con los operadores booleanos OR y AND. Para eso, se usó el Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. De los ocho estudios seleccionados, se realizó el análisis crítico y la síntesis cualitativa de forma descriptiva. Resultados De las tecnologías utilizadas para la educación en salud mental de trabajadores, predominaron los videos educativos. También surgieron otros tipos de tecnologías, como software y material escrito. Siete tecnologías demostraron un aumento del conocimiento de los trabajadores que las utilizaron. Respecto a los temas que fueron abordados, predominaron depresión y demencia. Conclusión Fue posible observar que las tecnologías utilizadas colaboraron con el conocimiento sobre la salud mental de trabajadores.

Abstract Objective To identify in the scientific literature the educational technologies in mental health developed for or directed at workers. Methods This integrative review was carried out in May 2021 on the databases Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), accessed through the PubMed portal, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase. The Population, Interest, Context strategy was used, in which controlled and uncontrolled descriptors were combined with Boolean operators OR and. For such, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses were used. The critical analysis and qualitative synthesis of the eight selected studies were performed descriptively. Results Among the technologies used for the mental health education of workers, there was a predominance of educational videos. Moreover, other technology types such as software and written materials also emerged. Seven technologies demonstrated an increase in the knowledge of workers subjected to them. Regarding the addressed themes, there was a predominance of depression and dementia. Conclusion It was possible to observe that the technologies used collaborated with the mental health knowledge of workers.

Occupational risk between nursing workes in Intensive Therapy Unit.

BACKGROUND: The global records of occupational accidents and diseases are alarming, having serious consequences for victims and their families. Among hospital settings, the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is considered to be the most tense, traumatic and aggressive, due to its heavy work routine and the constant risks to which the staff is exposed. Nurses are some among the professionals who are constantly exposed to various risk factors. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the occupational hazards to which ICU nursing professionals are exposed in the national and international literature. Methods: Integrative literature review conducted in databases LILACS, CINAHL, MEDLINE and SciELO from July to August 2015. RESULTS: Most studies were published in Brazilian journals (66.6%), however, little difference was found by comparison to international studies with the same perspective. DISCUSSION: The ICU setting exhibits a wide variety of risks, which are considerably minimized when nursing professionals make correct use of personal protective equipment. CONCLUSION: Hospitals should develop effective educational strategies for professionals to make correct use of the equipment. In addition, workers should have accurate knowledge of the risks to which they are exposed and how they might affect their health and quality of life.

CONTEXTO: Os registros de acidentes de trabalho e doenças profissionais no mundo são alarmantes e possuem graves consequências para as vítimas e seus familiares. Entre os ambientes hospitalares, a Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) é considerada como a mais tensa, traumatizante e agressiva, em decorrência da rotina de trabalho intensa e dos riscos constantes à equipe. Dentre esses profissionais, a enfermagem é uma das equipes que está constantemente exposta a vários fatores de risco. OBJETIVO: Analisar na literatura nacional e internacional quais são os riscos ocupacionais a que os trabalhadores de enfermagem estão expostos em UTI. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nas bases de dados LILACS, CINAHL, MEDLINE e na biblioteca eletrônica SciELO no período de julho a agosto de 2015. RESULTADOS: Os estudos são, em maioria, publicados em periódicos nacionais (66,6%), mas com pouca evidência de diferenças quando comparados a estudos internacionais dessa mesma perspectiva. DISCUSSÃO: O ambiente de trabalho da UTI apresenta os mais diversos tipos de riscos, mas esses são consideravelmente minimizados se os profissionais de enfermagem fizerem o uso correto dos equipamentos de proteção individual. CONCLUSÃO: Instituições hospitalares devem desenvolver estratégias educativas efetivas para que esses profissionais usem os equipamentos corretamente. Além disso, esses trabalhadores devem conhecer os riscos a que estão expostos e compreender o quanto isso pode afetar a sua saúde e a sua qualidade de vida.