Primary pulmonary Hodgin's disease: a case report.

A case of Hodgkin's disease occurred with pulmonary involvement as the initial feature. The disease was initially seen clinically and roentgenographically as a diffuse pulmonary infiltrate. To our knowledge, the pattern of diffuse pneumonic involvement without intrathoracic lymphadenopathy at presentation has been reported only in one other case. Differentiation of this diffuse pneumonic pattern of primary pulmonary Hodgkin's disease from the more common pattern of a focal mass or infiltrate is important in considering appropriate therapy.

Hand radiographs in Russell-Silver syndrome.

Left-hand radiographs were analyzed for bone age of 15 patients with Russell-Silver syndrome. No single finding was pathognomonic. However, in children between 2 and 10 years of age, the concordance of significantly delayed maturation, clinodactyly, fifth middle or distal phalangeal hypoplasia, ivory epiphyses, and a second metacarpal pseudoepiphyses is suggestive and should prompt a search for the well-recognized clinical features of this condition.

Unilateral carpal bone deformity in mother and son.

We report on a mother and son with unilateral absence of most of the proximal carpal bones, dysplasia of the distal row of carpal bones, and deformity of the forearm. Although carpal bone dysplasia has been reported in several congenital or progressive disorders, unilateral involvement with lack of progression makes this a distinct entity.

Brief clinical report: syndrome of telecanthus, hypertelorism, strabismus, and pes cavus in father and son.

We report on a father and son who have telecanthus, hypertelorism, strabismus, and pes cavus. In addition, the son has hypospadias, bilateral inguinal hernia, clinodactyly and camptodactyly of fingers bilaterally, a small tissue mass on the tip of his nose, and radiographic findings including flared metaphyses of long bones and osteopenia.

Determination of leg length discrepancy. A comparison of weight-bearing and supine imaging.

Leg length discrepancy (LLD) may be determined by comparison of leg (lower extremity) lengths measured during physical examination or by radiographic means. Leg lengths may be measured with the patient in standing, weight-bearing position or in supine position. We used a low dose digital radiographic unit to test the hypothesis that there is a difference in LLD determined from radiographs obtained with the patient standing and those obtained with the patient supine. Conventional physical examination measurements also were compared with the radiographic measurements. The amount of LLD that is clinically meaningful has not been established, although 10 to 12 mm has been used as a threshold difference of clinical meaningfulness in the past. Analysis of our data, using 10 mm as the threshold of difference, reveals high level correlation by linear regression analysis and no significant difference by t-test between measurements obtained from standing and supine radiographs. A weak correlation and statistical difference existed between each set of radiographic measurements and physical examination measurements.

Low-dose transaxial tomography. An alternative to computed tomography for the evaluation of anteversion of the femur during childhood.

Low-dose transaxial tomography is a technique that can produce cross-sectional images of the hips and femurs in children to permit calculation of the angle of femoral anteversion. Transaxial tomography was compared with computed tomography in terms of measured radiation dose and image quality. Transaxial tomography was found to require at least 90% less radiation dose, and the images were judged to be acceptable for the determination of anteversion.

CT of neonatal herpes encephalitis.

Seven neonates with proven herpes (HSV type 2) encephalitis exhibited a characteristic sequence of findings on cranial computed tomography (CT). The initial CT abnormalities in all infants were fingerlike areas of cortical increased attenuation noted on unenhanced scans obtained 2-30 days after presentation. These usually were accentuated by increased white-matter lucency. Subsequently (more than 30 days after presentation), extensive cerebral destruction, multicystic encephalomalacia, and calcification were seen on follow-up CT scans obtained in five infants.

Inherited diseases of bone density in children.

In this article the radiographic manifestations of various genetic diseases predominately affecting bone mineralization are considered. Osteogenesis imperfecta and other diseases of diffuse osteopenia, hereditary rickets and rachiticlike conditions, and osteopetrosis and other diseases of increased bone density are emphasized. Recognition of the radiographic manifestations allows accurate diagnosis, therapeutic intervention when possible, and determination of recurrence risk for genetic counseling.

Radiographic manifestations of congenital anomalies of the lower urinary tract.

