Working memory training improves children's syntactic ability but not vice versa: A randomized control trial.

We tested several hypotheses about the relation between syntax and working memory (WM). In a pretest/posttest randomized control trial, 104 native Cuban Spanish-speaking children (Mage = 7 years 2 months; 54 girls) took part in syntax training in their first language, syntax training in their second language, WM training, or no training (control). Compared with the control, children in the training conditions showed cognitive transfer from WM to syntax but not from syntax to WM. The result was most striking in the case of their first language, where WM training was as effective as language training in boosting syntactic performance. As well as establishing cognitive transfer at the group level, we also found that individual differences in WM performance, both at baseline and in training, predicted the extent to which children's syntax improved. The directionality of transfer, the group-level and individual-level results, established in the context of a randomized control design, all point to a strong causal role for domain-general cognition in the processes of language acquisition.

Hundred Days of Teleconsultations and Their Usefulness in the Management of COVID-19: Experience of the COVID-19 National Call Center in Bolivia.

Background: There is currently little scientific evidence on the usefulness of implementing strategies against COVID-19 remotely with the help of telemedicine. Objective: Evaluate whether teleconsultation is helpful as an instrument of mediated care in the monitoring and follow-up of individuals with high suspicion of COVID-19 through early detection by the Call Center COVID-19 of the Ministry of Health and Sports, Bolivia. Methodology: Descriptive and cross-sectional observational study of patients captured by the Call Center-COVID-19, who were monitored and followed up in their homes through teleconsultations carried out by the National TeleHealth Program, remotely through information and communication technologies throughout the Bolivian territory during the first 100 days of its implementation. Results: A total of 3,278 patients were studied, recruited between March 16 and June 23, 2020; 49.4% were women, with an overall mean age of 37.5 years (standard deviation [SD] 15.2). The mean detection time was 7.6 days (SD 6.92); 93.8% required home isolation, and only 6.2% were transferred for hospitalization. The mean follow-up time for all patients was 6.7 days (SD 4.87; range 2-38). A total of 75.6% were discharged as recovered patients, and 1.9% died. Conclusions: Early detection of individuals with suspected COVID-19 was achieved, knowing their clinical evolution until their recovery or death. Teleconsultations showed good outcomes at discharge and low fatal outcomes. From these results, it can be inferred that teleconsultation is a valuable tool in the monitoring, evaluation, and follow-up of patients. The Ministry of Health and Sports through Call Center-COVID-19 reinforced the Epidemiological Surveillance System as a passive search tool for possible suspected cases at the national level and decongesting other services in charge of this task.

[Hilar cholangiocarcinoma: The number of positive nodes and positive node/total node ratio is a significant prognostic factor for survival]. / Colangiocarcinoma hiliar: el número de ganglios positivos y la relación ganglios positivos/ganglios totales son un factor pronóstico importante de supervivencia.

INTRODUCTION: Surgical treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma remains a challenge. Multiple prognostic factors have been proposed. The number of positive nodes and the ratio between positive lymph node and total lymph node (G+/Gt) are considered by some authors as the most important factor. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We analyzed a series of 58 patients with Klatskin tumors. We evaluated the prognostic factors and survival with emphasis on the prognostic impact of the number of positive nodes and its relation to total lymph nodes. RESULTS: Resectability was 78% with a 5-year survival of 32%. The median number of nodes examined was 9.5. No significant differences were found in several of the proposed prognostic factors. The presence of 2 or more positive nodes or a ratio G+/Gt ≥ 0.2 were found to be poor prognostic factors. CONCLUSION: The relationship between positive lymph nodes and total lymph nodes and the number of positive lymph nodes are important prognostic factors.

THERE ARE NO ADVANTAGES BETWEEN LAPAROSCOPIC AND OPEN LIVER RESECTIONS WITHIN AN ENHANCED RECOVERY PROGRAM (ERAS).

BACKGROUND: The use of a successful Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) in colorectal surgery favored its application in other organs, and hepatic resections were not excluded from this tendency. Some authors suggest that the laparoscopic approach is a central element to obtain better results. AIM: To compare the laparoscopic vs. open hepatic resections within an ERAS to evaluate if there are any differences between them. METHODS: In a descriptive study 80 hepatic resections that were divided into two groups, regarding to whether they were submitted to laparoscopy or open surgery. Demographic data, those referring to the hepatectomy and the ERAS was analyzed. RESULTS: Forty-seven resections were carried out in open surgery and the rest laparoscopically; in the first group there was only one conversion to open surgery. Of the total, 17 resections were major hepatectomies and in 18 simultaneous resections. There were no differences between procedures regarding hospital stay and number of complications. There was a greater adherence to the ERAS (p=0.046) and a faster ambulation (p=0.001) in the open surgery. CONCLUSION: The procedure, whether open or laparoscopically done in hepatic resections, does not seem to show differences in an ERAS evaluation.

