[An evaluation method for physical properties of medicinal film and its application in screening film formulation of Trillium tschonoskii total saponins].

At present, the evaluation methods for pharmaceutical properties of Chinese medicinal films have many problems, such as poor objectivity for the indexes and no quantitative and standardized evaluation methods. This study established a new method using three important physical property parameters, i.e., flow index, weight loss rate, and elongation rate, which were closely related to the pharmaceutical properties of films. On this basis, the above parameters were taken as indicators to optimize the film formulation of Trillium tschonoskii total saponins and verify the feasibility and suitability of the established method and parameters in formulation optimization. A self-made flow distance detection device and a viscometer were used to measure and characterize the fluidity, where the flow index refers to the ratio of the flow distance per unit time to the viscosity. The weight loss rate was measured by the 3 M transpore~(TM) surgical tape. The film-forming property was characterized by the weight loss rate of the sample within a certain period of time. An electronic tension machine was employed to measure the elongation rate after drying, which was used to characterize the ductility of the film. The results showed that the established method for the determination of flow index, weight loss rate, and elongation rate was stable and reliable. The optimal film formulation of T. tschonoskii total saponins could be obtained by optimization with those indicators. As demonstrated, the above evaluation indicators(flow index, weight loss rate, and elongation rate) can guide the optimization and design of formulation, and the new evaluation method constructed based on this shows a good application prospect in formulation optimization and formulation quality evaluation of medicinal films.

[Evaluation of cold resistance of four wild Carex speices]. / 四种野生苔草属植物的耐寒性评价.

Four wild Carex speices (C. rigescens, C. lancifolia, C. leucochlora and C. humilis) collected from Mount Taishan were used as experimental materials. The adaption across the winter and physiological characteristics resistant to cold stress were investigated, semi-lethal temperature (LT50) was calculated and fuzzy subordination method was used to generally evaluate the Carex resistant to cold stress. The results showed that 4 Carex species all survived in the winter safely and restored well to grow in the following spring. The green period of the species was between 260 d and 310 d, and percentage of the withered leaves was between 12% and 95%, the range of LT50 was from -18.65 ℃ to -11.74 ℃. With intensifying cold stress, the contents of MDA, proline (Pro) and soluble protein increased at first and then decreased, while the soluble sugar content increased with the treatment time. C. rigescens with poor cold tolerance showed the early accumulation of MDA, Pro and soluble sugar. The value of soluble protein peaked at the late stage of low tempe-rature stress, and the Carex with stronger cold-resistance showed the smaller value. The SOD activity in the leaves of C. lancifolia was higher than that of the other three species in the beginning of treatments. The cold resistance of four Carex species was in order of C. lancifolia>C. leucochlora>C. humilis>C. rigescens.