RESUMO
This article memorializes Selma Sapir (1916-2014), a child psychologist and innovator in treating children with learning disabilities. Sapir authored or coauthored five books on treating and educating children with learning disabilities. She developed four tests: the Sapir Dimension of Learning, the Sapir Learning Lab Language Scale, the Sapir Self-Concept Scale, and the Sapir Developmental Scale. In 1997-1998, she served as president of the International Council of Psychologists (ICP). For many years, she was the ICP representative to the United Nations.
Assuntos
Psicologia da Criança/história , História do Século XX , História do Século XXIRESUMO
Given the presence of odor identification impairment in individuals with schizophrenia and recent evidence of aberrant odor hedonic processing, the aim of this investigation was to examine the influence of valence and intensity on odor identification in schizophrenia patients, their first-degree family members, and young persons at clinical risk for psychosis. Participants completed the 16-item Sniffin' Stick Odor Identification Test. A logistic regression was conducted to assess the influence of valence and intensity on odor identification accuracy. Identification performance in the schizophrenia patients and youths at clinical risk for psychosis was significantly influenced by odor valence, but not intensity. Identification accuracy in first-degree family members was not influenced by valence or intensity. These data suggest that abnormalities in odor valence perception may represent an environmentally-mediated marker for hedonic disturbance that could have predictive utility in future conversion to psychosis. Further research examining the utility of odor valence measures as markers for psychosis risk is warranted.
Assuntos
Família , Odorantes , Transtornos do Olfato/etiologia , Esquizofrenia/complicações , Olfato/fisiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transtornos do Olfato/psicologia , Psicofísica , Análise de Regressão , Risco , Adulto JovemRESUMO
A new series of 4-acyl-2-thiazolylhydrazone derivatives was synthesized and screened for its in vitro activity against Toxoplasma gondii. We evaluated parasite growth inhibition and cytotoxicity, inhibition of replication, and inhibition of parasite invasion of host cells. The biological results indicated that some substances had an antiproliferative effect against intracellular T. gondii tachyzoites cultivated in vitro.