Open versus laparoscopic hepatectomies within an ERAS (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery) program. Are there differences?

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic procedures have gained popularity because they favor a faster recovery. In the same way, the establishment of an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) program in major abdominal surgery has shortened the hospital stay. There are several studies that report the results on ERAS programs applied to open or laparoscopic hepatectomies or comparing one of them with the classic approach but few have compared the results between both within an ERAS program. OBJECTIVE: To compare the results between open and laparoscopic hepatectomies in the same ERAS program. METHOD: Thirty-six patients undergoing hepatectomies were enrolled in this study and were either laparoscopically or open in an identical ERAS program. Hospital stay and the number of complications were taken as primary end points. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between both groups in terms of hospital stay or number of complications. The differences were in a shorter time of surgery and an earlier ambulation in favor of open surgery and a better full recovery in favor of the laparoscopic approach. CONCLUSIONS: Initial data suggest that there would be no benefits in terms of hospital stay and complication rate of laparoscopic hepatectomies over open ones within an ERAS program.

ANTECEDENTES: Los procedimientos laparoscópicos ganaron popularidad porque favorecen una recuperación rápida. El establecimiento de programas ERAS (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery) en cirugía mayor abdominal ha acortado la estancia hospitalaria independientemente de la vía de abordaje. Varios trabajos informan los resultados sobre programas ERAS aplicados a hepatectomías abiertas o laparoscópicas, o comparando una de ellas con el abordaje clásico, pero pocos han comparado los resultados entre ambas dentro de un programa ERAS. OBJETIVO: Comparar, dentro un mismo programa ERAS, los resultados entre hepatectomías abiertas y laparoscópicas. MÉTODO: Se incorporaron a este estudio 36 pacientes sometidos a hepatectomías que fueron abordados por vía laparoscópica o abierta dentro de un programa ERAS. Los objetivos primarios fueron la estancia hospitalaria y el número de complicaciones. RESULTADOS: No hubo diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos en cuanto a estancia hospitalaria ni número de complicaciones. Las diferencias radicaron en un menor tiempo de cirugía y una deambulación más precoz a favor de la cirugía abierta, y una recuperación total mejor a favor del abordaje laparoscópico. CONCLUSIONES: Los datos iniciales sugieren que no habría beneficios en cuanto a estancia hospitalaria e índice de complicaciones de las hepatectomías laparoscópicas sobre las abiertas dentro de un programa ERAS.

An Acceptability Study Of A Personal Portable Device Storing Critical Health Information To Ensure Treatment Continuity Of Home-Dwelling Older Adults In Case Of A Disaster.

AIMS: DEPPAS ("Dispositivo Electrónico Personal y Portable en Salud" or Personal, Portable Electronic Health Device in English) is a portable device in form of a bracelet that allows storing electronic health records of older adults experiencing chronic illnesses. The device seeks to support the vital sustainability of older adults by storing critical health information when electronic or paper records have been lost as a consequence of a disaster. Older adults are particularly vulnerable to experience negative consequences in this context. The present study explores the end-user acceptability of DEPPAS in order to inform the next design stages of the device. METHODS: Twenty home-dwelling urban male and female older adults enrolled in a chronic health management program were invited to participate in two focus groups. A prototype of DEPPAS was presented and reactions to health service disruption scenarios were explored. Focus groups were transcribed. Content analysis based on the Technology Acceptance Model was conducted. RESULTS: Older adults are acutely aware of their vulnerable health status. Participants report overall positive reactions to DEPPAS. The device was associated with feelings of relief and an increased sense of control over their health management. DEPPAS is perceived as useful, usable, and safe. Even though concerns regarding confidentiality were raised, benefits are perceived as more relevant than potential risks. Participants agree that its usefulness could be extended beyond disaster situations to everyday health care management. Implications for future development and limitations are discussed. CONCLUSION: The conceptual design DEPPAS shows a high level of acceptability by this end user and a high potential to be integrated with other complementary technologies (e.g. GPS, medication reminders) that could significantly contribute to improving health management in disaster situations.

