[Quality of life of caregivers for patients of cerebrovascular accidents: association of (socio-demographic) characteristics and burden]. / Qualidade de vida de cuidadores de indivíduos com acidente vascular encefálico: associação com características e sobrecarga.

OBJECTIVE: Investigating the association between quality of life with socio-demographic characteristics and the burden of caregivers for individuals with cerebrovascular accident sequelae. METHOD: A descriptive, cross-sectional study with a sample composed of 136 caregivers. For data collection, a semi-structured questionnaire, the Barthel, Burden Interview and Short-Form-36 scales were used. Correlation analysis, t-Student test and F-test were used for the analysis in order to compare averages. RESULTS: Significant averages in quality of life were demonstrated in association with female caregivers and those over 60 years in the field 'functional capacity,' and in the domains of 'mental health' and 'vitality' for those with higher income. Regarding burden association, the highlighted areas were 'functional capacity,' 'physical aspects,' 'emotional aspects' and 'pain.' CONCLUSION: The creation of public policies and social support to effectively reduce the burden on caregivers is a necessity.

[Burden in family caregivers of the elderly: prevalence and association with characteristics of the elderly and the caregivers]. / Sobrecarga de cuidadores familiares de idosos: prevalência e associação com características do idoso e do cuidador.

A cross-sectional, epidemiological study aimed to estimate the prevalence of burden among family caregivers of impaired elderly residents in the city of João Pessoa, and to identify associations between the mean burden and social and demographic characteristics of the elderly and the caregivers. A total number of 240 elderly residents in a previously drawn census tract participated in this research. The sample was composed of 52 elderly and their caregivers. For data collection, a questionnaire was applied with questions on social and demographic characteristics of elderly and caregivers, and the Burden Interview Scale was used. Results showed a high prevalence of burden among caregivers (84.6%), in which a statistically significant association was found with the following characteristics: retired elderly, elderly as head of family, spousal caregivers, and caregivers with less education. The findings of this study may contribute to the development of activities focused on formal and emotional support for the caregivers.

Clinical validation of nursing diagnosis Fragile Elderly Syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: to clinically validate the nursing diagnosis of NANDA-I Frail Elderly Syndrome in hospitalized elderly. METHOD: a methodological study, guided by the STROBE instrument, composed of 40 elderly people admitted to a teaching hospital in Paraíba, Brazil. The last phase of Hoskins' Nursing Diagnostic Validation Model: clinical validation was adopted. Data collection took place from August to December 2018. The data were analyzed using univariate descriptive statistics. It was approved by the hospital's ethics and research committee. RESULTS: nine defining characteristics were validated; seven risk factors; six populations at risk and two associated conditions. CONCLUSION: the validation of the nursing diagnosis of the Frail Elderly Syndrome in our socio-cultural context was considered appropriate, being an important step for critical thinking that underlies the decision-making of nurses in the care of the frail elderly, as well as professional practice.

Elderly vulnerability: concept development.

OBJECTIVE: Propose the concept of vulnerability of the elderly based on the Hybrid Concept Development Model. METHOD: Methodological study with a qualitative approach, based on the theoretical-methodological framework of the Hybrid Concept Development Model. Initially, an integrative literature review was carried out, followed by empirical collection through semi-structured interviews with 12 professionals. As a method of analysis of the interviews, the Grounded Theory was used. The final analytical phase constituted the interface between theoretical and empirical evidence. RESULTS: When carrying out the theoretical survey, it became possible to outline the attributes, antecedents and consequences of the studied phenomenon. After analyzing the empirical data, two phenomena emerged: Unveiling the multiple changes arising from the human aging process; and Understanding the multiple dimensions of the elderly person's vulnerability construct. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The vulnerability of the elderly person consists of a multifaceted construct, in which individual and collective conditions interact with each other.

