RESUMO
Background. Sedentary behaviour (SB) is an important risk factor for several health-related outcomes. The prevalence of SB is alarmingly high in older adults, who spend on average 9.4 h being sedentary each day, making them the most sedentary of all age groups. Objectives. The primary objective of this review is to assess the impact of interventions aimed at reducing SB in older adults (aged 60 years and older) living in long-term care facilities (LTCFs). The research question for this systematic review is as follows: in older people living in LTCFs, do interventions aimed at reducing SB, compared to usual care, result in a decrease in SB daily time or a reduction in the length of prolonged and uninterrupted sitting bouts? Data sources. Only peer-reviewed articles will be included in this systematic review, articles will be identified using the PICO method in seven different databases. Participants and interventions. Any primary intervention study (including randomized controlled trials, non-randomized controlled trials, and cohort studies) with the aim to reduce SB daily time or shorten the length of prolonged and uninterrupted sitting bouts in older adults living in LTCFs will be included. After searching databases, abstracts of the studies will be screened, and, after retrieving full text articles, data extraction will be conducted by two independent reviewers. Study appraisal and synthesis methods. The review will adhere to PRISMA reporting guidelines. Risk of bias (RoB) will be assessed using ROBINS-I or the RoB 2.0 tool and will be discussed with a third reviewer. The data will be grouped according to study design, with separate analysis for randomised and non-randomised designs. Results. The primary outcomes will be SB or time spent sedentary, assessed before and after the intervention. For the outcomes with the same measurement units, the pooled mean differences will be calculated. Standardised mean differences will be calculated for the outcomes with different measurement units. The data not suitable in numbers will be synthesised narratively. The strength of evidence of the outcomes will be assessed using GRADE assessment. If the data are suitable for quantitative analysis, we plan to use the Revman software to conduct a meta-analysis. Conclusions and implications of key findings. This protocol can serve as a valuable resource for other researchers interested in conducting similar systematic reviews or meta-analyses in the field of SB and older adult health.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: During the COVID-19 pandemic, virus contention measures such as strict confinement were declared in nursing homes. OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of confinement on the incidence of falls and their associated factors in institutionalized older persons during the first year of the pandemic compared to the previous year. METHODS: A multicenter, comparative study was conducted between the pre-pandemic year (March 2019 to February 2020) and the first year (March 2020 to February 2021) in five nursing homes in Catalonia (Spain). The number of falls, date, placement and consequences were recorded, as well as sociodemographic and health information. A descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analysis was performed, calculating odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals and statistical significance of p<0.05. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 80 individuals, with a mean age of 84.4 years, 83.7% being women. In the first year of the pandemic, the number of falls per person increased by 0.21% (32.0% in rooms). In multivariate analysis of the pre-pandemic period, the risk of sarcopenia (OR = 4.02; 95% CI [1.09-14.82], p = 0.036) was a risk factor for falls independently of age and hypertension. In the first year of pandemic no statistically significant associated factors were found. CONCLUSIONS: In the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a 15.6% increase in falls and an 8.7% increase in the number of people who fell compared to the previous year. The falls' location changed from common areas to bedrooms and increased in severity, with a 10.1% increase in fractures. Older age, risk of sarcopenia and arterial hypertension were associated with falls during the pre-pandemic period.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Sarcopenia , Humanos , Feminino , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Masculino , Estudos Longitudinais , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Acidentes por Quedas , Incidência , Pandemias , Controle de Doenças TransmissíveisRESUMO
Physical activity can improve function in people over 65. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of mild intensity exercise interventions on the functional health and quality of life of this population. A systematic review was conducted using WOS (n=20), Scopus (n=235), PubMed (n=15), and PEDro (n=20) databases. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Six hundred and nineteen subjects with an age range of 60-103 years were evaluated. Interventions included endurance, aerobic, and vibration exercises. Those who used pedometers, telephone calls and follow-up controls showed positive effects in increasing physical activity. Five studies evaluated strength and showed that increasing strength also improved balance and walking speed. The results indicate that applying mild intensity physical activity interventions is a way of ensuring improved functional health and quality of life in older people.
