Asparaginase-specific basophil recognition and activation predict Asparaginase hypersensitivity in mice.

Background: Asparaginase (ASNase) is a crucial part of acute leukemia treatment, but immune responses to the agent can reduce its effectiveness and increase the risk of relapse. Currently, no reliable and validated biomarker predicts ASNase-induced hypersensitivity reactions during therapy. We aimed to identify predictive biomarkers and determine immune cells responsible for anaphylaxis using a murine model of ASNase hypersensitivity. Methods: Our preclinical study uses a murine model to investigate predictive biomarkers of ASNase anaphylaxis, including anti-ASNase antibody responses, immune complex (IC) levels, ASNase-specific binding to leukocytes or basophils, and basophil activation. Results: Our results indicate that mice immunized to ASNase exhibited dynamic IgM, IgG, and IgE antibody responses. The severity of ASNase-induced anaphylaxis was found to be correlated with levels of IgG and IgE, but not IgM. Basophils from immunized mice were able to recognize and activate in response to ASNase ex vivo, and the extent of recognition and activation also correlated with the severity of anaphylaxis observed. Using a multivariable model that included all biomarkers significantly associated with anaphylaxis, independent predictors of ASNase-induced hypersensitivity reactions were found to be ASNase IC levels and ASNase-specific binding to leukocytes or basophils. Consistent with our multivariable analysis, we found that basophil depletion significantly protected mice from ASNase-induced hypersensitivity reactions, supporting that basophils are essential and can be used as a predictive marker of ASNase-induced anaphylaxis. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates the need for using tools that can detect both IC- and IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions to mitigate the risk of ASNase-induced hypersensitivity reactions during treatment.

A co-curricular mentoring experience provides student pharmacists with areas for professional growth.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The Pharmacy Innovation Experience and Research (PIER) program aims to provide student pharmacists with co-curricular experiences that augment their essential soft skill training while recruiting underrepresented minority (URM) high school and undergraduate students to the pharmacy profession. The goal of the PIER mentoring program is to enhance the leadership, professionalism, teaching, and cultural sensitivity skills of student pharmacists through their participation in the program. EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITY AND SETTING: During this pilot study, student pharmacists were trained to mentor high school and undergraduate students prior to the start of PIER. Pre- and post-program surveys were used to assess the self-perceived benefit PIER had on the soft skill development of student pharmacists. Survey responses were analyzed using unpaired t-tests. FINDINGS: There was an observed increase in self-perceived abilities among student pharmacists in mentoring (82% versus 68%), leading a team (94% versus 82%), and teaching (77% versus 64%). In post-program surveys, 90% of the students viewed their experience as useful for their career versus 71% in pre-surveys. While a high percentage felt comfortable interacting with diverse participants (90%) and knowledgeable about diversity issues in healthcare (89%), the data indicated that the PIER program did not have a quantifiable impact on their cultural sensitivity. SUMMARY: PIER is a co-curricular program for student pharmacists that enhances self-perception of essential soft skills for their careers. Nevertheless, additional assessment of the skills gained through PIER is needed to verify competency. Other schools of pharmacy should recognize the importance of programs like PIER to both recruit URMs to pharmacy schools and provide current students with a co-curricular experience that will encourage their success.

Procesamiento traumatogénico del abuso sexual infantil en niñas y su relación con variables victimológicas / Traumatogenic processing of child sexual abuse and its relation to victimological variables

Se indaga la relación entre el procesamiento traumatogénico de experiencias de violencia sexual en niñas, con características de la victimización sufrida. Una muestra de 40 niñas víctimas de violencia sexual respondió una escala de sentimientos de estigmatización, indefensión, traición y culpa, mientras que el profesional tratante completó una ficha sociodemográfica con datos de la vulneración ocurrida. Los resultados sugieren que; abusos más intrusivos, crónicos, con empleo de fuerza e intrafamiliares se relacionan con mayores puntajes en los sentimientos de estigmatización, indefensión, traición y culpa. Adicionalmente, la edad de la víctima y el apoyo familiar ante la develación arrojaron correlaciones con el procesamiento traumatogénico de experiencias de violencia sexual...

The relation between the traumatogenic processing of sexual violence experienced by girls, with characteristics of suffered victimization is investigated. A sample of 40 girls, victims of sexual violence answered a scale of feelings of stigmatization, defenselessness, betrayal and guilt, while the treating professional completed a sociodemographic card with data extracted from the episodes of violation suffered. The results suggest that abuses performed with more intrusive, chronic, domestic and with use of force are related to highest scores in feelings of stigmatization, defenselessness, betrayal and guilt. In addition to this, the age of the victim and family support facing the disclosure generated correlations with the traumatogenic processing of sexual violence experiences...

Adaptación al español de la Escala de Desempeño Cívico de Coleman y Borman (2000) y análisis de la estructura empírica del constructo / Spanish adaptation of the Citizenship Performance Questionnaire by Coleman & Borman (2000) and an analysis of the empiric structure of the construct

Este artículo presenta una adaptación del cuestionario de desempeño cívico de Coleman y Borman (2000) y un análisis de su estructura empírica. Una vez traducido y adaptado, el cuestionario se aplicó a una muestra de 135 empleados públicos de una unidad completa del Gobierno Autonómico de Canarias. Los resultados indican que el cuestionario tiene una alta consistencia interna, aunque parece medir tres dimensiones relacionadas entre sí. Dos de estas dimensiones son altamente estables y coinciden con las propuestas por LePine, Erez y Johnson (2002), Cumplimiento Generalizado y Altruismo, mientras que la tercera es de difícil interpretación. Un análisis factorial de segundo orden indica que existe una única dimensión subyacente de desempeño cívico. Estos resultados tienen implicaciones teóricas y prácticas que ayudan a la interpretación y diagnóstico del dominio (AU)

This article presents a Spanish adaption of the citizenship performance questionnaire of Coleman and Borman (2000) an analysis of its empirical structure. Once the original questionnaire was translated and adapted to a Spanish public administration context, it was administered to a sample of 135 public employees representing the complete staff ofa ’ Autonomic Government unit. Results show a high internal consistency of the questionnaire, although it seems to measure three related dimensions. Two of these dimensions are highly stable and coincide with those proposed by LePine, Erez, and Johnson (2002), Generalized Compliance and Altruism, while the third dimension is difficult to interpret. A second order factor analysis supports the existence of a unique underlying dimension of citizenship performance. These results have theoretical as well as practical implications that may help the interpretation and diagnosis in this domain(AU)