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BACKGROUND: Aberrant DNA methylation is prevalent in colorectal serrated lesions. We previously reported that the CpG island of SMOC1 is frequently methylated in traditional serrated adenomas (TSAs) and colorectal cancers (CRCs) but is rarely methylated in sessile serrated lesions (SSLs). In the present study, we aimed to further characterize the expression of SMOC1 in early colorectal lesions. METHODS: SMOC1 expression was analyzed immunohistochemically in a series of colorectal tumors (n = 199) and adjacent normal colonic tissues (n = 112). RESULTS: SMOC1 was abundantly expressed in normal colon and SSLs while it was significantly downregulated in TSAs, advanced adenomas and cancers. Mean immunohistochemistry scores were as follows: normal colon, 24.2; hyperplastic polyp (HP), 18.9; SSL, 23.8; SSL with dysplasia (SSLD)/SSL with early invasive cancer (EIC), 15.8; TSA, 5.4; TSA with high grade dysplasia (HGD)/EIC, 4.7; non-advanced adenoma, 21.4; advanced adenoma, 11.9; EIC, 10.9. Higher levels SMOC1 expression correlated positively with proximal colon locations and flat tumoral morphology, reflecting its abundant expression in SSLs. Among TSAs that contained both flat and protruding components, levels of SMOC1 expression were significantly lower in the protruding components. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that reduced expression of SMOC1 is associated with progression of TSAs and conventional adenomas and that SMOC1 expression may be a biomarker for diagnosis of serrated lesions and risk prediction in colorectal tumors.
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Adenoma , Pólipos do Colo , Neoplasias Colorretais , Humanos , Adenoma/genética , Adenoma/patologia , Pólipos do Colo/patologia , Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Regulação para Baixo , Hiperplasia , Osteonectina , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas B-raf/genéticaRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIM: The tumor microenvironment plays an essential role in the development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). We recently reported that crosstalk between CRC cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) via serum amyloid A1 (SAA1) promotes invasion by T1 CRCs. In the present study, we aimed to clarify the role of neutrophils in early CRCs. METHODS: Immunohistochemical analysis of CD66b, chemokine CXC motif ligand 8 (CXCL8 or interleukin-8, IL-8) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) was performed using primary T1 CRCs (n = 49). The HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cell line and THP-1 human monocytic leukemia cell line were used to obtain neutrophil-like and macrophage-like cells, respectively. Boyden chamber assays were used to analyze cell migration and invasion, and quantitative RT-PCR was used to analyze gene expression. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical analysis revealed accumulation of neutrophils at the SAA1-positive invasive front of T1 CRCs. Experiments using HL-60 cells suggested that treatment with SAA1 induced neutrophil migration and expression of CXCL8 and MMP-9 in neutrophils and that neutrophils promote CRC cell migration and invasion. Immunohistochemistry confirmed accumulation of CXCL8- or MMP-9-positive neutrophils at the SAA1-positive invasive front of T1 CRCs. Moreover, co-culture experiments using CRC, THP-1 and HL-60 cells suggested that CRC cells activated by macrophages upregulate CXCL8 and MMP-9 in neutrophils. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that interplay between macrophages and CRC cells leads to recruitment of neutrophils to the invasive front of T1 CRCs and that SAA1 secreted by CRC cells activate neutrophils to promote invasion.
