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1.
Radiat Environ Biophys ; 58(3): 373-384, 2019 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30993431

RESUMO

The aim of this work was to assess the occupational dose received by an interventional radiologist (IR) during computed tomography fluoroscopy (CTF)-guided procedures; to identify the most exposed areas of the body including the hands and fingers; to suggest recommendations for individual monitoring; and to improve radiation safety of the practice. A total of 53 CTF-guided procedures were studied. Twelve whole-body dosimeters were worn by the IR in each procedure for the assessment of the personal dose equivalent, Hp(10), on the chest, waist, and back, both over and under the lead apron, as well as the personal dose equivalent, Hp(0.07), on both arms, knees, and feet. Special gloves with casings to fit extremity dosimeters were prepared to assess Hp(0.07) to the fingers. The measured chest dose values were higher than those on the waist and back; the dominant hand or the left side was the most exposed. In general, the ring, middle, and index fingers of the dominant hand were the most exposed (maximum in the 36-39 mSv range), while wrist dose was negligible compared to finger doses. Based on the results obtained the following recommendations are suggested: protective devices (lead aprons, thyroid shield, and goggles) should be worn; Hp(10) should be assessed at the chest level both above and below the lead apron; finger doses can be measured on the basis of each middle finger; the arm closer to the beam should be monitored; and finally, a wrist dosimeter will not provide useful information.


Assuntos
Fluoroscopia , Exposição Ocupacional , Doses de Radiação , Proteção Radiológica , Radiologistas
2.
J Hum Nutr Diet ; 30(5): 646-654, 2017 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28332268

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The present study aimed to evaluate the nutritional status of patients undergoing haemodialysis (HD) by comparing nutritional risk scores with biochemical, anthropometric and body composition variables. METHODS: Eighty-five individuals [65.9% male, mean (SD) age 62 (14) years] participated in a cross-sectional study. Global Objective Assessment (GOA) and Modified Global Subjective Assessment (mGSA) scores, as well as biochemical, anthropometric and body composition data, were collected using standardised procedures. RESULTS: The prevalence of malnutrition ranged from 20.0% (% body fat by electrical bioimpedance) to 95.3% (by GOA), depending on the indicator or score used. According to the waist circumference, 61.2% of the individuals presented abdominal obesity and visceral adipose tissue was excessive in 20% of them. Malnutrition diagnosis by GOA showed the relationship between the anthropometric and body composition indicators, as assessed by the extent that the ratings of risk nutritional/mild malnutrition and mainly moderate malnutrition were accompanied by a significant decrease in nutritional status and body composition variables. However, with respect to categories of mGSA, no statistically significant differences were observed for nutritional status and body composition variables. In the receiver operator characteristic curve analyses, mGSA and GOA were good indicators for diagnosing malnutrition because both achieved an AUC > 0.5. CONCLUSIONS: mGSA and GOA were more sensitive with respect to identifying individuals at nutritional risk compared to the isolated anthropometric indicators, thus indicating their utility in diagnostic malnutrition. However, individuals at high nutritional risk also presented cardiometabolic risk, as diagnosed mainly by central fat indicators, suggesting the application of both malnutrition and cardiometabolic risk markers in HD patients.


Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares/diagnóstico , Desnutrição/diagnóstico , Síndrome Metabólica/diagnóstico , Avaliação Nutricional , Diálise Renal/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Antropometria , Composição Corporal , Índice de Massa Corporal , Doenças Cardiovasculares/sangue , Doenças Cardiovasculares/etiologia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Desnutrição/sangue , Desnutrição/etiologia , Síndrome Metabólica/sangue , Síndrome Metabólica/etiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estado Nutricional , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Adulto Jovem
3.
Int J Sports Med ; 37(6): 464-9, 2016 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26990721

RESUMO

This study compared variation in size, function and sport-specific technical skills of youth soccer players associated with differences in biological maturity status. 60 male soccer players of under-14 (U14) and under-17 (U17) categories were submitted to anthropometric and body composition measurements as well as motor and soccer-specific technical skill tests. Skeletal maturity was determined by skeletal age. Athletes of both categories were classified as early, on-time or late-maturing, according to the difference between chronological age and skeletal age. Body mass and height were lower in the late athletes, independent of category (P<0.01). Differences in adiposity were found only between athletes of the U14 (late