There are no advantages between laparoscopic and open liver resections within an enhanced recovery program (eras) / Não há vantagens entre as ressecções hepáticas laparoscópicas e abertas dentro de um programa de recuperação avançada (eras/acerto)

ABSTRACT Background: The use of a successful Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) in colorectal surgery favored its application in other organs, and hepatic resections were not excluded from this tendency. Some authors suggest that the laparoscopic approach is a central element to obtain better results. Aim: To compare the laparoscopic vs. open hepatic resections within an ERAS to evaluate if there are any differences between them. Methods: In a descriptive study 80 hepatic resections that were divided into two groups, regarding to whether they were submitted to laparoscopy or open surgery. Demographic data, those referring to the hepatectomy and the ERAS was analyzed. Results: Forty-seven resections were carried out in open surgery and the rest laparoscopically; in the first group there was only one conversion to open surgery. Of the total, 17 resections were major hepatectomies and in 18 simultaneous resections. There were no differences between procedures regarding hospital stay and number of complications. There was a greater adherence to the ERAS (p=0.046) and a faster ambulation (p=0.001) in the open surgery. Conclusion: The procedure, whether open or laparoscopically done in hepatic resections, does not seem to show differences in an ERAS evaluation.

RESUMO Racional: O uso do protocolo Recuperação Otimizada Após Cirurgia (ERAS/ACERTO) com sucesso na cirurgia colorretal favoreceu a aplicação dele em outros órgãos; as ressecções hepáticas não foram excluídas dessa tendência. Alguns autores sugerem que a abordagem laparoscópica é elemento central para a obtenção de melhores resultados. Objetivo: Comparar as ressecções hepáticas laparoscópicas e abertas dentro de um ACERTO para avaliar se existem diferenças entre as duas técnicas. Métodos: Estudo descritivo comparando 80 ressecções hepáticas divididas em dois grupos, as realizadas por laparoscopia e aquelas por laparotomia. Foram analisados dados demográficos, referentes à hepatectomia e ao ACERTO. Resultados: Foram realizadas 47 ressecções por laparotomia e o restante por laparoscopia; houve apenas uma conversão para laparotomia no grupo da laparoscopia. Do total, 17 ressecções foram hepatectomias maiores e em 18 ressecções simultâneas. Não houve diferenças entre os procedimentos quanto ao tempo de internação e número de complicações. Houve maior adesão ao ACERTO (p=0,046) e deambulação mais rápida (p=0,001) na operação aberta. Conclusão: O procedimento, seja laparotômico ou laparoscópico nas ressecções hepáticas, não parece mostrar diferenças em uma avaliação ERAS/ACERTO.

Role of the glomerular-tubular imbalance with tubular predominance in the arterial hypertension pathophysiology.

In previous investigations we caused renal tubular reabsorption preponderance relating to the glomerular filtration (Glomerular-tubular imbalance) and we observed that this fact conducted to volume expansion and development of arterial hypertension, in rats that previously were normotens. We based on this evidence and other which are reflected in the literature arrived at the following hypothesis: a greater proportion of tubular reabsorption relating to the filtered volume is the base of the establishment of the glomerular-tubular imbalance with tubular predominance (GTI-T), which favors to the Na(+)-fluid retention and volume expansion. All of which conduced to arterial hypertension. These facts explain a primary hypertensive role of the kidney, consistent with the results of renal transplants performed in different lines of hypertensive rats and their respective controls and in humans: hypertension can be transferred with the kidney. GTI-T aims to be, a common phenomenon involved in the hypertension development in the multiple ways which is manifested the hypertensive syndrome. In secondary hypertension, GTI-T is caused by significant disruptions of hormone secretions that control renal function, or obvious vascular or parenchymal damage of these organs. In primary hypertension the GTI-T has less obvious causes inherently developed in the kidney, including humoral, cellular and subcellular mechanisms, which may insidiously manifest under environmental factors influence, resulting in insidious development of hypertension. This would explain the state of prehypertension that these individuals suffer. So it has great importance to study GTI-T before the hypertension is established, because when hypertensive state is established, other mechanisms are installed and they contribute to maintain the hypertension. Our hypothesis may explaining the inability of the kidneys to excrete salt and water in hypertension, as Guyton and colleagues have expressed and constitutes a step forward in line with the hypothesis of this author.

