The molecular pathway triggered by zirconia in endothelial cells involves epigenetic control.

The requirement to achieve natural looking restorations is one of the most challenging aspects in dentistry. Although zirconia has provided new opportunities for achieving superior aesthetics and physicochemical outcomes, very little has been achieved for its cellular and molecular performance, especially considering angiogenesis and osteogenesis. As angiogenesis is a secondary event and concomitant to osteogenesis, an indirect effect of dental implant on endothelial cells could be the release of active molecules such as those already reported affecting osteoblasts. To better address this issue, we challenged human endothelial cells (HUVECs) with zirconia-conditioned medium up to 72 h to allow analysis specific gene expression and protein pattern of mediators of epigenetic machinery in full. Our data shows involvement of zirconia in triggering intracellular signaling through MAPK-ERK activation, leading the signal to activate histone deacetylase HDAC6 likely with concomitant well-modulated DNA methylation profile by DNMTs and TETs. These signaling pathways seem to culminate in cytoskeleton rearrangement of endothelial cells, an important prerequisite to cell migration expected in angiogenesis. Collectively, this study demonstrates for the first time epigenetic-related molecular mechanism involved in endothelial cells responding to zirconia, revealing a repertoire of signaling molecules capable of executing the reprogramming process of gene expression, which are necessary to drive cell proliferation, migration, and consequently angiogenesis. This set of data can further studies using gene editing approaches to better elucidate functional roles.

Ibero-Panamerican Federation of Periodontics Delphi study on the trends in diagnosis and treatment of peri-implant diseases and conditions: A Latin American consensus.

BACKGROUND: The social diversity, heterogeneous culture, and inherent economic inequality factors in Latin America (LA) justify conducting a comprehensive analysis on the current status and future trends of peri-implant diseases and conditions. Thus, the aim of this Delphi study was to predict the future trends in the diagnosis and treatment of peri-implant diseases and conditions in LA countries for the year 2030. METHODS: A Latin American steering committee and group of experts in implant dentistry validated a questionnaire including 64 questions divided into eight sections. The questionnaire was run twice with an interval of 45 days, with the results from the first round made available to all the participants in the second round. The results were expressed in percentages and data was analyzed describing the consensus level reached in each question. RESULTS: A total of 221 experts were invited to participate in the study and a total 214 (96.8%) completed the two rounds. Moderate (65%-85%) to high consensus (≥ 85%) was reached in 51 questions (79.69%), except in the questions dealing with "prevalence", where no consensus was reached. High and moderate consensus was attained for all the questions in three fields (risk factors and indicators, diagnosis and treatment of peri-implant conditions and deficiencies, and prevention and maintenance). CONCLUSIONS: The present study has provided relevant and useful information on the predictions in the diagnosis and treatment of peri-implant diseases with a high level of consensus among experts. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of agreement in certain domains.