Dietary patterns and their associations with the metabolic syndrome and predicted 10-year risk of CVD in northwest Chinese adults.

The impact of diet on the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and CVD has been investigated widely, but few studies have investigated the association between dietary patterns (DP) and the predicted CVD, derived from reduced rank regression (RRR). The objectives of this study were to derive DP using RRR and principal component analysis (PCA) and investigate their associations with the MetS and estimated 10-year atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD). We used the baseline dataset from the Xinjiang multi-ethnic cohort study in China, collected from June 2018 to May 2019. A total of 14 982 subjects aged 35-74 years from Urumqi, Huo Cheng and Mo Yu were included in the analysis. The 10-year ASCVD risk was estimated using the Chinese ASCVD risk equations. The associations of DP with the MetS and 10-year ASCVD were determined using multivariable logistic regression models. In Urumqi and Mo Yu, the increased RRR DP score was associated with a higher OR of having the MetS and with a higher OR of elevated 10-year ASCVD risk. However, only the first DP determined by PCA in Urumqi was inversely associated with the MetS and elevated 10-year ASCVD risk. The prevalence of the MetS and elevated ASCVD risk in urban population is higher than that in rural areas. Our results may help nutritionists develop more targeted dietary strategies to prevent the MetS and ASCVD in different regions in China.

Oral Microbiota Linking Associations of Dietary Factors with Recurrent Oral Ulcer.

Recurrent oral ulcer (ROU) is a prevalent and painful oral disorder with implications beyond physical symptoms, impacting quality of life and necessitating comprehensive management. Understanding the interplays between dietary factors, oral microbiota, and ROU is crucial for developing targeted interventions to improve oral and systemic health. Dietary behaviors and plant-based diet indices including the healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI) were measured based on a validated food frequency questionnaire. Saliva microbial features were profiled using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. In this cross-sectional study of 579 community-based participants (aged 22-74 years, 66.5% females), 337 participants had ROU. Participants in the highest tertile of hPDI exhibited a 43% lower prevalence of ROU (odds ratio [OR] = 0.57, 95%CI: 0.34-0.94), compared to the lowest tertile, independent of demographics, lifestyle, and major chronic diseases. Participants with ROU tended to have lower oral bacterial richness (Observed ASVs, p < 0.05) and distinct bacterial structure compared to those without ROU (PERMANOVA, p = 0.02). The relative abundances of 16 bacterial genera were associated with ROU (p-FDR < 0.20). Of these, Olsenella, TM7x, and unclassified Muribaculaceae were identified as potential mediators in the association between hPDI and ROU (all p-mediations < 0.05). This study provides evidence of the intricate interplays among dietary factors, oral microbiota, and ROU, offering insights that may inform preventive and therapeutic strategies targeting diets and oral microbiomes.

Comparison of lipid accumulation product and body mass index as indicators of diabetes diagnosis among 215,651 Chinese adults.

PURPOSE: We aimed to assess if lipid accumulation product (LAP) could outperform body mass index (BMI) as a marker for diabetes diagnosis. METHODS: We analyzed the results of a national physical examination project in Urumqi, China. This project was conducted in 442 community clinics in Urumqi from October 2016 to February 2017. RESULTS: LAP was highly correlated with diabetes. The subjects with higher amounts of LAP had a higher risk of diabetes, and the prevalence of diabetes in the fourth quartile of LAP was dramatically higher than in the first quartile (5.72% vs. 21.76%). The adjusted odds ratios (AOR) associated with diabetes in the fourth quartile of LAP was significantly higher than the AOR associated with diabetes in the first quartile, and when BMI ≥ 28 kg/m2 was compared with BMI < 28 kg/m2 (3.24 (3.11, 3.37) vs. 1.65 (1.60, 1.70)). The LAP's area under the curve (AUC) was significantly higher than the BMI's AUC when based on diabetes (0.655 vs. 0.604). In the normal BMI group, 34% of participants had a LAP value higher than the cutoff point found during ROC analysis. In this subgroup, we observed a significantly higher prevalence of diabetes that was similar to that of the subgroup with a BMI ≥ 28 kg/m2, and both of their LAP values were higher than the cutoff point. CONCLUSION: When use as a tool for diabetes diagnosis, LAP performed better than BMI, implying that LAP could be a preferable anthropometry assessment.