Assuntos
Determinação da Idade pelo Esqueleto , Desempenho Atlético/fisiologia , Futebol , Adiposidade , Adolescente , Desenvolvimento do Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Antropometria , Atletas , Estatura , Tamanho Corporal , Aptidão Cardiorrespiratória , Criança , Humanos , Masculino , Destreza Motora , Força Muscular
4.
Vox Sang ; 107(1): 19-25, 2014 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24697276

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Brazil requires the performance of both a test for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and a test for antibodies to the core of hepatitis B for blood donor screening. Blood centres in regions of high HBV endemicity struggle to maintain adequate stocks in face of the high discard rates due to anti-HBc reactivity. We evaluated the potential infectivity of donations positive for anti-HBc in search of a rational approach for the handling of these collections. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We tested anti-HBc reactive blood donations from the state of Amazonas for the presence of HBV DNA and for titres of anti-HBs. The study population consists of village-based donors from the interior of Amazonas state. RESULTS: Among 3600 donations, 799 were anti-HBc reactive (22·2%). We were able to perform real-time PCR for the HBV S gene on specimens from 291 of these donors. Eight of these samples were negative for HBsAg and positive for HBV DNA and were defined as occult B virus infections (2·7%). Six of those eight specimens had anti-HBs titres above 100 mIU/ml, indicating the concomitant presence of the virus with high antibody titres. CONCLUSION: A small proportion of anti-HBc reactive donors carry HBV DNA and anti-HBs testing is not useful for predicting viremia on them. This finding indicates the possibility of HBV transmission from asymptomatic donors, especially in areas of high HBV prevalence. Sensitive HBV DNA nucleic acid testing may provide another level of safety, allowing eventual use of anti-HBc reactive units in critical situations.


Assuntos
Doadores de Sangue , Transfusão de Sangue/métodos , Controle de Doenças Transmissíveis/métodos , Hepatite B/sangue , Hepatite B/epidemiologia , Adulto , Transfusão de Sangue/normas , Brasil/epidemiologia , DNA Viral/sangue , DNA Viral/isolamento & purificação , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite B/sangue , Antígenos do Núcleo do Vírus da Hepatite B/imunologia , Antígenos de Superfície da Hepatite B/sangue , Vírus da Hepatite B/genética , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Viremia/sangue
5.
J Med Virol ; 82(9): 1481-8, 2010 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20648600

RESUMO

This study analyzed the genotype distribution and frequency of lamivudine (LAM) and tenofovir (TDF) resistance mutations in a group of patients co-infected with HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV). A cross-sectional study of 847 patients with HIV was conducted. Patients provided blood samples for HBsAg detection. The load of HBV was determined using an "in-house" real-time polymerase chain reaction. HBV genotypes/subgenotypes, antiviral resistance, basal core promoter (BCP), and precore mutations were detected by DNA sequencing. Twenty-eight patients with co-infection were identified. The distribution of HBV genotypes among these patients was A (n = 9; 50%), D (n = 4; 22.2%), G (n = 3; 16.7%), and F (n = 2; 11.1%). Eighteen patients were treated with LAM and six patients were treated with LAM plus TDF. The length of exposure to LAM and TDF varied from 4 to 216 months. LAM resistance substitutions (rtL180M + rtM204V) were detected in 10 (50%) of the 20 patients with viremia. This pattern and an accompanying rtV173L mutation was found in four patients. Three patients with the triple polymerase substitution pattern (rtV173L + rtL180M + rtM204V) had associated changes in the envelope gene (sE164D + sI195M). Mutations in the BCP region (A1762T, G1764A) and in the precore region (G1896A, G1899A) were also found. No putative TDF resistance substitution was detected. The data suggest that prolonged LAM use is associated with the emergence of particular changes in the HBV genome, including substitutions that may elicit a vaccine escape phenotype. No putative TDF resistance change was detected after prolonged use of TDF.