Colangiocarcinoma hiliar: el número de ganglios positivos y la relación ganglios positivos/ganglios totales son un factor pronóstico importante de supervivencia / Hilar cholangiocarcinoma: The number of positive nodes and positive node/total node ratio is a significant prognostic factor for survival

INTRODUCCIÓN: El tratamiento quirúrgico del colangiocarcinoma hiliar representa un verdadero desafío. Múltiples factores pronósticos han sido propuestos. El número de ganglios positivos y la relación ganglios positivos y ganglios totales (G+/Gt) son considerados por algunos autores como los más importantes. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Se analiza una serie de 58 pacientes con tumores de Klatskin. Se evalúan los factores pronósticos y la supervivencia con especial interés en el impacto pronóstico del número de ganglios positivos y su relación con los ganglios totales. RESULTADOS: La resecabilidad fue de 78% con una sobrevida a 5 años del 32%. La mediana de ganglios estudiados fue de 9,5. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en varios de los factores pronósticos analizados. La presencia de 2 o más ganglios positivos o una relación G+/Gt ≥ 0,2 resultaron ser factores de mal pronóstico. CONCLUSIÓN: La relación entre ganglios positivos sobre los ganglios totales y el número de ganglios positivos son factores pronósticos importantes

INTRODUCTION: Surgical treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma remains a challenge. Multiple prognostic factors have been proposed. The number of positive nodes and the ratio between positive lymph node and total lymph node (G+/Gt) are considered by some authors as the most important factor. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We analyzed a series of 58 patients with Klatskin tumors. We evaluated the prognostic factors and survival with emphasis on the prognostic impact of the number of positive nodes and its relation to total lymph nodes. RESULTS: Resectability was 78% with a 5-year survival of 32%. The median number of nodes examined was 9.5. No significant differences were found in several of the proposed prognostic factors. The presence of 2 or more positive nodes or a ratio G+/Gt ≥ 0.2 were found to be poor prognostic factors. CONCLUSION: The relationship between positive lymph nodes and total lymph nodes and the number of positive lymph nodes are important prognostic factors

Pielitis enfisematosa: presentación de un caso / Emphysematous pyelitis: A case presentation

La pielitis enfisematosa se caracteriza por la presencia de gas en el sistema colector renal. Por considerarse una infección rara, el presente trabajo tiene como objetivo describir las características clínicas presentes en una enferma con dicha entidad. Se trata de una paciente femenina, de 52 años de edad, con antecedentes personales de diabetes mellitus tipo 2, de 12 años de evolución que recibe Insulina NPH. Varias hospitalizaciones anteriores por pielonefritis. Ingresa por fiebre de 38 ºC y 39 ºC de cinco días de duración, dolor moderado en la fosa lumbar derecha, irradiado a la región suprapúbica, disuria, vómitos acuosos abundantes y toma del estado general. En la ecografía renal y la tomografía axial computadorizada (TAC) se comprobó la presencia de gas en el sistema colector del riñón derecho. Se aisló Escherichia Coli en el cultivo de la orina. El tratamiento fue médico, a base de Cefotaxime y Amikacina. La evolución fue satisfactoria, desde el punto de vista clínico, de las imágenes y microbiológico(AU)

The emphysematous pyelitis is characterized by the presence of gas in the collector renal system. Taking into consideration that this is a weird disease, the main objective of this research is to describe the clinical characteristics of a female patient with this entity. This 52 year -old –patient presented personal antecedents of diabetes mellitus type II with 12 years of evolution who received NPH insuline and was previously hopitalized with pyelonephritis. She was hospitalized with five days long fever, moderated pain in the lumbar right area, irradiated in the suprapubic region, dissuria, several acuous vomiting and taking of the general stage. In the renal echography and computerized axial tomography it was evidenced the presence of gas in the colecting system of the right kidney. The escherichia coli was isolated in the urine culture. There was applied a medical treatment with Cefotaxime and Amikacine. The evolution was satisfactory from the clinic, image and microbiological point of view(EU)

Profesor doctor Roberto Douglas Pedroso: una Gloria de las ciencias Básicas Médicas / Profesor doctor Roberto Douglas Pedroso: una Gloria de las ciencias Básicas Médicas