Frailty syndrome in the elderly: conceptual analysis according to Walker and Avant.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the concept of "frailty syndrome" in the literature, according to the method proposed by Walker and Avant. METHODS: It is a concept analysis, guided by the method proposed by Walker and Avant, made operational through an integrative literature review. The search in a scientific database was carried out using the descriptors: Frail elderly, syndrome, phenotype, geriatric assessment, and aging. The literary corpus comprised 66 studies. RESULTS: The study found the antecedents and attributes (categorized as physical, sociodemographic, and behavioral/environmental) that integrate the signs and symptoms evidenced in the "frailty syndrome," as well as the consequences of this concept. The variables were analyzed with emphasis on the conceptions that influence the frailty process of the elderly. CONCLUSION: The study demonstrated the complexity arising from the multifactorial genesis of the referred syndrome, emphasizing the specificities of the elderly's frailty. However, we recommend conducting further research involving the phenomenon in question to understand the construct better.

Comfort needs as perceived by hospitalized elders: an analysis under the light of Kolcaba's theory.

OBJECTIVE: To reveal the Comfort needs as perceived by hospitalized elders, using Kolcaba's theory. METHODS: Descriptive and qualitative study, with 11 elders hospitalized in a university hospital, aiming to identify their needs for Comfort. RESULTS: Discourses were categorized in four thematic units: Physical, Environmental, Sociocultural, and Psychospiritual. In the Physical context, several subcategories were found, namely, Symptom Relief; Daily Life Activities; Hygiene and personal care; Diet; Sleep and rest. In the Environmental context, the Comfort was considered to be superior than in the elders' home; in the Sociocultural one, family bonds were found to become more distant, triggering feelings of missing one's family and isolation, in the Psychospiritual context, spirituality and religiosity stood out. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The Comfort needs of the hospitalized elders enable one to reflect on nursing care, offering information to improve the quality of assistance and to attend to the real needs of the elderly.

Validation of Bakas Caregiving Outcome Scale for brazilian portuguese.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the psychometric properties of the adapted version of Bakas Caregiving Outcome Scale for Brazilian Portuguese. METHOD: this is a cross-sectional methodological study conducted with 151 informal caregivers of people with cerebral vascular accident sequelae enrolled in Family Health Units. To assess reliability, Cronbach's alpha was used. Construct validity was verified through exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and correlation with measures of instruments that evaluate correlated constructs. RESULTS: Cronbach's alpha for the total BCOS score was 0.89. Factor and exploratory analysis generated a one-factor structure, which was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. Construct validity was supported by the high positive correlations with Negative Affect (r = 0.51) and Negative Experience (r = 0.47) of the Well-being Scale and the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale -21 (r = 0.53) and negative correlations with Positive Affect (r =-0.47) and Positive Experience (r = -0.17) of the Well-being scale. CONCLUSION: Bakas Caregiving Outcome Scale shows evidence of satisfactory reliability and validity in family caregivers of cerebral vascular accident survivors.

Burden on caregivers of patients with sequelae of cerebrovascular accident.

OBJECTIVES: to evaluate the burden and its relationship with the sociodemographic characteristics of caregivers of people with sequelae of stroke. METHODS: a cross-sectional, exploratory, and quantitative study was conducted with 151 caregivers of people with sequelae of stroke, through home interviews between September and December 2017. RESULTS: there was a general mean of low burden. The items that indicated the worst changes were: "My time for social activities with friends," "My time for family activities," "My ability to cope with stress," and "My physical functioning." There was an association of burden with the female sex and with caregivers who have been assisting for longer. CONCLUSIONS: the results allow us to reflect on the need to create a policy aimed at family caregivers to reduce the impact of care delivery.

[Tension attributes of the family caregiver of frail older adults]. / Atributos da tensão do cuidador familiar de idosos dependentes.

The objective of this study was to assess both theoretically and empirically the tension attributes of the family caregiver of frail older adults. The theoretical phase consisted of analyzing 52 studies addressing this issue. The analysis showed that the phenomenon is evidenced by the caregiver through physical and emotional changes, unbalance between activity and rest, and compromised individual coping. In the field phase, an assessment was made of 30 women who, during the nursing consultation, showed evidence of tension due to their role as caregiver. Data collection was performed through interviews at home, which were recorded and followed a script created based on the theoretical findings. Every time it was considered adequate, excerpts from the caregivers' discourses were added to improve understanding. The empirical assessment confirmed the tension attributes revealed in the theoretical analysis.

[Social roles of gender in the old age: the look of yourself and of the other]. / Papéis sociais de gênero na velhice: o olhar de si e do outro.