Assuntos
Fármacos Anti-HIV/farmacologia , Farmacorresistência Viral/genética , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Vírus da Hepatite B/genética , Hepatite B/virologia , Lamivudina/farmacologia , Adenina/análogos & derivados , Adenina/farmacologia , Adenina/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Fármacos Anti-HIV/uso terapêutico , Terapia Antirretroviral de Alta Atividade , Brasil/epidemiologia , Comorbidade , Estudos Transversais , DNA Polimerase Dirigida por DNA/genética , Feminino , Hepatite B/epidemiologia , Vírus da Hepatite B/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Lamivudina/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Mutação , Organofosfonatos/farmacologia , Organofosfonatos/uso terapêutico , Tenofovir , Proteínas do Core Viral/genética , Carga Viral , Proteínas Virais/genética
6.
J Gen Virol ; 90(Pt 11): 2638-2643, 2009 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19605587

RESUMO

The genotypes of hepatitis B (HBV) and delta (HDV) viruses circulating among fulminant hepatitis cases from the western Amazon Basin of Brazil were characterized in this study. HBV and HDV isolates were obtained from liver samples from 14 patients who developed fulminant hepatitis and died during 1978-1989. HBV DNA and HDV RNA were detected in all samples. Phylogenetic analyses of HDV sequences showed that they all clustered with previously characterized sequences of HDV genotype 3 (HDV-3). HBV genotypes F, A and D were found in 50.0, 28.6 and 21.4 % of cases, respectively. These results confirm the predominance of HDV-3 in South America and its association with the severe form of hepatitis, and the finding of the co-infection of HDV-3 with different genotypes of HBV suggests that the association between HDV-3 and HBV-F is not necessarily causally related to a more severe clinical course of infection.


Assuntos
Surtos de Doenças , Vírus da Hepatite B/classificação , Hepatite B/epidemiologia , Hepatite D/epidemiologia , Vírus Delta da Hepatite/classificação , Brasil/epidemiologia , Análise por Conglomerados , DNA Viral/genética , Genótipo , Hepatite B/virologia , Vírus da Hepatite B/genética , Vírus da Hepatite B/isolamento & purificação , Hepatite D/virologia , Vírus Delta da Hepatite/genética , Vírus Delta da Hepatite/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Fígado/virologia , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Filogenia , RNA Viral/genética , Análise de Sequência de DNA
8.
J Immunol Methods ; 176(1): 67-77, 1994 Nov 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7963595

RESUMO

Monoclonal antibodies are one of the most important products of biotechnology and laboratories and companies all over the world are pursuing their large-scale production. Herein we report a protocol for hybridoma cell cultivation over small glass cylinders inside a 3 liter bioreactor vessel which leads to the production and purification--in order of grams--of one MAb intended for human therapeutic use. This protocol proved to be simple, reproducible and cost effective. Three trials are reported: the first two using conventionally serum-supplemented medium culture and producing 3.15 and 2.1 g of purified MAb in 30 and 21 days respectively, and the third one using serum-free medium culture and producing 6 g of purified MAb in 36 days. We have ascertained the stability of the hybridoma by its cloning directly in serum-free medium. The downstream processing of the serum-free trial was done in a single step, concentrating large volumes of supernatant while simultaneously purifying the antibody.


Assuntos
Anticorpos Monoclonais/biossíntese , Sangue , Complexo CD3/imunologia , Meios de Cultura Livres de Soro , Hibridomas/citologia , Animais , Anticorpos Monoclonais/isolamento & purificação , Divisão Celular , Células Cultivadas , Cromatografia de Afinidade , Técnicas de Cultura/métodos , Cultura em Câmaras de Difusão/instrumentação , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Humanos , Imunoglobulina G/imunologia , Camundongos , Oxigênio
9.
Acta Med Port ; 8(11): 619-28, 1995 Nov.
Artigo em Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8713507

RESUMO

Non-insulin-dependent diabetics often have quantitative changes in plasma lipid profiles characterised by higher triglycerides and lower HDL-cholesterol than the average population. This paper summarises the cross-sectional data (reported by the general practitioners participating in Medicos-Sentinela) concerning total and HDL-cholesterol in a cohort of non-insulin-dependent diabetics treated at primary care settings in Portugal. Total cholesterol and High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) associated cholesterol were significantly higher in women. Total cholesterol increased significantly with age (in women), regular alcohol intake, body mass index, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure (in males). HDL-cholesterol showed significant increase with age (both sexes and males only), gender, and alcohol intake in males. The increase in total cholesterol found in patients with regular alcohol intake is an infrequently reported finding.


Assuntos
HDL-Colesterol/sangue , Colesterol/sangue , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangue , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Hipertensão/sangue , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Portugal , Vigilância de Evento Sentinela , Fumar/sangue , Estatísticas não Paramétricas
10.
Rev Esc Enferm USP ; 31(2): 274-86, 1997 Aug.
Artigo em Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9369760

RESUMO

The present study was intended to understand the feeling demonstrated by married couples seeking a Human Reproduction Center for infertility evaluation. Intending to understand the way Assisted Reproduction is experienced from the couple's perspective, a phenomenological approach was adopted and the directing question was: "How do you feel using the Assisted Reproduction as a treatment?"