Roberto Douglas Pedroso nació el 3 de marzo de 1926, en San Juan de Las Yeras, antigua provincia de Las Villas; cursó sus primeros estudios en el colegio Sagrado Corazón en Sagua La Grande; más tarde, ingresó en el Instituto de Segunda Enseñanza de Sagua La Grande, donde se graduó de Bachiller en Ciencias en 1944 y, en 1951, de Doctor en Medicina, estudios que realizó en la Universidad de La Habana.Mundialmente, se ha hecho un hábito aprovechar las fechas de nacimiento y/o fallecimiento para recordar y homenajear a aquellos hombres que por la obra de sus vidas trazan continuamente un camino virtuoso para los demás. Sin embargo, no nos ocurre hoy así, pues al pensar en la obra que hoy realiza nuestro país en la Batalla de Ideas, la municipalización de la Educación Superior y en Ciencias Médicas y cuando las Ciencias Básicas comenzaron en septiembre del 2004 el nuevo curso de primer año en los policlínicos comunitarios --que traería un importante avance en la metodología de la enseñanza y la calidad del aprendizaje, a la par que se establecería el carácter académico de las unidades de Atención Primaria, bastión determinante de la estrategia del país para la garantía de la salud de la población-- es que creemos necesario hacer la semblanza del profesor Dr. Roberto Douglas Pedroso (fallecido), Profesor Titular de Fisiología, cuya consagración al trabajo y confianza plena en la Revolución le permitieron continuar el desarrollo de la educación en Ciencias Médicas desde el Primero de Enero de 1959, cuando dijera presente al llamado de la reforma universitaria para contribuir a la enseñanza de las Ciencias Básicas Médicas y, en particular, de las Ciencias Fisiológicas.En ese camino de lucha contra el subdesarrollo, el profesor Roberto Douglas Pedroso cumplió cabalmente los cuatro perfiles que hoy se establecen en el plan de estudios de un residente de Ciencias Básicas Médicas: docente, investigativo, asistencial y administrativo.El asistencial venía cubriéndolo desde su graduación, como médico, en el desarrollo de laboratorios de pruebas funcionales respiratorias, instalando las técnicas más avanzadas entonces y, a la vez, continuó estudiando, física, química, matemáticas, estadística e inglés, aún sin recibir salario(AU)

Hipertensión arterial experimental por medio del uso de un bloqueador competitivo de angiotensina II / Experimental arterial hypertension by using an angiotensin II competitive blocker

Se utilizó la saralasina, un bloqueador competitivo de la angiotensina II, con el propósito de incrementar el flujo sanguíneo renal y la tasa de filtración glomerular, para estudiar sus posibles consecuencias tubulares y sobre la presión arterial. Fueron divididas 40 ratas de la línea Wistar, inicialmente normotensas, en 4 grupos: saralasina, supresión, grupos controles corrieron paralelos. Se les realizaron a todos mediciones de variables hemodinámicas sistémicas y renales, así como morfométricas del riñón. Los resultados apoyaron la hipótesis de la participación de la hiperfunción tubular en la génesis de la hipertensión arterial primaria y propusieron un nuevo modelo de hipertensión arterial experimental en ratas(AU)

Hipertensión arterial experimental por medio del uso de un bloqueador competitivo de angiotensina II / Experimental arterial hypertension by using an angiotensin II competitive blocker

Se utilizó la saralasina, un bloqueador competitivo de la angiotensina II, con el propósito de incrementar el flujo sanguíneo renal y la tasa de filtración glomerular, para estudiar sus posibles consecuencias tubulares y sobre la presión arterial. Fueron divididas 40 ratas de la línea Wistar, inicialmente normotensas, en 4 grupos: saralasina, supresión, grupos controles corrieron paralelos. Se les realizaron a todos mediciones de variables hemodinámicas sistémicas y renales, así como morfométricas del riñón. Los resultados apoyaron la hipótesis de la participación de la hiperfunción tubular en la génesis de la hipertensión arterial primaria y propusieron un nuevo modelo de hipertensión arterial experimental en ratas

La Fisiología y el problema de la correlación entre lo biológico y lo social / Physiology and the problem of correlation between the biological and the social aspect

El problema de la correlación entre lo biológico y lo social ha constituido una preocupación filosófica y ha sido objeto de estudio de múltiples investigadores vinculados a las Ciencias Médicas. Señalándose en la literatura el predominio en las Ciencias Médicas de la tendencia a la absolutización de lo biológico menospreciando la acción de lo social. Con los antecedentes anteriores se estudió cómo se ha comportado dicha correlación a través del desarrollo histórico de la Fisiología, cómo se pone de manifiesto en la función del organismo humano y se enfatiza la importancia del enfoque del hombre como un ser social. Se concluye que la Fisiología antes del siglo XIX fue eminentemente biologicista, se comenzó a aceptar el carácter social del hombre con el desarrollo del estudio de la actividad nerviosa superior, y existen hoy en día múltiples evidencias de la esencia social del hombre

