Short communication: Linear discriminant analysis and type of oil added to dairy goat diets.

Gas chromatography fatty acid (FA) analysis of 112 milk fat samples from dairy goats fed a basal diet with no added oil or the same diet with 1 of 3 vegetable oils added [high oleic sunflower oil (HOSFO), regular sunflower oil (RSFO), or linseed oil (LO)] was used to identify the type of diet consumed through linear discriminant analysis. Twenty variables (19 FA and 1 FA ratio) were selected as valid predictors out of 84 variables tested. The Mahalanobis squared distance was minimal between HOSFO and RSFO groups and maximal between control and LO groups. Cross-validation showed that only one observation from RSFO group was misclassified into the HOSFO group. We concluded that linear discriminant analysis is a useful method to classify milk fat samples from dairy goats according to the particular vegetable oil (of the 3 oils tested here) added to the basal diet.

Animal performance and milk fatty acid profile of dairy goats fed diets with different unsaturated plant oils.

The effect of supplementing a basal diet with 1 of 3 plant oils on productive efficiency and milk fatty acid composition was studied in dairy goats. Sixteen Malagueña goats were used in a 4×4 Latin square experiment with 21-d periods and 4 goats per treatment. The basal diet comprised 30% alfalfa hay and 70% pelleted concentrate. Experimental treatments were control (basal diet without added oil) and the basal diet supplemented with 48g/d of high oleic sunflower oil (HOSFO), regular sunflower oil (RSFO), or linseed oil (LO). Dry matter intake and body weight were not affected by treatments. Milk production was higher in HOSFO treatment and milk fat content was higher in RSFO and LO treatments, although no differences in milk energy production or milk renneting properties were found. The RSFO and LO treatments increased the proportion of vaccenic acid in milk fat more so than the HOSFO diet, and rumenic acid followed the same pattern. The content of trans10-18:1 remained low in all experimental diets (<0.7% of total fatty acid methyl esters) although HOSFO and RSFO diets increased it. The variations in the fatty acid profiles observed with the 4 diets, mainly the unsaturated fatty acid isomer contents, are extensively discussed. Compared with that in the control diet, the n-6:n-3 fatty acid ratio in milk fat substantially decreased with the LO, increased with RSFO, and did not change with HOSFO. The addition of moderate amounts of LO to the diets of dairy goats has favorable effects on milk fatty acid composition from the point of view of the human consumer, without negative effects on animal performance.

[Transitional-cell sarcomatoid carcinoma of the renal pelvis with osteoclast-type giant cells. Review of the literature]. / Carcinoma sarcomatoide de células transicionales de la pelvis renal con células gigantes de tipo osteoclasto. Revisión de la literatura.

One case of transitional cells carcinoma with sarcomatoid pattern, located in the renal pelvis in a 77 year-old male with haematuria. The tumour also expressed a non-neoplastic component of osteoclast-like giant cells which probably represent a stromal reaction of the host to the neoplasia. The tumoral cells co-express keratin and vimentin, two strands of the cytoskeleton specific for epithelial and mesenchymal cells, respectively. We speculate with the possibility of the tumoral cells fusocellular morphology being related to the vimentin expression. A review of the literature is also included.

[Retrovesical schwannosarcoma]. / Schwannosarcoma retrovesical.

Contribution of one case of retrovesical schwannosarcoma in a 23-year-old female patient, with discussion of signs and symptoms, diagnosis and treatment. Retroperitoneal schwannosarcoma is an extremely uncommon tumour. Diagnosis is always histologic and immunohistochemical. This is an extraordinary aggressive tumour, with low response to chemo- and radiotherapy. Surgery is the only curative treatment, and presents a high index of recurrence. Prognosis is sombre. We support the most radical surgical approach possible as the only definite diagnostic possibility, since it provides the best survival indexes and in any case, improves symptomatology of tumours not completely resectable.

[Total androgenic insensitivity syndrome. Presentation as giant inguinal mass]. / Síndrome de insensibilidad completa androgénica. Presentación como masa inguinal gigante.