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Neoplasias Colorretais , Leucemia , Humanos , Neutrófilos/patologia , Metaloproteinase 9 da Matriz/metabolismo , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Leucemia/metabolismo , Leucemia/patologia , Microambiente TumoralRESUMO
Submucosal invasion and lymph node metastasis are important issues affecting treatment options for early colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we aimed to unravel the molecular mechanism underlying the invasiveness of early CRCs. We performed RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) with poorly differentiated components (PORs) and their normal counterparts isolated from T1 CRC tissues and detected significant upregulation of serum amyloid A1 (SAA1) in PORs. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that SAA1 was specifically expressed in PORs at the invasive front of T1b CRCs. Upregulation of SAA1 in CRC cells promoted cell migration and invasion. Coculture experiments using CRC cell lines and THP-1 cells suggested that interleukin 1ß (IL-1ß) produced by macrophages induces SAA1 expression in CRC cells. Induction of SAA1 and promotion of CRC cell migration and invasion by macrophages were inhibited by blocking IL-1ß. These findings were supported by immunohistochemical analysis of primary T1 CRCs showing accumulation of M1-like/M2-like macrophages at SAA1-positive invasive front regions. Moreover, SAA1 produced by CRC cells stimulated upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in macrophages. Our data suggest that tumor-associated macrophages at the invasive front of early CRCs promote cancer cell migration and invasion through induction of SAA1 and that SAA1 may be a predictive biomarker and a useful therapeutic target.
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Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Interleucina-1beta/metabolismo , Proteína Amiloide A Sérica/metabolismo , Macrófagos Associados a Tumor/fisiologia , Idoso , Sequência de Bases , Movimento Celular , Técnicas de Cocultura , Neoplasias Colorretais/metabolismo , Feminino , Humanos , Interleucina-1beta/antagonistas & inibidores , Masculino , Metaloproteinase 9 da Matriz/metabolismo , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Invasividade Neoplásica , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Células THP-1 , Macrófagos Associados a Tumor/metabolismo , Regulação para CimaRESUMO
Tumor angiogenesis is an important therapeutic target in colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to identify novel genes associated with angiogenesis in CRC. Using RNA sequencing analysis in normal and tumor endothelial cells (TECs) isolated from primary CRC tissues, we detected frequent upregulation of adipocyte enhancer-binding protein 1 (AEBP1) in TECs. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that AEBP1 is upregulated in TECs and stromal cells in CRC tissues. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed that there is little or no AEBP1 expression in CRC cell lines, but that AEBP1 is well expressed in vascular endothelial cells. Levels of AEBP1 expression in Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were upregulated by tumor conditioned medium derived from CRC cells or by direct coculture with CRC cells. Knockdown of AEBP1 suppressed proliferation, migration, and in vitro tube formation by HUVECs. In xenograft experiments, AEBP1 knockdown suppressed tumorigenesis and microvessel formation. Depletion of AEBP1 in HUVECs downregulated a series of genes associated with angiogenesis or endothelial function, including aquaporin 1 (AQP1) and periostin (POSTN), suggesting that AEBP1 might promote angiogenesis through regulation of those genes. These results suggest that upregulation of AEBP1 contributes to tumor angiogenesis in CRC, which makes AEBP1 a potentially useful therapeutic target.
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Carboxipeptidases/metabolismo , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Células Endoteliais/metabolismo , Neovascularização Patológica/genética , Proteínas Repressoras/metabolismo , Animais , Carboxipeptidases/genética , Movimento Celular , Proliferação de Células , Células Cultivadas , Neoplasias Colorretais/irrigação sanguínea , Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Meios de Cultivo Condicionados/metabolismo , Células Endoteliais/patologia , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Células Endoteliais da Veia Umbilical Humana/metabolismo , Células Endoteliais da Veia Umbilical Humana/patologia , Humanos , Camundongos , Proteínas Repressoras/genética , Células Estromais/metabolismo , Células Estromais/patologia , Regulação para CimaRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) is a potent mitogen and is inhibited by IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP3). High serum IGF1 and low IGFBP3 are associated with increased risk of several carcinomas. Here, we assessed the relationship of these peptides with the risk of gastrointestinal malignancies, in a prospective case-control study nested in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. METHODS: The analysis involved 916 cases who had been diagnosed as gastrointestinal malignancies (C15-25) and 2306 controls. To estimate odds ratios for incidence of malignancies associated with these levels, a conditional logistic model was used. RESULTS: Both higher total and free IGFBP3 were associated with a decreased risk of tumor (P for trend < 0.001 and = 0.003, respectively). People in the second to fifth quintiles had lower risk compared to the first quintile (odds ratios ranged 0.532-0.650 and 0.582-0.725, respectively). After adjustment for IGF1, body mass index, drinking, and smoking, total IGFBP3 was inversely correlated with cancer risk (P for trend = 0.031). After adjustment, free IGFBP3 was inversely associated with the risk (P for trend = 0.007). Although total IGF1 was inversely correlated with tumor risk, it was not after controlling for IGFBP3 (P for trend = 0.007 and 0.589, respectively). Free IGF1 was not associated with the risk (P for trend = 0.361). Limiting subjects to those followed for over 3 years reinforced the inverted relationships of total and free IGFBP3 with risk for tumors (P for trend = 0.005 and 0.008, respectively). CONCLUSION: Both total and free IGFBP3 may be inversely associated with the incidence of gastrointestinal malignancies.