This study had the objective to collect the self and the others perception of elderly men and women about the social roles of gender in the extent of the old age. The empirical material was captured by a workshop of reflection, involving six men and ten women who accept to be on the research. The data was examined by the technical of speech analysis, being based on the gender respect. The discoveries demonstrate that the elderly demand, as for themselves as for the other (of the opposite sex), the exercise of social roles certain by verified standards in the extend of the sexist society, established starting from the made relationships between the public and the private domains, being the masculine associated to the public world, and the feminine, to the house domain.

[Determinatives of family caregiver's tension while caring the dependent elderly]. / Determinantes da tensão do cuidador familiar de idosos dependentes.

This study had as objective investigate the determinatives of the tension of the dependent elderly's family caregiver. Its accomplish happened in the domestic scenery, involving thirty principal caregivers. The data were collected by a recorded and estructured interview. The analyses of the objective data was made by means of a quantitative approach. The discursive data, for being collected through a structured instrument, dispensed analytic procedure, being distribute between questions that referee in the way of amply your comprehension. The results appoint that the investigated phenomenon starts from determinatives related to the caregiver, to the elderly's deficits, to the interection elderly/caregiver, to the environment, and related to the care demands.

[Determinatives of the tension of the dependent elderly's family caregiver]. / Determinantes da tensão do cuidador familiar de idosos dependentes.

This study had as objective investigate the determinatives of the tension of the dependent elderly's family caregiver. Its accomplish happened in the domestic scenery, involving thirty principal caregivers. The data were collected by a recorded and structured interview. The analyses of the objective data was made by means of a quantitative approach. The discursive data, for being collected through a structured instrument, dispensed analytic procedure, being distribute between questions that referee in the way of amply your comprehension. The results appoint that the investigated phenomenon starts from determinatives related to the caregiver, to the elderly's deficits, to the interection elderly/caregiver, to the environment, and related to the care demands.

Vulnerability of the elderly: a conceptual analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the concept of vulnerability of the elderly. METHOD: A concept analysis, according to the method proposed by Walker and Avant, operationalized through integrative review through search in scientific data portals using the. DESCRIPTORS: Health vulnerability, aged, health services for the aged, health of the elderly, vulnerable populations and geriatric health services. To compose the literary corpus, 36 studies were selected. RESULTS: Concept antecedents, as well as its attributes, were identified in individual, social and programmatic characteristics, which make up the characteristics of "vulnerability of the elderly", besides consequences of the phenomenon. These characteristics were analyzed with emphasis on aspects that contribute to the process of vulnerability of the elderly. CONCLUSION: The study demonstrated the multidimensionality of the phenomena studied, highlighting the peculiarities of vulnerability during aging. However, there is a need for further studies on the construct.

Risk of falls in hospitalized elderly people. / Risco de quedas em pessoas idosas hospitalizadas.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the risk of falls in hospitalized elderly people. METHOD: Cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, carried out at University Hospital of the State of Paraíba. The sample consisted of 284 elderly subjects interviewed from April to October 2016. The Morse Fall Scale was used to evaluate the risk of falls. RESULTS: Elderly males (52.5%) aged between 60 and 69 years old (58.1%) and who were not literate (38.7%), prevailed. It was verified that 45% of the sample presented a high risk of falls. The secondary diagnosis and the use of intravenous therapy were the criteria that obtained a higher percentage of elderly at risk. Diuretics (p≤0.032), urinary incontinence (p≤0.001), visual deficit (p≤0.001) and heart failure (p≤0.001) were significantly associated with the high risk of falls. CONCLUSION: The use of specific tools in the prevention of falls allows the improvement in the quality of assistance based on scientific evidence, allowing effective intervention and potentiating patient safety.

Analysis of the concept of Meaningful Learning in light of the Ausubel's Theory.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the concept of Meaningful Learning, according to David Ausubel's Theory. METHOD: Integrative review using the Meleis's Theoretical Analysis model. RESULTS: The following were identified as antecedents: Previous students' knowledge, potentially meaningful instructional material and student's willingness to learn. The attributes found were: Existence of previous knowledge that allows the connection with the new knowledge; interaction of previous and new knowledge in the cognitive structure; expansion of the cognitive structure through the incorporation of prior knowledge with the new. The consequent ones found: Existence of new knowledge in the cognitive structure of the student, that generate sense and meaning in the cognitive system of the student and that confers importance to him according to the utility for his daily life. CONCLUSION: The conceptual analysis carried out contributed to the establishment of a more complete definition for Meaningful Learning, which can be appreciated in teaching and research, regardless of the area of activity.

