Biosynthesis of α-keto acids and resolution of chiral amino acids by l-amino acid deaminases from Proteus mirabilis.

Chiral amino acids and their deamination products, α-keto acids, have important applications in food, medicine, and fine chemicals. In this study, two l-amino acid deaminase genes from Proteus mirabilis, PM473 of type Ⅰ and PM471 of type Ⅱ were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli respectively, expected to achieve the chiral separation of amino acids. Extensive substrate preference testing showed that both deaminases had catalytic effects on the d-amino acid component of the D, l-amino acids, and PM473 has a wider catalytic range for amino acids. When D, L-Cys was used as the substrate, all L-Cys components and 75.1 % of D-Cys were converted to mercapto pyruvate, and the remaining D-Cys was a single chiral enantiomer. Molecular docking analysis showed that the interaction between the substrate and the key residues affected the stereoselectivity of enzymes. The compatibility of hydrophobicity between the binding pocket and substrate may be the basic factor that affects the substrate selectivity. This work provides an alternative method for the production of α-keto acids and the resolution of chiral amino acids.

Strain-induced ferroelectric polarization reversal without undergoing geometric inversion in blue SiSe monolayer.

Ferroelectricity in two-dimensional (2D) systems generally arises from phonons and has been widely investigated. On the contrary, electronic ferroelectricity in 2D systems has been rarely studied. Using first-principles calculations, the ferroelectric behavior of the buckled blue SiSe monolayer under strain are explored. It is found that the direction of the out-of-plane ferroelectric polarization can be reversed by applying an in-plane strain. And such polarization switching is realized without undergoing geometric inversion. Besides, the strain-triggered polarization reversal emerges in both biaxial and uniaxial strain cases, indicating it is an intrinsic feature of such a system. Further analysis shows that the polarization switching is the result of the reversal of the magnitudes of the positive and negative charge center vectors. And the variation of buckling is found to play an important role, which results in the switch. Moreover, a non-monotonic variation of band gap with strain is revealed. Our findings throws light on the investigation of novel electronic ferroelectric systems.

Evaluation of root position during orthodontic treatment via multiple intraoral scans with automated registration technology.

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to introduce a method for dynamically monitoring root position with intraoral scans using automated crown registration and root segmentation with artificial intelligence technology and to evaluate its accuracy using a novel semiautomatic root apical distance measurement procedure. METHODS: The sample consisted of 412 teeth from 16 patients whose intraoral scans and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) were obtained before and after treatment. Crowns from intraoral scans and roots segmented from CBCT with artificial intelligence technology before treatment were registered, integrated, and divided into individual teeth. With an automated registration program, the virtual root was constructed by crown registration before and after treatment. The distance deviation of the root position at the apex between the virtual root and the actual root, which served as a control, was measured and decomposed into the distance deviation in the mesiodistal and buccolingual directions. RESULTS: The shell deviation of crown registration between CBCT and oral scan before treatment was 0.19 ± 0.04 mm and 0.22 ± 0.04 mm in the maxilla and mandible, respectively. The apical root position distance deviations were 0.27 ± 0.12 mm in the maxilla and 0.31 ± 0.11 mm in the mandible. There was no significant difference between root position in mesiodistal and buccolingual directions. CONCLUSIONS: Applying automated crown registration and root segmentation with artificial intelligence technology in this study improved the accuracy and efficiency of monitoring root position. In addition, the innovative semiautomatic distance measurement procedure can more precisely distinguish the root position discrepancy.

Review on recent advances in the properties, production and applications of microbial dextranases.

Dextranase is a type of hydrolase that is responsible for catalyzing the breakdown of high-molecular-weight dextran into low-molecular-weight polysaccharides. This process is called dextranolysis. A select group of bacteria and fungi, including yeasts and likely certain complex eukaryotes, produce dextranase enzymes as extracellular enzymes that are released into the environment. These enzymes join dextran's α-1,6 glycosidic bonds to make glucose, exodextranases, or isomalto-oligosaccharides (endodextranases). Dextranase is an enzyme that has a wide variety of applications, some of which include the sugar business, the production of human plasma replacements, the treatment of dental plaque and its protection, and the creation of human plasma replacements. Because of this, the quantity of studies carried out on worldwide has steadily increased over the course of the past couple of decades. The major focus of this study is on the most current advancements in the production, administration, and properties of microbial dextranases. This will be done throughout the entirety of the review.

