RESUMO
Recent studies have shown that the aqueous, ethanolic extracts and a monomer compound of Paris polyphylla exhibit anticancer activity toward several types of cancer cell lines, but the anticancer activity of (3ß,17α,25R)-spirost-5-ene-3,17-diol 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 â 2)-ß-D-glucopyranoside, a monomer isolated from P. polyphylla (PP), named PP-22, has not been reported previously. In this study, we investigated the effect of PP-22 on human tongue squamous cell carcinoma SCC-15 cells in vitro. MTT assays showed that PP-22 inhibited the growth of SCC-15 cells and had no obvious inhibitory effects on human liver L02 cells. Flow cytometry assays showed that the percentages of apoptotic cells were increased. In addition, cleaved caspase-8, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) could be detected by Western blotting. Flow cytometry also showed that PP-22 triggered S and G2/M phases arrest in SCC-15 cells, and on the other hand, the expression of cyclin A, cyclin E2, cyclin B1, phospho-cell division cycle2 (p-cdc2)(Tyr15), p-Wee1, Myt1, and p53 was upregulated. Moreover, p-p38 levels increased, p-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) levels decreased, and cdc25B expression was inhibited. Furthermore, the p38/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor SB203580 reversed the increase of the expression level of p38, p-cdc2 (Tyr15), cleaved caspase 3, cleaved PARP, p-p53, and p53 and reversed the decrease in cdc25B expression. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that PP-22 activated p38, inhibited cdc25B, increased p-cdc2 (Tyr15), and triggered S and G2/M phase arrest, as well as activated p53 through the p38-p53 pathway, inhibited the MAPK/ERK pathway, activated the caspase 8/caspase 3 pathway, and triggered the extrinsic apoptotic pathway in SCC-15 cells.
Assuntos
Caspase 3/metabolismo , Caspase 8/metabolismo , Quinases Ciclina-Dependentes/metabolismo , Pontos de Checagem da Fase G2 do Ciclo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Pontos de Checagem da Fase S do Ciclo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Saponinas/farmacologia , Fosfatases cdc25/metabolismo , Proteínas Quinases p38 Ativadas por Mitógeno/metabolismo , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteína Quinase CDC2 , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/tratamento farmacológico , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Ciclina A1/biossíntese , Ciclina B1/biossíntese , Ciclinas/biossíntese , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/biossíntese , Humanos , Imidazóis/farmacologia , Melanthiaceae/metabolismo , Proteínas Nucleares , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Poli(ADP-Ribose) Polimerases/metabolismo , Proteínas Tirosina Quinases , Piridinas/farmacologia , Neoplasias da Língua/tratamento farmacológico , Fatores de Transcrição/biossíntese , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/biossíntese , Proteínas Quinases p38 Ativadas por Mitógeno/antagonistas & inibidoresRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Currently, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) has been widely used because of its capacity to evaluate the anatomic structures of the maxilla, mandible, and teeth in 3 dimensions. However, articles about the use of CBCT to evaluate the relationships between the morphology of individual teeth and torque expression remain rare. In this study, we aimed to determine the influence of labial crown morphologies and collum angles on torque for maxillary anterior teeth using CBCT. METHODS: A total of 206 extracted maxillary anterior teeth were selected to establish scanning models using dental wax, and they were scanned by CBCT. Three-dimensionally reconstructed images and median sagittal sections of the teeth were digitized and analyzed with AutoCAD software (Autodesk, San Rafael, Calif). The angle α, formed by the intersection of the tangent at a certain vertical height on the labial surface from the incisal edge with the crown long axis, and the collum angle, were measured. RESULTS: The variations in angle α at different heights from the incisal edge for the same type of tooth were statistically significantly different (P <0.001). Moreover, the variations between collum angles and 0° for any type of maxillary anterior tooth were statistically significant (P <0.01). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggested that there are great differences in labial crown morphologies and collum angles for maxillary anterior teeth between persons, indicating that the morphologies of these teeth do play important roles in torque variations.
Assuntos
Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico/métodos , Incisivo/diagnóstico por imagem , Coroa do Dente/diagnóstico por imagem , Dente Canino/diagnóstico por imagem , Dente Canino/fisiologia , Humanos , Incisivo/fisiologia , Maxila/diagnóstico por imagem , TorqueRESUMO
Intestinal macrophages play crucial roles in both intestinal inflammation and immune homeostasis. They can adopt two distinct phenotypes, primarily determined by environmental cues. These phenotypes encompass the classically activated pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype, as well as the alternatively activated anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. In regular conditions, intestinal macrophages serve to shield the gut from inflammatory harm. However, when a combination of genetic and environmental elements influences the polarization of these macrophages, it can result in an M1/M2 macrophage activation imbalance, subsequently leading to a loss of control over intestinal inflammation. This shift transforms normal inflammatory responses into pathological damage within the intestines. In patients with ulcerative colitis-associated colorectal cancer (UC-CRC), disorders related to intestinal inflammation are closely correlated with an imbalance in the polarization of intestinal M1/M2 macrophages. Therefore, reinstating the equilibrium in M1/M2 macrophage polarization could potentially serve as an effective approach to the prevention and treatment of UC-CRC. This paper aims to scrutinize the clinical evidence regarding Chinese medicine (CM) in the treatment of UC-CRC, the pivotal role of macrophage polarization in UC-CRC pathogenesis, and the potential mechanisms through which CM regulates macrophage polarization to address UC-CRC. Our objective is to offer fresh perspectives for clinical application, fundamental research, and pharmaceutical advancement in UC-CRC.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Associadas a Colite , Progressão da Doença , Macrófagos , Humanos , Macrófagos/patologia , Neoplasias Associadas a Colite/patologia , Neoplasias Associadas a Colite/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Animais , Colite Ulcerativa/patologia , Colite Ulcerativa/tratamento farmacológico , Colite Ulcerativa/complicaçõesRESUMO
Objective To explore the changes in the functional connectivity of the brain networks of individuals in different emotional states based on electroencephalogram(EEG)signals and quantitatively analyze the differential changes in the properties of the functional brain networks with global graph theory metrics.Methods The EEG signals of the calm state(enrolled into a calm state group)and the stress state(into a stress state group)were extracted from the Database for Emotion Analysis Using Physiological Signals(DEAP),and were divided into 4 frequency bands including a Theta band([4,8)Hz),an Alpha band([8,13)Hz),a Beta band([13,31)Hz)and a Gamma band([31,45)Hz),and the phase locking value(PLV)of each band was calculated to get a PLV brain network matrix,and then the topological structure of the attributes of the PLV network matrix was investigated with three kinds of global attributes of graph theory including the small-world attribute,clustering coefficient and characteristic path length.Comparison analyses were carried out on the functional connectivity of the brain networks and the global attributes of graph theory of the 2 groups of emotional states.SPSS 25.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results Comparison of the functional connectivity between the 2 groups of emotional states showed statistically significant differences in connectivity between different brain regions in the 4 frequency bands(P<0.05).The stress state group had the small-world attribute weakened at the Gamma band while the clustering coefficients and characteristic path lengths at the Alpha,Beta and Gamma bands increased obviously(P<0.05)when compared with the calm state group;the stress state group and the calm state group had no statistical differences in the global attributes of graph theory at the Theta band(P>0.05).Conclusion Different emotional states of individuals proves to be significantly characte-rized in terms of brain functional connectivity.Three global attributes of graph theory including the small-world attribute,clustering coefficient and characteristic path length can be used as the key feature parameters for the recognition of emotional states.References are provided for the diagnosis and treatment of emotional state-and affection-related brain functional dis-orders.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2023,44(11):9-14]