Assuntos
Atitude Frente a Saúde , Infertilidade/psicologia , Técnicas Reprodutivas , Cônjuges/psicologia , Emoções , Feminino , Humanos , Infertilidade/terapia , Masculino , Pesquisa Metodológica em Enfermagem , Inquéritos e Questionários
11.
Sci Total Environ ; 442: 527-33, 2013 Jan 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23201607

RESUMO

Airflow along rivers might provide a key mechanism for ventilation in cities: important for air quality and thermal comfort. Airflow varies in space and time in the vicinity of rivers. Consequently, there is limited utility in point measurements. Ground-based remote sensing offers the opportunity to study 3D airflow in locations which are difficult to observe with conventional approaches. For three months in the winter and spring of 2011, the airflow above the River Thames in central London was observed using a scanning Doppler lidar, a scintillometer and sonic anemometers. First, an inter-comparison showed that lidar-derived mean wind-speed estimates compare almost as well to sonic anemometers (root-mean-square error (rmse) 0.65-0.68 ms(-1)) as comparisons between sonic anemometers (0.35-0.73 ms(-1)). Second, the lidar duo-beam operating strategy provided horizontal transects of wind vectors (comparison with scintillometer rmse 1.12-1.63 ms(-1)) which revealed mean and turbulent airflow across the river and surrounds; in particular, channelled airflow along the river and changes in turbulence quantities consistent with the roughness changes between built and river environments. The results have important consequences for air quality and dispersion around urban rivers, especially given that many cities have high traffic rates on roads located on riverbanks.


Assuntos
Ar/normas , Monitoramento Ambiental/instrumentação , Monitoramento Ambiental/métodos , Rios , Urbanização , Vento , Arquitetura , Efeito Doppler , Geografia , Londres , Modelos Teóricos , Som
12.
Braz J Med Biol Res ; 45(6): 516-23, 2012 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22450370

RESUMO

Previous cross-sectional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of healthy aging in young adults have indicated the presence of significant inverse correlations between age and gray matter volumes, although not homogeneously across all brain regions. However, such cross-sectional studies have important limitations and there is a scarcity of detailed longitudinal MRI studies with repeated measures obtained in the same individuals in order to investigate regional gray matter changes during short periods of time in non-elderly healthy adults. In the present study, 52 healthy young adults aged 18 to 50 years (27 males and 25 females) were followed with repeated MRI acquisitions over approximately 15 months. Gray matter volumes were compared between the two times using voxel-based morphometry, with the prediction that volume changes would be detectable in the frontal lobe, temporal neocortex and hippocampus. Voxel-wise analyses showed significant (P < 0.05, family-wise error corrected) relative volume reductions of gray matter in two small foci located in the right orbitofrontal cortex and left hippocampus. Separate comparisons for males and females showed bilateral gray matter relative reductions in the orbitofrontal cortex over time only in males. We conclude that, in non-elderly healthy adults, subtle gray matter volume alterations are detectable after short periods of time. This underscores the dynamic nature of gray matter changes in the brain during adult life, with regional volume reductions being detectable in brain regions that are relevant to cognitive and emotional processes.


Assuntos
Envelhecimento/fisiologia , Encéfalo/anatomia & histologia , Neuroimagem/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Encéfalo/fisiologia , Feminino , Lobo Frontal/anatomia & histologia , Lobo Frontal/fisiologia , Hipocampo/anatomia & histologia , Hipocampo/fisiologia , Humanos , Modelos Lineares , Estudos Longitudinais , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tamanho do Órgão , Lobo Temporal/anatomia & histologia , Lobo Temporal/fisiologia , Adulto Jovem
13.
Int J STD AIDS ; 23(1): 44-7, 2012 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22362687

RESUMO

Viral load (VL) near delivery is a determinant of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV. To evaluate factors associated with an undetectable VL near delivery in HIV-infected pregnant women receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and non-HAART regimens, HIV-infected pregnant women with a detectable VL at entry and having used antiretrovirals for ≥4 weeks before delivery were selected. Multivariate analysis was employed using binary logistic unconditional models; the dependent variable was having a VL <400 copies/mL near delivery. VL suppression was achieved in 403/707 women (57%): 65.4% in the HAART group, but only 26% in the non-HAART group P = 0.001. Duration of HAART was correlated with VL suppression, with maximum benefit seen after ≥12 weeks of therapy (odds ratio [OR]: 2.51; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.72-3.65). CD4+ cell count near delivery (OR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.06-2.20) and baseline VL (OR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.58-0.94) were also independently associated with VL suppression. Overall MTCT rate was 1.6%. HAART for ≥12 weeks, baseline VL and CD4 cell count near delivery were independently associated with viral suppression near delivery.