The problem of the correlation between the biological and the social aspect has been a philosophical preoccupation and has been studied by many researchers linked to Medical Sciences. The predominance in Medical Sciences of the trend to make the biological aspect absolute, underestimating the action of the social aspect, is stressed in literature. Taking into consideration the previous elements, it has been studied the behaviour of this correlation through the historical development of Physiology and how it manifests in the function of the human body. Emphasis is made on the importance of the approach of man as a social being. It is concluded that Physiology before the XIX century had an eminently biological character . The social character of man started to be accepted with the development of the study of the higher nervous activity and there are at present multiple evidences of the social essence of man

Volemia y excreción urinaria en ratas hipertensas tratadas con nifedipina o diuréticos / Volemia and urinary excretion hypertensive rats treated with nifedipine or diuretics

Para valorar los efectos que sobre la volemia y la excreción urinaria de ratas hipertensas tiene la nifedipina o los diuréticos se tomaron ratas hembras de 250 ñ 19 g, hipertensas; 9 recibieron nifedipina (0,06 mg/d); 10 furosemida (0,125 mg/d) y otras 9,1 mL/d de una cocción de Bidens pilosa. Los medicamentos fueron administrados por vía intraperitoneal, durante 5 d. Fueron medidas la presión arterial sistólica, el volumen sanguíneo corporal y la excreción urinaria. Las ratas hipertensas mostraron un volumen sanguíneo corporal superior a los controles negativos. La presión arterial sistólica de estos animales (160 ñ 12,61 mmHg) descendió con los 3 medicamentos (113,75 ñ 7,58 mmHg); el volumen sanguíneo corporal del grupo nifedipina se incrementó, mientras los de diuréticos fueron normales. Se concluyó que la nifedipina restablecía la presión arterial sistólica, pero no la volemia con lo que deja un grado de "encharcamiento" en el aparato cardiovascular, no así los diuréticos(AU)

Volemia y excreción urinaria en ratas hipertensas tratadas con nifedipina o diuréticos / Volemia and urinary excretion hypertensive rats treated with nifedipine or diuretics

Para valorar los efectos que sobre la volemia y la excreción urinaria de ratas hipertensas tiene la nifedipina o los diuréticos se tomaron ratas hembras de 250 ñ 19 g, hipertensas; 9 recibieron nifedipina (0,06 mg/d); 10 furosemida (0,125 mg/d) y otras 9,1 mL/d de una cocción de Bidens pilosa. Los medicamentos fueron administrados por vía intraperitoneal, durante 5 d. Fueron medidas la presión arterial sistólica, el volumen sanguíneo corporal y la excreción urinaria. Las ratas hipertensas mostraron un volumen sanguíneo corporal superior a los controles negativos. La presión arterial sistólica de estos animales (160 ñ 12,61 mmHg) descendió con los 3 medicamentos (113,75 ñ 7,58 mmHg); el volumen sanguíneo corporal del grupo nifedipina se incrementó, mientras los de diuréticos fueron normales. Se concluyó que la nifedipina restablecía la presión arterial sistólica, pero no la volemia con lo que deja un grado de "encharcamiento" en el aparato cardiovascular, no así los diuréticos

Relación de las promociones de ordinario a extraordinario en el ICBP Victoria de Girón / Relation between promotions from regular exams and from extraordinary exams in ICBP Victoria de Girón

La observación de que algunas promociones aumentaban de manera aparentemente excesiva al pasar del examen ordinario al extraordinario, determinó en el ICBP "Victoria de Girón", estudiar las posibles causas, se asumió que en un examen justo cualquiera, al menos un 50 % del alumnado podría aprobar. Se compararon los valores de los porcentajes de promovidos en extraordinarios (PE) contra el 50 % de suspensos en ordinario (So/2), por asignaturas, tipos de asignaturas, carreras y total de asignaturas de 4 cursos desde septiembre/91 a julio/95. Se calcularon los índices de rendimiento de los alumnos en extraordinario (PE/So/2). Las promociones en extraordinario se acercaron al 50 % de los suspensos en ordinario, no hubo diferencias significativas y no estuvo influida por el número de alumnos que suspende en ordinario, existiendo una correlación entre PE y So/2 de una r = 0,76. Los resultados muestran que los saltos de promoción observados son realmente aparente