Folate deficiency enhances the in vitro genotoxicity of bile acids in human colon and liver cells.

Obese subjects have a high baseline of genotoxic stress, but the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. Given that obesity is associated with high bile acids (BA) and low folate, we aimed to determine the interactive effect of folate deficient or supplementation to the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of BA in human colon and liver cells. NCM460 and L-02 cells were cultured in folate-deficient (22.6 nM) and replete (2260 nM) Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI)-1640 medium with or without 50 µM deoxycholic acid (DCA) or lithocholic acid (LCA) for 7 days. Moreover, these cells were cultured in folate supplemented (5.65, 11.3 and 22.6 µM) and standard (2.26 µM) medium with 200 µM DCA or LCA for 7 days. Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity were measured using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay. Our results showed that under folate-replete condition, 50 µM DCA or LCA significantly increased the rate of micronuclei (MN) in NCM460 and L-02 cells. Significantly, the MN-inducing effect of 50 µM DCA or LCA was further enhanced by folate deficiency. Interestingly, folate supplementation exerted a dose-dependent manner to significantly decrease the rates of MN, nucleoplasmic bridges, nuclear buds, apoptosis, and necrosis induced by 200 µM DCA or LCA in NCM460 and L-02 cells. In conclusion, the genotoxicity of moderate BA (50 µM) was exacerbated by folate deficiency and folate supplementation could efficiently protect cells against the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of high BA (200 µM).

Purification, characterization, and application of a thermostable dextranase from Talaromyces pinophilus.

Dextranase can hydrolyze dextran to low-molecular-weight polysaccharides, which have important medical applications. In the study, dextranase-producing strains were screened from various soil sources. The strain H6 was identified as Talaromyces pinophilus by a standard ITS rDNA analysis. Crude dextranase was purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation and Sepharose 6B chromatography, which resulted in a 6.69-fold increase in the specific activity and an 11.27% recovery. The enzyme was 58 kDa, lower than most dextranase, with an optimum temperature of 45 °C and an optimum pH of 6.0, and identified as an endodextranase. It was steady over a pH range from 3.0 to 10.0 and had reasonable thermal stability. The dextranase activity was increased by urea, which enhanced its activity to 115.35% and was conducive to clinical dextran production. Therefore, T. pinophilus H6 dextranase could show its superiority in practical applications.

[Association of Insulin Resistance and ß Cell Function with Lipid Metabolism in Middle-aged and Elderly Hui and Han Populations].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the association of insulin resistance and ß cell function with lipid metabolism in middle-aged and elderly Hui and Han populations. METHODS: A total of 1000 subjects age over 40 years were recruited from five urban communities in Yinchuan and Wuzhong cities of Ningxia. The composition ratio between Hui and Han nationality was 1:2. A questionnaire-based survey was performed. Physical examinations were carried out to measure the height, body mass, waistline, and hipline. The levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), blood uric acid (BUA), fasting blood glucose and insulin were measured. The boby mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), and secretion related index including insulin resistance index (IR), insulin sensitivity index (IAI), and beta cell function index (HBCI) were calculated. RESULTS: The BMI, WHR, IAI, HBCI, and the prevalence rate of diabetes in Hui nationality were significantly higher than those in Han nationality (P<0.01). The levels of BUA, fasting blood glucose, TC, and IR in Han nationality were significantly lower than those in Hui nationality (P<0.01). In Hui populations, TG, BMI, WHR, and BUA were positively correlated with IR (r=0.234, r=0.193, r=0.143, and r=0.129, respectively; P<0.01) and were negatively correlated with IAI (r=-0.234, r=-0.193, r=-0.143, r=-0.129, respectively; P<0.01), whereas TC was negatively correlated with HBCI (r=-0.169, P<0.01). In Han populations, TC, TG, BMI, WHR, and BUA were positively correlated with IR (r=0.140, r=0.257, r=0.288, r=0.163, r=0.104, P<0.01) and negatively correlated with IAI (r=-0.140, r=-0.257, r=-0.288, r=-0.163, and r=-0.104, P<0.01), whereas BMI was negatively correlated with HBCI (r=-0.111, P<0.01). After the influential factors such as gender, nationality, and age were adjusted, the TC, TG, BMI, WHR, BUA levels were positively correlated with IR (r=0.109, r=0.256, r=0.253, r=0.139, and r=0.142, P<0.01) and negatively correlated with IAI (r=-0.109, r=-0.256, r=-0.253, r=-0.139, and r=-0.142, P<0.01). TC and BMI were negatively correlated with HBCI (r=-0.113, r=-0.086, P<0.01). TG and BMI were independently associated with IR and IAI (r=0.218, r=0.182, r=-0.218, r=-0.182), while TC and BMI were independently associated with HBCI (r=-0.113, r=-0.086). CONCLUSIONS: The distributions of TC, TG, BMI, WHR, BUA, IR, IAI, and HBCI differ between Han and Hui populations. The development of insulin resistance is closely related with the increased levels of TC, TG, BMI, WHR, and BUA. However, the HBCI increases with the increased level of TC and BMI. TG and BMI may be related with insulin resistance. Also, TC and BMI may affect the secretion function of ß cells.

