RESUMO
Physical, chemical, biological and implant tests on calcium phosphate prepared by the mechanochemical method with wet milling were performed to determine their applicability for periodontal therapy. 1. Materials synthesized by the new method had a stoichiometric ratio of Ca/P = 1.50 and a density of 3.70 g/cm3 and coincided with the standard pattern of beta-TCP (ASTM Card) very well. 2. The surface structure of dense type sintered at 1,100 degrees C showed fewer fine pores than the dense type sintered at 1,050 degrees C. The surface structure of the porous type sintered at 1,050 degrees C showed finer pores, except for a continuous large pore than the porous type sintered at 1,000 degrees C. 3. Specific conductivity tests should higher solubilities of the porous type than of the dense type in pure water, and of materials sintered at low temperature than at high temperature. 4. Cytotoxicity studies with V-79 cells showed no significant differences from the controls, and other biological tests revealed no abnormalities. 5. At three and six weeks after implantation in muscles, all of beta-TCP was enclosed with collagen fiber. The porous type of beta-TCP was almost completely fused to cranical bone in rabbits three weeks after implantation. The dense type of beta-TCP was completely fused to cranical bone six weeks after implantation. From these results, it can be concluded that beta-TCP prepared by the new method is of high purity and biocompatibility. Consequently beta-TCP is expected to be effective in clinical use.