Intervenções de enfermagem para prevenção de quedas em pessoas idosas hospitalizadas: revisão integrativa / Nursing interventions for fall prevention in hospitalized aged people: an integrative review

RESUMO Objetivo identificar intervenções de enfermagem para prevenção de quedas em pessoas idosas hospitalizadas. Métodos revisão integrativa desenvolvida nas bases de dados Web of Science, MEDLINE/PubMed, SCOPUS, CINAHL e LILACS utilizando a estratégia PICo com descritores controlados e suas combinações mediante os operadores booleanos AND e OR. Incluíram-se estudos abordando as intervenções para prevenção de quedas em pessoas idosas no contexto hospitalar, sem limitação geográfica ou de idioma, a partir de 2004 com a criação da The World Alliance for Patient Safety. Três revisores trabalharam nas citações, com uso do EndNote basic e Rayyan, alcançando amostra final de 20 estudos. Resultados foram identificadas 202 intervenções de enfermagem para prevenção de quedas em pessoas idosas hospitalizadas, categorizadas em seis domínios da Nursing Interventions Classification (Fisiológico: básico; Fisiológico: complexo; Comportamental; Segurança; Família; Sistemas de Saúde). Conclusão identificaram-se intervenções de enfermagem para prevenção de quedas em pessoas idosas hospitalizadas, o que fornece subsídios para construção de protocolos assistenciais e melhorias da assistência. Contribuições para a prática: os resultados permitem que o enfermeiro possa prevenir a ocorrência de quedas, pondo em prática achados científicos consistentes desde o planejamento de ações até a execução e reavaliação dos resultados com a equipe.

ABSTRACT Objective to identify nursing interventions for fall prevention in hospitalized aged people. Methods integrative review developed on the Web of Science, MEDLINE/PubMed, SCOPUS, CINAHL and LILACS databases using the PICo strategy with controlled descriptors and their combinations using the Boolean operators AND and OR. Studies addressing interventions to prevent falls in aged people in the hospital setting were included, without geographical or language limitation, from 2004 with the creation of The World Alliance for Patient Safety. Three reviewers worked on the citations, using EndNote basic and Rayyan, reaching a final sample of 20 studies. Results 202 nursing interventions were identified for fall prevention in hospitalized aged people, categorized into six domains of the Nursing Interventions Classification (Physiological: basic; Physiological: complex; Behavioral; Safety; Family; Health Systems). Conclusion nursing interventions were identified for the prevention of falls in hospitalized aged people, which provides subsidies for the construction of care protocols and improvements in care. Contributions to practice: the results allow nurses to prevent the occurrence of falls, putting into practice consistent scientific findings from the planning of actions to the execution and reassessment of results with the team.

Saúde do idoso no contexto do crescimento populacional e das legislações: uma pesquisa ex-post-facto / Health of the elderly in the context of population growth and legislation: an ex-post-fact research / Salud de las personas mayores en el contexto del crecimiento de la población y la legislación: una investigación ex-post-hecho

Objetivo: Conhecer a realidade da atenção à saúde dos idosos no município de João Pessoa no período de 2002 a 2012 iluminando a correlação entre os fenômenos do crescimento populacional e as legislações específicas sobre o tema. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa do tipo ex-post-factor relacionando a descrição de fatos já ocorridos e seu significado na prática. Resultados: As Portarias 702 de 12/04/2002 e 249 de 16/04/2002, ambas do Ministério da Saúde, criaram, respectivamente, as Redes Estaduais de Assistência à Saúde do Idoso e os Centros de Referência em Atenção à Saúde do Idoso, que não superaram os problemas desta área, devido as carências estruturais (materiais) e profissionais (humanas) dos hospitais gerais. Conclusão: A solução jurídica proposta nas Portarias não se efetivaram e o contingente de idosos do município de João Pessoa encontra-se desamparado, em termos de aportes estruturais e profissionais. (AU)