The androgen insensitivity syndrome is the most frequent form of masculine psedohermafroditism. The affected patients present female phenotype without sexual ambiguity but with karyotype 46 XY. In this syndrome the frequency of malignización of the testicles increases progressively with the age, because of this, the importance of an earlier diagnosis. We present a case of later diagnosis late of the androgen insensitivity syndrome, that debut with a great inguinal mass.

[Acute cranial multineuritis caused by a fungus]. / Multineuritis craneal aguda de causa fúngica.

TITLE: Multineuritis craneal aguda de causa fungica.

[Xanthogranulomathous pyelonephritis (and cystic dysplasia) in a newborn]. / Pielonefritis xantogranulomatosa (y displasia quística) en un recién nacido.

The authors present a case of diffuse xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in a new-born baby which, according to the literature reviewed, is the youngest case reported throughout the world. They stress the coexistence of two facts not mentioned in the cases reviewed: --Segmentary cystic dysplasia.--Xanthogranulomatous disorder in the suprarenal gland. It is also interesting due to the presence of chronic contralateral pyelonephritis. They comment upon the special features of the etiopathogeny, anatomopathology, clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment of this rare disorder.

[Acute appendicitis in children. Experience at a general hospital]. / Apendicitis aguda en el niño. Experiencia en un hospital general.

In order to establish a guide for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis, we reviewed the charts of patients with appendectomy. In a 7-year period, 385 patients were studied. The age range was 3 to 15 years. In 53% there was an administration of medications prior to surgery. Perforated appendicitis was found in the majority (53%) of the cases. We could not find any association between age and perforation. Only localized, persistent abdominal pain, peritoneal irritation, anorexia, and vomiting were useful for differential diagnosis. In patients with acute appendicitis (p greater than 0.05), leukocytosis (greater than 10,000/mm3), neutrophilia (greater than 70%) and bands (greater than 3%) were observed in 80% of the cases. The frequency of complications was elevated (39.5%), and the mortality was five times higher than referred in other studies. We propose an algorithm for both opportune diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

Linfadenoma cutáneo. Tumor de probable origen folicular / Cutaneous lymphadenoma. Tumor of probably follicular origin

El linfadenoma cutáneo se caracteriza por ser una neoplasia intradérmica formada por lóbulos de células basalioides con empalizada periférica, con un estroma fibrocítico y un infiltrado linfoide prominente. Típicamente afecta a personas de edad media o avanzada y se localiza principalmente en la cara, como sucede con los 2 casos que presentamos. Creemos que, pese a su histogénesis controvertida, nuestros casos evidencian una clara diferenciación folicular Y una peculiar reacción inmunológica, con presencia de linfocitos T y células dendríticas dentro de los lóbulos, lo que ayuda a llevar a cabo el diagnóstico diferencial con neoplasias como el tricoblastoma, el tricoepitelioma desmoplásico, los carcinomas basocelulares o los siringomas (AU)

The cutaneous Iymphadenoma is a cutaneous neoplasm formed by lobes of basaloid cells, with peripheral palisading, with a fibrous stroma, and a prominent Iymphoid infiltrate. Typically it affects people of middle or advanced age and it is located mainly in the face. We think that in spite of their controversial histogenesis our cases show a clear follicular differentiation. These tumours show a peculiar immunologic reaction with the presence of T-Iymphocytes and dendritic cells inside the lobes which help us to carry out the differential diagnoses of neoplasms like the trichoblastoma, desmoplastic trichoepitheloma, basal cell carcinomas or syringomas (AU)

Síndrome de insensibilidad completa androgénica. Presentación como masa inguinal gigante / Androgen insensitivity syndrome. Giant inguinal mass presentation

El síndrome de insensibilidad completa a los andrógenos es la forma más frecuente de pseudo-hermafroditismo masculino. Los individuos afectos presentan fenotipo femenino sin ambigüedad sexual pero con cariotipo 46XY. En este síndrome la frecuencia de malignización de los testículos aumenta progresivamente con la edad, de ahí la importancia del diagnóstico precoz. Presentamos un caso de diagnóstico tardío del síndrome de insensibilidad completa androgénica que debutó con masa inguinal (AU)