Assuntos
Condicionamento Físico Humano/métodos , Desempenho Físico Funcional , Qualidade de Vida , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Força Muscular , Equilíbrio Postural , Treinamento Resistido/métodos , Velocidade de CaminhadaRESUMO
Antecedentes: En la pandemia de COVID-19 se declararon medidas en residencias geriátricas, como el confinamiento estricto. Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto del confinamiento sobre la incidencia de caídas y sus factores asociados en personas mayores institucionalizadas durante el primer año de pandemia en comparación con el año previo. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio multicéntrico, comparativo entre el año prepandemia (marzo 2019- febrero 2020) y el primer año (marzo 2020- febrero 2021) en cinco residencias de Cataluña, España. Se registró el número de caídas, fecha, lugar y consecuencias, así como información sociodemográfica y de salud. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo, bivariante y multivariado, calculando Odds Ratio (OR) con intervalos de confianza del 95% y significación estadística de p < 0,05. Resultados: La muestra fue de 80 individuos, con una edad media de 84,4 años, siendo 83,7% mujeres. El primer año de pandemia, aumentaron las caídas por persona 0,21% (en habitaciones 32,0%). En el análisis multivariado del periodo prepandemia, el riesgo de sarcopenia (OR = 4,02; IC 95% [1,09-14,82] p = 0,036) resultó un factor de riesgo de caídas independientemente de la edad y la hipertensión. En el primer año de pandemia no se encontraron factores asociados estadísticamente significativos. Conclusiones: En el primer año de pandemia por COVID-19, aumentaron 15,6% las caídas y 8,7% las personas que cayeron en comparación con el año anterior. Cambió el lugar de las zonas comunes a las habitaciones y la severidad, aumentando 10,1% las fracturas. La edad avanzada, el riesgo de sarcopenia y la hipertensión arterial se asociaron a las caídas en el periodo prepandemia. (AU)
Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, virus contention measures such as strict confinement were declared in nursing homes. Objective: To assess the impact of confinement on the incidence of falls and their associated factors in institutionalized older persons during the first year of the pandemic compared to the previous year. Methods: A multicenter, comparative study was conducted between the pre-pandemic year (March 2019 to February 2020) and the first year (March 2020 to February 2021) in five nursing homes in Catalonia (Spain). The number of falls, date, placement and consequences were recorded, as well as sociodemographic and health information. A descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analysis was performed, calculating odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals and statistical significance of p<0.05. Results: The sample consisted of 80 individuals, with a mean age of 84.4 years, 83.7% being women. In the first year of the pandemic, the number of falls per person increased by 0.21% (32.0% in rooms). In multivariate analysis of the pre-pandemic period, the risk of sarcopenia (OR = 4.02; 95% CI [1.0914.82], p = 0.036) was a risk factor for falls independently of age and hypertension. In the first year of pandemic no statistically significant associated factors were found. Conclusions: In the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a 15.6% increase in falls and an 8.7% increase in the number of people who fell compared to the previous year. The falls location changed from common areas to bedrooms and increased in severity, with a 10.1% increase in fractures. Older age, risk of sarcopenia and arterial hypertension were associated with falls during the pre-pandemic period. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Pandemias , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/prevenção & controle , Sarcopenia , Estudos Longitudinais , Espanha , Acidentes por Quedas , Controle de Doenças Transmissíveis , Incidência , EnvelhecimentoRESUMO
La actividad física (AF) puede mejorar la funcionalidad en las personas mayores de 65 años. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la eficacia de intervenciones de ejercicio de intensidad suave en la salud funcional y la calidad vida de estas personas. Se realizó una revisión sistemática en las bases de datos WOS (n=20), Scopus (n=235), PubMed (n=15) y PEDro (n=20). Ocho estudios cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Se evaluaron 619 sujetos con un rango de edad entre 60-103 años. Las intervenciones incluyeron ejercicios de resistencia, aeróbicos y de vibración. Aquellos que usaron podómetros, llamadas telefónicas y controles de seguimiento mostraron efectos positivos en el aumento de la actividad física. Cinco estudios evaluaron la fuerza y mostraron que al aumentar la fuerza se mejoraba también el equilibrio y la velocidad de la marcha. Los resultados indican que aplicar intervenciones de actividad física de intensidad suave es una garantía de mejora en la salud funcional y la calidad de vida en la gente mayor
Physical activity can improve function in people over 65. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of mild intensity exercise interventions on the functional health and quality of life of this population. A systematic review was conducted using WOS (n=20), Scopus (n=235), PubMed (n=15), and PEDro (n=20) databases. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Six hundred and nineteen subjects with an age range of 60-103 years were evaluated. Interventions included endurance, aerobic, and vibration exercises. Those who used pedometers, telephone calls and follow-up controls showed positive effects in increasing physical activity. Five studies evaluated strength and showed that increasing strength also improved balance and walking speed. The results indicate that applying mild intensity physical activity interventions is a way of ensuring improved functional health and quality of life in older people