Objective: Know the reality of health care for the elderly in the city of João Pessoa from 2002 to 2012, highlighting the correlation between the phenomena of population growth and the specific legislation on the subject. Methods: This is an ex-post-factor type research relating the description of facts that have already occurred and their meaning in practice. Results: Ordinances 702 of 12/04/2002 and 249 of 16/04/2002, both from the Ministry of Health, created, respectively, the State Health Assistance Networks for the Elderly and the Reference Centers in Elderly Health Care, who have not overcome the problems in this area, due to the structural (material) and professional (human) deficiencies of general hospitals. Conclusion: The legal solution proposed in the Ordinances has not been implemented and the contingent of elderly people in the city of João Pessoa is helpless, in terms of structural and professional contributions. (AU)

Objetivo: Conocer la realidad de la atención de la salud de las personas mayores en la ciudad de João Pessoa de 2002 a 2012, destacando la correlación entre los fenómenos de crecimiento poblacional y la legislación específica sobre el tema. Métodos: Se trata de una investigación de tipo ex post factorial que relaciona la descripción de hechos que ya han ocurrido y su significado en la práctica. Resultados: Las Ordenanzas 702 de 04/12/2002 y 249 de 16/04/2002, ambas del Ministerio de Sanidad, crearon, respectivamente, las Redes Estatales de Asistencia Sanitaria para Personas Mayores y los Centros de Referencia en Atención Sanitaria para Personas Mayores, que no han superar los problemas en esta área, debido a las deficiencias estructurales (materiales) y profesionales (humanas) de los hospitales generales. Conclusión: La solución legal propuesta en las Ordenanzas no se ha implementado y el contingente de ancianos en la ciudad de João Pessoa está indefenso, en términos de aportes estructurales y profesionales. (AU)

Hospitalization anxiety in children: conceptual analysis. / Ansiedade da hospitalização em crianças: análise conceitual.

OBJECTIVE:: to analyze the concept "hospitalization anxiety in children", identifying its antecedents, attributes, and consequences, with the objective of clarifying its meaning. METHOD:: we used a conceptual analysis model, whose objective is to clarify the meaning of terms. RESULTS:: we identified the concept antecedents and its attributes, classified as biological and psychological needs, which are essential characteristics of "hospitalization anxiety in children". This process consequences have also been identified. We proceeded to the analysis of the characteristics with emphasis on the impacts of the hospitalization process on the child and on the family. CONCLUSION:: based on the conceptual analysis of the phenomenon, it was possible to identify the antecedents, attributes, and consequences of Hospitalization Anxiety in children. We recommend the continuation of the study validating the essential characteristics presently identified as a way to join knowledge gathered and professional practice.

Meleis' Nursing Theories Evaluation: integrative review.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the application of the theory evaluation model proposed by Meleis in Brazilian studies. METHOD: integrative review of online articles published from 2002 to 2012 in the databases LILACS and BDENF. RESULTS: the 16 selected studies confirmed the use of only three of the five stages proposed for Meleis' theories analysis: Description of the Theory, Criticism of the Theory and Analysis of the Theory, with a predominance of a single unit of analysis in each. CONCLUSION: the analysis of nursing theories provides support to nurses in the practice, research, education and administration of the different dimensions of care. Meleis' model figures as very important by contributing to the development of knowledge of nursing discipline, considering that its use as a method allows several reflections on theories in order that they be revalidated to support a more theoretical and practical applicability.

Internal structure of Family Health Units: access for people with disabilities. / Estrutura interna de Unidades de Saúde da Família: acesso para as pessoas com deficiência.

This study aimed at evaluating the internal structure of Family Health Units in relation to the access of people with physical and/or sensory disabilities. It is a descriptive, exploratory, population-based research, held in Family Health Units of the municipality of João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. For the collection of data, a checklist based on Technical Standard 9050 was used. For the analysis, the descriptive and exploratory analysis of the data and the Chi-square test were applied. As a result, of the 90 buildings evaluated, only 47.8% have a wheelchair ramp, of these 30.0% have maximum slope and 32.2% have anti-slip flooring. In 28.9% access happens through a staircase without handrail and in 6.7% through a staircase with handrail, 6.7% of these with anti-slip flooring. And only 17.8% of sliding doors have lowered tracks. We concluded that it must be recognized that public policies and institutions do not correspond to the need of these people, and it is necessary to reformulate this form of care and reorganize health services.