Soil stability characteristics of mulberry lands at hydro-fluctuation belt in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, China.

The hydro-fluctuation belt in the Three Gorges Reservoir area is a typical seasonal and artificial wetland system and ecologically fragile zone. Using the widely existing mulberry forest lands in the hydro-fluctuation belt as an example and the 180-m water-level forest land as a control, this paper analyzes the soil stability of mulberry forestlands at different water levels in the hydro-fluctuation belt by analyzing and comparing the changes between soil physical and mechanical properties. The results indicated that (1) water-level changes, such as rising, flooding, draining, and exposure, affect the soil structure in mulberry forestlands. The soil agglomeration statuses for the soil layers decreased from 180 > 175 > 170 > 165 m, and the soil agglomeration statuses at a depth of 0∼20 cm decreased by 43.79, 44.95, and 57.45% compared with the control. (2) The soil water stability index decreased as follows: 180 > 170 > 175 > 165 m, which only accounted for 50.00, 47.73, and 40.91% of the control. In addition, the soil water stability indexes for the topsoils at various water levels were 1.87 (180 m), 1.67 (175 m), 2.92 (170 m), and 1.86 (165 m) times greater than those of the subsoils; thus, the resistance to hydraulic dispersion and disintegration were greater in the topsoil than in the subsoil. (3) The soil aggregate stability index decreased from 180 > 165 > 170 > 175 m and by 22.75, 23.53, and 35.29% compared with the control. (4) The soil shear strengths (composed of the cohesive force C and the internal friction angle φ) of the topsoils at water levels of 175, 170, and 165 m were significantly lower than in the control, and the internal friction angles decreased by 10.52, 19.08, and 43.25% and the cohesive force decreased by 9.88, 16.36, and 27.51%, respectively. The stability of the soil structure was greatly influenced by the soil clay content, soil organic matter content, and waterlogging duration. The study results could provide scientific support for soil and water conservation in the hydro-fluctuation belt and for biological filter construction in the Three Gorges Reservoir area to control the transport of sediment and non-point source pollutants.

Similarities between "Big Data" and traditional Chinese medicine information.

In this paper, we analyze the four distinct characteristics of information on Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), namely epistemological information, phenomenon information, overall information, and time information. These characteristics bear to some extent strong similarity to the three characteristics of "Big Data", namely integrity data, fuzzy data and correlation data, so the advent of the age of "Big Data" is bound to create good opportunities for the development of TCM informatics and is also be expected to provide methods and techniques for processing and analysis of TCM "comprehensive data".

Mechanism analysis of a novel natural cationic modified dextran flocculant and its application in the treatment of blue algal blooms.