Assuntos
Fármacos Anti-HIV/uso terapêutico , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por HIV/transmissão , Transmissão Vertical de Doenças Infecciosas/prevenção & controle , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/tratamento farmacológico , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/virologia , Carga Viral/efeitos dos fármacos , Adulto , Terapia Antirretroviral de Alta Atividade , Brasil , Contagem de Linfócito CD4 , Intervalos de Confiança , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Análise Multivariada , Razão de Chances , Gravidez , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Tempo , Adulto Jovem
14.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry ; 144(1-4): 448-52, 2011 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21112883

RESUMO

A preliminary assessment of the occupational dose to the intervention radiologist received in fluoroscopy computerised tomography (CT) used to guide the collection of lung and bone biopsies is presented. The main aim of this work was to evaluate the capability of the reading system as well as of the available whole-body (WB) and extremity dosemeters used in routine monthly monitoring periods to measure per procedure dose values. The intervention radiologist was allocated 10 WB detectors (LiF: Mg, Ti, TLD-100) placed at chest and abdomen levels above and below the lead apron, and at both right and left arms, knees and feet. A special glove was developed with casings for the insertion of 11 extremity detectors (LiF:Mg, Cu, P, TLD-100H) for the identification of the most highly exposed fingers. The H(p)(10) dose values received above the lead apron (ranged 0.20-0.02 mSv) depend mainly on the duration of the examination and on the placement of physician relative to the beam, while values below the apron are relatively low. The left arm seems to receive a higher dose value. H(p)(0.07) values to the hand (ranged 36.30-0.06 mSv) show that the index, middle and ring fingers are the most highly exposed. In this study, the wrist dose was negligible compared with the finger dose. These results are preliminary and further studies are needed to better characterise the dose assessment in CT fluoroscopy.


Assuntos
Fluoroscopia/instrumentação , Exposição Ocupacional/prevenção & controle , Radiologia Intervencionista , Radiometria/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/instrumentação , Dedos/efeitos da radiação , Fluoretos/química , Humanos , Compostos de Lítio/química , Magnésio/química , Equipamentos de Proteção , Doses de Radiação , Proteção Radiológica/métodos , Radiologia Intervencionista/métodos , Titânio/química , Recursos Humanos , Punho/efeitos da radiação , Raios X
15.
Virus Res ; 160(1-2): 333-9, 2011 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21798297

RESUMO

Hepatitis Delta virus (HDV) is endemic worldwide, but its prevalence varies in different geographical areas. While in the Brazilian Amazon, HDV is known to be endemic and to represent a significant public health problem, few studies have assessed its prevalence in other regions in the country. This study evaluated the seroprevalence of HDV among HBsAg chronic carriers from Maranhão state, a region located in the Northeast of Brazil. Among 133 patients, 5 had anti-HD, of whom 3 had HDV RNA. HDV genotypes were characterized by Bayesian phylogenetic analysis of nucleotide sequences from the HDAg coding region. HDV-3 was identified in one patient who lives in Maranhão, but was born in Amazonas state (Western Amazon basin). Phylogenetic analysis shows that this HDV-3 sequence grouped with other HDV-3 sequences isolated in this state, which suggests that the patient probably contracted HDV infection there. Surprisingly, the other two patients were infected with HDV-8, an African genotype. These patients were born and have always lived in Urbano Santos, a rural county of Maranhão state, moreover they had never been to Africa and denied any contact with people from that continent. This is the first description of the HDV-8 in non-native African populations. This genotype may have been introduced to Brazil through the slaves brought to the country from the West Africa regions during the 16-18th centuries. Our results indicate that the need of clinical and epidemiological studies to investigate the presence of this infection in other areas in Brazil.


