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1.
Emerg Infect Dis ; 30(3): 499-509, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38407176

RESUMO

We characterized the spatial distribution of drug-susceptible (DS) and multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) cases in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, a major metropolis in southeastern Asia, and explored demographic and socioeconomic factors associated with local TB burden. Hot spots of DS and MDR TB incidence were observed in the central parts of Ho Chi Minh City, and substantial heterogeneity was observed across wards. Positive spatial autocorrelation was observed for both DS TB and MDR TB. Ward-level TB incidence was associated with HIV prevalence and the male proportion of the population. No ward-level demographic and socioeconomic indicators were associated with MDR TB case count relative to total TB case count. Our findings might inform spatially targeted TB control strategies and provide insights for generating hypotheses about the nature of the relationship between DS and MDR TB in Ho Chi Minh City and the wider southeastern region of Asia.


Assuntos
Tuberculose Resistente a Múltiplos Medicamentos , Tuberculose , Masculino , Humanos , Vietnã/epidemiologia , Tuberculose Resistente a Múltiplos Medicamentos/epidemiologia , Ásia , Análise Espacial
2.
Hum Vaccin Immunother ; 18(6): 2110759, 2022 Nov 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36084311

RESUMO

Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) imposes a significant burden on the global community due to its high case fatality rate (4-20%) and the risk of long-term sequelae for one in five survivors. An expert group meeting was held to discuss the epidemiology of IMD and immunization policies in Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. Most of these countries do not include meningococcal immunization in their routine vaccination programs, except for high-risk groups such as immunocompromised people and pilgrims. It is difficult to estimate the epidemiology of IMD in the highly diverse Asia-Pacific region, but available evidence indicate serogroup B is increasingly dominant. Disease surveillance systems differ by country. IMD is not a notifiable disease in some of them. Without an adequate surveillance system in the region, the risk and the burden of IMD might well be underestimated. With the availability of new combined meningococcal vaccines and the World Health Organization roadmap to defeat bacterial meningitis by 2030, a better understanding of the epidemiology of IMD in the Asia-Pacific region is needed.


Assuntos
Infecções Meningocócicas , Vacinas Meningocócicas , Neisseria meningitidis , Humanos , Incidência , Infecções Meningocócicas/epidemiologia , Infecções Meningocócicas/prevenção & controle , Infecções Meningocócicas/microbiologia , Vacinação , Sorogrupo , Tailândia
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