Blue algae, a type of harmful microalgae, are responsible for causing harmful algal blooms that result in severe environmental issues. To address this problem, a biopolysaccharide-based flocculant was developed for treating blue algae blooms. This flocculant was created by modifying high molecular weight dextran using the natural cationic monomer betaine (Dex-Bet), making it environmentally friendly. Various techniques were used to characterize the prepared Dex-Bet flocculant, including infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectroscopy (1H NMR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The effectiveness of the Dex-Bet flocculant was evaluated using kaolin-simulated wastewater. The results showed that the treated supernatant had a transmittance of up to 98.25 %. Zeta potential analysis revealed that the main mechanisms of flocculation were charge neutralization, charge patching, and adsorption bridging. The application of Dex-Bet in treating blue-green algae resulted in a maximum removal rate of 98.2 %. This study provides a potential flocculant for blue algae bloom treatment.

[Site-directed mutagenesis enhances the activity of dextranase from Arthrobacter oxidans KQ11].

Dextranase is an enzyme that specifically hydrolyzes the α-1, 6 glucoside bond. In order to improve the activity of dextranase from Arthrobacter oxidans KQ11, site-directed mutagenesis was used to modify the amino acids involved in the "tunnel-like binding site". A saturating mutation at position 507 was carried out on this basis. The mutant enzymes A356G, S357W, W507Y, and W507F with improved enzyme activities and catalytic efficiency were successfully obtained. Compared with wild type (WT), W507Y showed the specific activity increasing by 3.00 times, the kcat value increasing by 3.62 times, the Km value decreasing by 54%, and the catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) increasing by 8.98 times. The three-dimensional structure analysis showed that the increase of the number of hydrogen bonds and the distance between "tunnel-like binding sites" were important factors affecting enzyme activity. Compared with WT, W507Y had a shortened distance from the residues on the other side of the "tunnel-like binding site", which made it easier to generate hydrogen binding forces. Accordingly, the substrate hydrolysis and product efflux were accelerated, which dramatically increased the enzyme activity and catalytic efficiency.

The Radio of RDW/ALB: A Cost-Effective Biomarker for Early-Stage Risk Stratification in Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Background and Aims: The red blood cell distribution width (RDW) to albumin (ALB) ratio (RAR) has been identified as a prognostic indicator for mortality in critically ill patients across various diseases. Nevertheless, the impact of RAR on clinical functional prognosis in Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of RAR in AIS patients. Methods: A secondary analysis was performed on a cohort study, involving 1906 AIS patients recruited from a South Korean academic hospital. Both univariate and multivariate logistic regression was employed to assess the connections between RAR and negative functional results in AIS. To explore potential non-linear relationships in this association, a generalized additive model (GAM) and smooth curve fitting were utilized. Further, a mediation analysis was performed to identify possible mediators. Results: Out of the 1906 eligible patients, 546 (28.65%) were found to have an unfavorable prognosis. Patients with elevated RAR had a higher likelihood of facing a negative prognosis in AIS (all P<0.001). RAR demonstrated a dose-response relationship with the probability of poor functional prognosis. When analysis of RAR as a continuous variable, an increase in RAR was correlated with a higher risk of adverse prognosis.When RAR was analyzed as quartile variables, the highest RAR remained an independent contributing factor for both 3-month unfavorable outcomes (adjusted OR, 1.4; 95% CI: 1.0-2.1, P=0.046) and 3-month mortality (adjusted OR, 5.2; 95% CI, 2.0-13.9; p<0.001). More interestingly, the presence of a pro-inflammatory state may serve as a mediator in the connections between RAR and adverse functional outcomes. Conclusion: Given its cost-effectiveness and ease of measurement, baseline RAR holds promise as a valuable biomarker for early risk assessment in AIS patients.

Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 contributed to reducing the prevalence of depression in Chinese adults - A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 vaccination has been reported to improve mental health. However, few relevant data were collected in China. The study aimed to evaluate the impact of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination on the risk of depression in China and risk factors contributing to depression. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study carried out from May 2020 to July 2021. Participants were widely recruited in China to participate in the survey using an online questionnaire including Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, Athens Insomnia Scale-8.After exclusion of 105 ineligible questionnaires, 9452 participants were included in our final analysis. Chi-square test and Multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to analyze data. RESULTS: Of the 9452 participants, 7207 were vaccinated. Our results showed that the prevalence of depression decreased significantly after vaccination (56.1 % for unvaccinated participants vs. 19.7 % for vaccinated participants). The prevalence of mild, moderate and severe depression was also significantly lower in the vaccinated participants than in the unvaccinated participants (14.8 % vs 29.0 %, 2.8 % vs 13.3 %, 2.0 % vs 13.8 %, respectively). Besides, among vaccinated participants, male and aged participants had a lower chance of developing depression (AOR = 1.34; AOR = 0.63; AOR = 0.5, respectively). In addition, although with vaccination, participants with anxiety and insomnia were more likely to suffer from depression (AOR = 29.2; AOR = 11.89). LIMITATIONS: The study was a cross-sectional survey. The numbers of participants differed much in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: The present study confirmed that SARS-CoV-2 vaccination contributed to reducing the prevalence of depression in Chinese adults. Moreover, vaccinated men and older adult participants had less prevalence of depression.

Modification of the Loop Region Near the Substrate Tunnel to Alter the Hydrolytic Process of Dextranase.

Dextranases are hydrolases that exclusively catalyze the disruption of α-1,6 glycosidic bonds. A series of variant enzymes were obtained by comparing the sequences of dextranases from different sources and introducing sequence substitutions. A correlation was found between the number of amino acids in the 397-401 region and the hydrolytic process. When there were no more than 5 amino acids in the 397-401 region, the enzyme first hydrolyzed the dextran T70 to a low molecular weight dextran with a molecular weight of about 5000, then IMOs1 appeared in the system if the degradation continued, showing a clear sequential relationship. And when there are more than 5 amino acids in the 397-401 region, IMOs were produced at the beginning of hydrolysis and continue to increase throughout the hydrolytic process. At the same time, we investigated the enzymatic properties of the variants and found that the hydrolytic rate of A-Ca was 11 times higher than that of the original enzyme. The proportion of IMOs produced by A-Ca was 80.68%, which was nearly10% higher than the original enzyme, providing a new enzyme for the industrial preparation of IMOs.

Application effect of diversified health-promoting models on rehabilitation exercises for cervical spondylotic myelopathy.

BACKGROUND: With improving living standards, the incidence of cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) has become increasingly high. OBJECTIVE: The study aims to explore the effect of diversified health-promoting models on rehabilitation exercises in patients with CSM after an operation. METHOD: This was a randomized controlled trial, wherein 107 patients with CSM treated by neurosurgery were selected as the subjects. Of those, 52 patients in the control group adopted the conventional health-promoting model, while the remaining 55 patients in the intervention group adopted diversified health-promoting models. The effect of rehabilitation exercises in the two groups was evaluated according to the self-efficacy rehabilitation outcome scale, grip strength measurement of the affected limb, and Barthel index. RESULTS: At Day 3 post-operation and before discharge, the self-efficacy management of rehabilitation exercises in the intervention group was better than that of the control group (P< 0.05). The grip strength measurement of the affected limb, Japanese Orthopedic Association score of the cervical vertebra, and Barthel index of the two groups at Day 3 post-operation were lower than before the intervention and were not statistically significant (P> 0.05). However, these three items before discharge were improved when compared with those of before intervention and were statistically significant (P< 0.05). CONCLUSION: Postoperative rehabilitation exercises guided by the diversified health-promoting models for patients with CSM can improve the patients' self-efficacy management ability in rehabilitation exercises, help improve grip strength, and promote the recovery of cervical vertebra function, thereby improving the patients' quality of life.