In "Victoria de Girón" BPSI, remark that some promotions were increasing in a apparently excessive way from ordinary to extraordinary examination, prompted us to analyse possible causes, assuming that a fair examination whichever it is, at least 50 % of students could be passed. Values of percentages of promoted in extraordinaries examinations (PE) versus 50 % of those that failed in ordinary one (FO/2), by subject, types of subject, careers, and total of subjects from 4 courses, September/1991-July/1995. Rates of yielding of students in extraordinaries examinations (PE/FO/2), were estimated. Promotions in extraordinary examination approaches 50 % of failures in ordinary one. There weren´t significant differences neither influence on number of students failure in ordinary examination, with a correlationship between PE and FO/2(n = 0,76). Results show that observed shifts of promotion there arent´t apparent

Participación tubular renal en la génesis de la hipertensión arterial primaria / Renal tubular involvment in genesis of primary blood hypertension

Se utilizó una muestra compuesta por 45 pacientes hipertensos esenciales, 40 hipertensos y 40 sujetos sanos, de edades comprendidas entre 18 y 30 años, todos del sexo masculino, clasificados según los criterios establecidos por la Organización Mundial de la Salud, con el propósito de estudiar el papel tubular en la hipertensión arterial primaria. A todos se les realizaron pruebas de función renal y ultrasonido, entre otras. De acuerdo con los resultados, los jóvenes prehipertensos presentaron un cuadro de desbalance glomérulo tubular de preponderancia glomerular que justifica la sobrecarga reabsortiva encontrada, con aumento del volumen renal evaluado. En los jóvenes hipertensos estudiados los valores bajos de aclaramiento plasmático de creatinina, suponiendo que transitaron previamente por estado de prehipertensos, determinaron un desbalance glomérulo tubular, ahora de preponderancia tubular si se tiene en cuenta el aumento de la reabsorción tubular de sodio y litio, la disminución de la excreción de Na+ y el mayor volumen renal que presentaron(AU)

Ozonoterapia en la glomerulonefritis tóxica experimental por adriamicina / Ozone therapy in the experimental toxic glomerulonephritis due to adriamicine

Se estudió el efecto del ozono por vía rectal a diferentes dosis sobre variables de función renal y la presión arterial sistólica en un modelo de glomerulonefritis tóxica experimental por adriamicina. La glomerulonefritis experimental es causa de insuficiencia renal, caracterizada por un daño renal progresivo. Existen diferentes esquemas de tratamiento, los cuales son muy caros y producen inmunosupresión, que afecta la calidad de vida del paciente. Para desarrollar este trabajo se utilizaron 40 ratas hembras Wistar de 200 g de peso, divididas en 4 grupos, uno control, otro control positivo, que recibieron adriamicina durante un período de 10 semanas, y otros 2 que recibieron terapia con ozono. A todos se les determinó la proteinuria, presión arterial sistólica y diuresis de 24 h. Los resultados mostraron que la terapia con ozono a una dosis de 0,3 mg/kg tuvo efecto renoprotector(AU)

Participación tubular renal en la génesis de la hipertensión arterial primaria / Renal tubular involvment in genesis of primary blood hypertension

Se utilizó una muestra compuesta por 45 pacientes hipertensos esenciales, 40 hipertensos y 40 sujetos sanos, de edades comprendidas entre 18 y 30 años, todos del sexo masculino, clasificados según los criterios establecidos por la Organización Mundial de la Salud, con el propósito de estudiar el papel tubular en la hipertensión arterial primaria. A todos se les realizaron pruebas de función renal y ultrasonido, entre otras. De acuerdo con los resultados, los jóvenes prehipertensos presentaron un cuadro de desbalance glomérulo tubular de preponderancia glomerular que justifica la sobrecarga reabsortiva encontrada, con aumento del volumen renal evaluado. En los jóvenes hipertensos estudiados los valores bajos de aclaramiento plasmático de creatinina, suponiendo que transitaron previamente por estado de prehipertensos, determinaron un desbalance glomérulo tubular, ahora de preponderancia tubular si se tiene en cuenta el aumento de la reabsorción tubular de sodio y litio, la disminución de la excreción de Na+ y el mayor volumen renal que presentaron