The evaluation of anomalies of the lower urinary tract (ureter, bladder, and urethra) requires high quality ultrasonography, voiding cystourethrography, and, occasionally, intravenous urography and contrast sinography. Infants with these anomalies present because of abnormal intrauterine ultrasonographic examinations, urinary tract infections, or obvious external malformations. With a solid embryologic knowledge of the development of the lower urinary tract the radiologist can tailor the imaging procedures to demonstrate almost all aspects of the anomaly and the presence or absence of frequently associated malformations.

Antenatal-onset infantile cortical hyperostosis and nonimmune hydrops.

Infantile cortical hyperostosis antenatal onset is an uncommon disease characterized by polyhydramnios, anasarca or hydrops, pulmonary hypoplasia, hepatomegaly, bowed hyperostotic long bones, and a poor prognosis. Sonographically the intrauterine manifestations may be similar to those of osteogenesis imperfecta, type II.

Neonatal mucolipidosis II (I-cell disease) with dysharmonic epiphyseal ossification and butterfly vertebral body.

I-cell (mucolipidosis 2) is a rare, autosomal recessive neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disease. Neonatal skeletal radiographs are distinctive; a transient osteopathy that has features resembling hyperparathyroidism and rickets is present during the first year of life. The case of a 3-week old infant with I-cell disease is presented. Additional radiographic findings in this case include a butterfly vertebral body and dysharmonic epiphyseal ossification.

Large torsed neonatal ovarian cysts associated with massive vesicoureteral and intrarenal reflux.

The cases of two infants with large neonatal ovarian cysts complicated by salpingotorsion are reported. Both had persistent hydronephrosis after resolution of the ovarian cyst. Voiding cystourethrography in each child demonstrated massive vesicoureteral reflux with intrarenal reflux. The potential significance of this association and its possible cause are discussed.

Uriniferous perirenal pseudocyst in a neonate with primary obstructive megaureter.

The case of a newborn infant with a high-grade ureterovesical junction obstruction--a primary obstructive megaureter--who presented with a perirenal pseudocyst (urinoma) is discussed. Radionuclide studies allowed recognition of this collection and led to the discovery of the ureteral obstruction. The rarity of urinomas in neonates and the scintigraphic appearance of urinomas are emphasized.

[Type IA glycogenosis with acute pancreatitis]. / Glycogénose type IA avec pancréatite aiguë.

Type IA glycogenosis, or von Gierke disease, is the most common among the glycogenoses with enlarged liver. Acute pancreatitis is a rare manifestation of type IA glycogenosis and has been attributed to elevated serum fat levels. We report a case of type IA glycogenosis with acute pancreatitis. The radiologists should be familiar with the computed tomography findings in this rare complications of type IA glycogenosis.

[Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome type II. Contribution of imaging]. / Le syndrome de Smith-Lemli-Opitz, type II. L'apport de l'imagerie.

Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome, type II, is a very rare congenital condition which has been fatal in all reported cases. The imaging findings can be diagnostic. A rapid and accurate diagnosis is very important to the effected infant and the parents in this autosomal recessive condition.

[Giant Meckel diverticulum type II. Apropos of a case]. / Diverticule géant de Meckel, type II. A propos d'un cas.

Giant Meckel diverticula type II are very rare. However, in contrast with classic Meckel diverticula the small bowel follow through is often abnormal and suggestive of the diagnosis.

[Sézary syndrome with rapidly progressing pulmonary lymphoma in a child]. / Le syndrome de Sézary avec lymphome pulmonaire rapidement progressif chez un enfant.

A 7 year old boy with a prior history of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia developed Sezary syndrome or cutaneous lymphoma of T-lymphocytes (CLTL). His course was rapidly progressive and fatal with the primary manifestation being pulmonary lymphoma. This patient is one of the youngest with CLTL to manifest extracutaneous involvement.

[False mass of the thoracic wall in obese adolescent girls]. / Fausse masse de la paroi thoracique chez des adolescentes obèses.

Each of four obese adolescent females were thought to have pre-sternal anterior chest wall "masses" when evaluated by lateral chest radiograph. All had normal physical examinations. The apparent chest wall masses were found to be an artifact created by partial midline contact of both, large breasts, surrounded by a partial midline air space adding contrast to the adjacent soft tissue. Manual abduction of the breasts was followed by disappearance of the apparent radiographic abnormality.