Assuntos
Doenças Endêmicas , Hepatite D/epidemiologia , Hepatite D/virologia , Vírus Delta da Hepatite/classificação , Vírus Delta da Hepatite/isolamento & purificação , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Análise por Conglomerados , Feminino , Genótipo , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite/sangue , Antígenos de Superfície da Hepatite B/sangue , Vírus Delta da Hepatite/genética , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Filogenia , RNA Viral/genética , RNA Viral/isolamento & purificação , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Adulto Jovem
16.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 45(6): 516-523, June 2012. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-622779

RESUMO

Previous cross-sectional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of healthy aging in young adults have indicated the presence of significant inverse correlations between age and gray matter volumes, although not homogeneously across all brain regions. However, such cross-sectional studies have important limitations and there is a scarcity of detailed longitudinal MRI studies with repeated measures obtained in the same individuals in order to investigate regional gray matter changes during short periods of time in non-elderly healthy adults. In the present study, 52 healthy young adults aged 18 to 50 years (27 males and 25 females) were followed with repeated MRI acquisitions over approximately 15 months. Gray matter volumes were compared between the two times using voxel-based morphometry, with the prediction that volume changes would be detectable in the frontal lobe, temporal neocortex and hippocampus. Voxel-wise analyses showed significant (P < 0.05, family-wise error corrected) relative volume reductions of gray matter in two small foci located in the right orbitofrontal cortex and left hippocampus. Separate comparisons for males and females showed bilateral gray matter relative reductions in the orbitofrontal cortex over time only in males. We conclude that, in non-elderly healthy adults, subtle gray matter volume alterations are detectable after short periods of time. This underscores the dynamic nature of gray matter changes in the brain during adult life, with regional volume reductions being detectable in brain regions that are relevant to cognitive and emotional processes.


Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Envelhecimento/fisiologia , Encéfalo/anatomia & histologia , Neuroimagem/métodos , Encéfalo/fisiologia , Lobo Frontal/anatomia & histologia , Lobo Frontal/fisiologia , Hipocampo/anatomia & histologia , Hipocampo/fisiologia , Modelos Lineares , Estudos Longitudinais , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Tamanho do Órgão , Lobo Temporal/anatomia & histologia , Lobo Temporal/fisiologia
17.
Ann Radiol (Paris) ; 35(1-2): 73-6, 1992.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1642426

RESUMO

The authors present three cases of fungal sinusitis. Fungal sinusitis is a relatively rare disease that affects more commonly immunosuppressed and diabetic individuals. The radiographic signs are non-specific. Nevertheless, some CT findings are highly suspicious: unilateral lesions of one or more sinuses; nodular mucoperiosteal thickening, and, or focal areas of bone destruction; very dense, intrasinus concretions. Air-fluid levels are very uncommon, and when present suggest a nonfungal bacterial infection. In most cases, a combination of these findings suggests fungal disease. The clinical hallmark is chronic sinusitis that fails to respond to antibiotic therapy.


Assuntos
Micoses/diagnóstico por imagem , Sinusite/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Actinomicose/diagnóstico por imagem , Idoso , Aspergilose/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Seio Maxilar , Seios Paranasais
18.
Não convencional em Português | ARCA | ID: arc-41236

RESUMO

O material educativo "Cuidar em tempos da COVID-19" foi a estratégia encontrada pela equipe do "Plataforma de Saberes: envolvimento e participação da comunidade em ações inovadoras de promoção da saúde e produção de conhecimentos" para dar continuidade a pesquisa e uma forma de superar o isolamento social entre os participantes do projeto, composto principalmente por portadores de doenças infecciosas (HIV, doença de Chagas, entre outras) e crônicas (neoplasias) e seus familiares/amigos. Utilizamos o ambiente virtual (WhatsApp) como ferramenta de construção participativa entre equipe e líderes de grupos comunitários (LGC) parceiros do projeto (Associação Lutando para Viver Amigos do pelo Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas/Fiocruz, Clube das Amigas da Mama e o Comitê Comunitário Assessor do Centro de Pesquisa Clínica de HIV/Aids do Hospital Geral de Nova Iguaçu). Os LGC levaram aos participantes de seus grupos de whatsapp a questão: "Qual informação sobre o novo Coronavírus você acha importante divulgar para comunidade?" A partir dos questionamentos levantados, o material foi produzido (abril/2020), apresentado aos LGC para aprovação, em seguida disponibilizado por eles em seus respectivos grupos. Esta iniciativa vem como resposta a necessidade de intervenção imediata em compartilhar conhecimentos sobre a COVID-19 e aproximar a ciência e a sociedade.

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