RESUMO
Polyphosphoinositides (PPIns) are a family of seven lipid messengers that regulate a vast array of signalling pathways to control cell proliferation, migration, survival and differentiation. PPIns are differentially present in various sub-cellular compartments and, through the recruitment and regulation of specific proteins, are key regulators of compartment identity and function. Phosphoinositides and the enzymes that synthesise and degrade them are also present in the nuclear membrane and in nuclear membraneless compartments such as nuclear speckles. Here we discuss how PPIns in the nucleus are modulated in response to external cues and how they function to control downstream signalling. Finally we suggest a role for nuclear PPIns in liquid phase separations that are involved in the formation of membraneless compartments within the nucleus.
Assuntos
Núcleo Celular/metabolismo , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos , Fosfatidilinositóis/metabolismo , Animais , Fenômenos Químicos , Biologia Computacional , Humanos , Espaço Intranuclear/metabolismo , Redes e Vias Metabólicas , Membrana Nuclear/metabolismo , Fosfatidilinositol 4,5-Difosfato/química , Fosfatidilinositol 4,5-Difosfato/metabolismo , Fosfatidilinositóis/química , Transdução de SinaisRESUMO
Children with multiple handicaps often require the services of a team of professionals to ensure that they receive a comprehensive assessment. It is essential that the information derived from this assessment is conveyed accurately to the child's parents in language that they understand. It is also important that a member of the assessment team is made responsible for seeing that the recommendations made for the child's future are actually carried out. On hundred and twenty-nine children referred for assessment of developmental delay were found to have multiple intellectual, physical and social problems needing a team approach to their assessment, and the mobilization of a variety of community resources to provide their ongoing care.