Clinical evaluation of enhanced recovery versus conventional care in the perioperative period for intradural extramedullary spinal tumors: a study protocol for a multicenter, randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: This randomized clinical trial protocol aimed to investigate the comparative efficacy of an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol versus traditional perioperative care programs in patients with intradural extramedullary spinal tumors. METHODS: The study included 180 patients aged 18-80 years, who were randomly assigned to two groups: Group A receiving traditional perioperative care and Group B receiving accelerated rehabilitation perioperative care. The nurse responsible for patient care was informed of the group assignment, but the patients themselves remained blinded to the intervention. The primary outcome measure was the Karnofsky Performance Scale score, which assessed functional status. The secondary outcomes included the Japanese Orthopedic Association Scale, Numeric Pain Rating Scale, length of postoperative hospital stay, duration of urethral catheterization, patient satisfaction questionnaire, and complication rates. Follow-up assessments were conducted telephonically 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after the surgery. DISCUSSION: This study protocol provided a structured approach to assess the potential benefits of ERAS during the perioperative period for patients with intradural extramedullary tumors, aiming to improve patient outcomes and overall care efficiency. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study has been registered with the China Clinical Trials Registry (Project No: ChiCTR2200063347). Registered on September 5 2022.

Risk Factors for Post-Stroke Depression Following the Lifting of COVID-19 Restrictions.

Purpose: Research on post-stroke depression (PSD) following the lifting of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) restrictions remains sparse. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with PSD after the easing of COVID-19 restriction measures. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 947 stroke patients (cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction) meeting the inclusion criteria. Participants completed a demographic questionnaire and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Additionally, data were collected on C-reactive protein (CRP), homocysteine (Hcy), modified Rankin Scale (mRS), stroke site, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and the Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) classification. This study assessed correlations between these indices and PSD. Results: Stroke patients with a PHQ-9 score ≥5 were identified as having PSD, with a prevalence rate of 14.15%. No significant correlation was found between previous COVID-19 infection and PSD. However, multiple regression analysis revealed associations between PSD and the following factors: TSH (OR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.76-1), CRP levels (OR: 1.01, 95% CI: 1-1.02), family history of stroke (OR: 4.25, 95% CI: 1.66-10.88), migraine history (OR: 8.63, 95% CI: 2.49-29.85), and shorter sleep duration (OR: 0.6, 95% CI: 0.51-0.71) (all P < 0.05). Conclusion: CRP, family history of stroke, migraine, sleep duration, and TSH are identified as independent risk factors for PSD following the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions.

Sliding ferroelectricity and the moiré effect in Janus bilayer MoSSe.

Two-dimensional van der Waals layered materials have attracted extensive attention in the field of low-dimensional ferroelectricity, on account of their readily delaminated structure and high-density information storage advantages. Here, we report the sliding ferroelectricity and moiré effects on the ferroelectricity in Janus bilayer MoSSe based on first-principles calculations. We focus on the changes of in-plane and out-of-plane polarizations due to sliding, and the calculations demonstrate that the in-plane and out-of-plane polarizations can be switched simultaneously by sliding. In addition, in moiré-twisted bilayer MoSSe, the complex stacking pattern and significant interlayer distance suppress the interlayer charge transfer, and the ferroelectric polarization is effectively suppressed. The polarization in the large-angle twisted structure is small but its direction can be adjusted by changing the twist angle. Our results emphasize the importance of low-dimensional ferroelectrics in van der Waals structures and pave a way for the search of sliding ferroelectric materials, as well as enriching the research on the ferroelectricity of large-angle twisted structures.

Case presentation of Campylobacter rectus leading to pneumonia and literature review.

Pneumonia caused by Campylobacter rectus is very rare. Herein, we describe the treatment course and experiences of a patient with pneumonia caused by Campylobacter rectus. A 64-year-old woman with intermittent hemoptysis and part lung necrosis indicated by radiography was admitted to our hospital on March 15, 2021. After admission, a CT (Computer tomography)-guided percutaneous lung biopsy was identified as Campylobacter rectus positive by bacterial culture and metagenomic sequencing. The hemoptysis resolved, and the lesions in the right lower lung were gradually absorbed after treatment with anti-Campylobacter rectus drugs. In cases of pneumonia which unresolved by initial therapy and associated with more severe oral hygiene problems, the possibility of infection with oral pathogens (eg, Campylobacter rectus) should be considered. This case suggests that bacterial culture and metagenomic sequencing of the diseased tissue, particularly anaerobic culture, helps to clarify the etiological diagnosis.