The Impact of a Point-of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS) Program to Diagnose and Manage Ascites in Home-based Palliative Care.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine the impact of a point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) program among people with ascites receiving home-based palliative care by measuring the association of POCUS with ascites-related days spent out of the home, compared with outcomes before POCUS implementation. DESIGN: Open cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Adults who had an ascites-related procedure (ARP) between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2015 (ie, pre-POCUS) and January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2020 (ie, POCUS). An ARP was defined as using ultrasound to diagnose suspected ascites or a paracentesis with or without ultrasound guidance to manage ascites. METHODS: The main outcome was the rate of ascites-related days spent out of the home, defined as days out of the home for either ARPs or because of ascites-related hospital admissions, relative to the time patients were at risk for spending ascites-related days out of the home. RESULTS: Among the 103 pre-POCUS patients (mean age 68.0; 50.4% female), there were 161 ARPs with 12.4% occurring at home. Among the 127 POCUS patients (mean age 74.0; 52.0% female) there were 193 ARPs with 82.4% occurring at home. POCUS was associated with a significantly lower rate of ascites-related days spent outside the home (pre-POCUS rate of 33 days per 1000 patient days vs POCUS rate of 9 days; unadjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR), 3.86; 95% CI, 2.95-5.12; P < .001; adjusted IRR, 3.83; 95% CI, 1.27-11.54; P = .02). POCUS was also associated with a higher likelihood of ARPs occurring in the home [unadjusted odds ratio (OR), 32.44; 95% CI, 18.15-59.90; P < .001; adjusted OR, 48.99; 95% CI, 21.04-114.10; P < .001]. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: The use of POCUS may contribute to maximizing time spent at home for palliative care patients with ascites. These findings support the use of POCUS for home-based palliative care programs.

Collaborative Care in NSCLC; the Role of Early Palliative Care.

The management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has evolved into a multidisciplinary team approach that traditionally has involved medical oncology, radiation oncology, and thoracic surgery. However, in the era of personalized medicine the importance of molecular diagnostics requires adequate tissue for histologic subtyping and molecular testing and thus requires the engagement of other subspecialties such as pathology, respirology, and interventional radiology. Unfortunately in 2014, the majority of patients presenting with NSCLC will succumb to their disease and the early integration of palliative care into the treatment strategy will improve the quality of life and end-of-life care of our patients and may in fact improve their overall survival.