The confidence affects willingness to use pre-exposure prophylaxis among MSM, based on Path analysis / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective@#To analyze the influence of the confidence to pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) on the willingness to use PrEP in men who have sex with men (MSM) by using the path analysis model based on structural equation model approach.@*Methods@#A total of 550 MSM were recruited in Urumqi by snowball method and a questionnaire survey was conducted among them. According to the professional knowledge and analysis results of the confidence and willingness to use PrEP, structural equation model (SEM) analysis method was used to construct a path analysis model.@*Results@#A total of 513 MSM participated in the survey. The modified path equation model was well fitted, with the modified fitting index as: GFI=0.993, RMSEA<0.001, and AGFI=0.984. The confidence to PrEP had direct influence on the willingness; the degree of influence from sex partners, the attitude of sex partner to PrEP and the positive emotions not only had direct effects on willingness of PrEP use, but also had indirect effects on willingness of PrEP use by affecting the confidence to it; the role in sexual behavior, AIDS severity, HIV prevention behavior had direct effects on willingness of PrEP use. The proportion of HIV infection in the population had no direct effects on willingness of PrEP use, but had indirect effects on willingness of PrEP use by affecting the confidence to it.@*Conclusions@#The confidence to PrEP had influence on willingness of PrEP use in MSM, therefore targeted activities can be conducted to improve the confidence and willingness of MSM in taking the PrEP and reducing the risk of HIV infection in MSM. Compared with the traditional multiple regression analysis, the path analysis using the structural equation model could better reveal the mediating effect between the independent variables and dependent variables.

Correlation between metabolic syndrome component aggregation and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in a certain district of Urumqi’s check-up population / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective The relationship between metabolic syndrome(MetS), metabolic syndrome score (MSS) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) in Urumqi was investigated by the MSS, reflecting the aggregation of MetS components. Methods The subjects were divided into non-NAFLD and NAFLD group by abdominal B ultrasound. The results of physical examination and blood biochemical examination were analyzed. The MSS was calculated and the relationship between the different aggregation of MSS and NAFLD was analyzed by Log-binomial regression. Results A total of 20 569 subjects were included in the study. The detection rate of MetS was 16.7%, the detection rate of NAFLD was 32.4%. Compared with non-NAFLD group, the systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure,body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were all increased in the NAFLD group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After adjusting for gender, age, ethnicity and education level, Log-binomial regression analysis showed high BMI, hypertension and hyperglycemia. High triglycerides and low-density lipoproteins are the main risk factors for NAFLD (PR values were 3.194, 1.331, 1.623, 1.981, 1.254, respectively); the risk of NAFLD increased corresondingly when MSS, MSS0, MSS1, MSS2, MSS3, and MSS4 increased. The PR were 3.127, 4.983, 6.437, and 7.331, respectively. Conclusions The formation of NAFLD is not a single accumulation of liver fat, combined with abnormalities such as blood lipids, blood pressure, and blood sugar. The detection rate of male MetS and NAFLD was higher than that of female, but women with two abnormal metabolic indicators were more likely to develop into NAFLD. BMI as the obesity index has the strongest relationship with NAFLD, and NAFLD prevention should focus on obese people.

Rush poppers use and risks of human papillomavirus infection among men who have sex with men in Urumqi: mediation effect through high-risk sexual behaviors / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective@#To study the prevalence of rush poppers use among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Urumqi and to analyze the mediating effect of high-risk sexual behavior between the use of rush poppers and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.@*Methods@#From January to June 2018, 651 MSM were recruited through network and publicity. Data was collected by using online questionnaire and anal swab were collected from them for HPV genotyping. According to Baron and Kenny's criterion, multivariate logistic regression models was used to analyze the mediation effect of high-risks sexual behaviors (multiple sexual partners, anal intercourse condom use) between rush poppers use and HPV infection.@*Results@#A total of 651 subjects were (32.0±8.0) years old, and 174 subjects (26.7%) had ever used rush poppers in the past 6 months, while 350 subjects (46.9%) had more than 2 sexual partners and 188 subjects (28.9%) did not use anal condom. After adjusting age and marital status, rush poppers use was associated with HPV infection (OR (95%CI) was 2.34 (1.63-3.36), P<0.05), and sexual partners in the past 6 months (OR (95%CI) was 2.72 (1.89-3.93), P<0.05).After adjustment for age, marital status, sexual partners in the past 6 months, and anal condom use, rush poppers use was still associated with HPV infection (OR (95%CI) was 2.21 (1.53-3.19), P<0.05).After adjustment and adjustment of age, marital status, rush poppers use and anal sex condom use, the number of sexual partners at nearly 6 months was still associated with HPV infection (OR (95%CI) was 1.46 (1.05-2.04), P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Sexual partners in the past 6 months have a mediation effect between rush poppers use and HPV infection in Urumqi. For the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases, we should focus on rush poppers use.