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Biomarcadores Tumorais/sangue , Neoplasias Gastrointestinais/sangue , Proteína 3 de Ligação a Fator de Crescimento Semelhante à Insulina/sangue , Adulto , Idoso , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Seguimentos , Neoplasias Gastrointestinais/epidemiologia , Humanos , Incidência , Fator de Crescimento Insulin-Like I/metabolismo , Japão/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Razão de Chances , Medição de Risco/métodos , Fatores de Risco , Fatores SexuaisRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The prognosis of gastric cancer has gradually improved as treatments have evolved. However, curative treatments might be difficult when gastric cancer is detected in the elderly or individuals with multiple comorbidities. This study investigated the prognosis of elderly patients with gastric cancer who received best supportive care (BSC). METHODS: This single-center observational study retrospectively reviewed medical records from elderly patients (>65 years-old) diagnosed with gastric cancer between 2014 and 2019 who received BSC. RESULTS: Data were obtained from 39 patients with a median age of 90 years. Median follow-up period was 207 days. Median survival time for all causes was 508 days for stage 0, 1026 days for stage I, 319 days for stage II, 317 days for stage III, and 43 days for stage IV. Median survival time for cancer-specific deaths was 1987 days for stage 0, 1280 days for stage I, 331 days for stage II, 371 days for stage III, and 43 days for stage IV. Univariate analyses identified 'stage' and performance status as risk factors for both overall and cancer-specific mortality. In multivariate analyses, 'stage' was an independent risk factor predicting overall mortality (HR=3.71, 95%CI=1.73-7.98, P < 0.001) and both 'stage' and performance status were independent risk factors predicting cancer-specific mortality (HR=4.06 and 8.95, 95%CI=1.13-14.51 and 3.00-26.67, P = 0.031 and P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION: This result will help clarify the natural history of elderly patients with gastric cancer and provide useful information when choosing treatments in the future.
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BACKGROUND: Soluble Fas (sFas) plays various roles in carcinogenesis and tumor dissemination by preventing apoptosis via binding to Fas ligand. We analyzed associations of serum sFas levels with the incidence of liver cancer in a prospective case-control study nested in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. METHODS: A baseline survey was conducted from 1988, with blood samples obtained from 39,242 subjects. Patients diagnosed with liver cancer were regarded as cases. Two or three controls were selected and matched for sex, age, and geographic area. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate ORs for cancer incidence associated with sFas. RESULTS: This study contained 86 cases and 249 controls. After controlling for alcohol intake, body mass index, smoking, and hepatitis viral infection, participants with high sFas showed elevated risk of cancer (Ptrend = 0.003) and the third tertile of sFas showed a higher risk compared with the first tertile [OR, 3.53; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.28-9.69]. In hepatocellular carcinoma, high sFas was associated with elevated risk (Ptrend < 0.001). In men and the elderly, subjects in the highest tertiles showed higher cancer risk. Limiting subjects to those followed for 3 years, high sFas was related to liver cancer risk (Ptrend = 0.033) and the third tertile showed a higher risk compared with the first (OR, 2.94; 95% CI, 0.94-9.14). CONCLUSIONS: High serum sFas may be related to future risk of liver cancer. IMPACT: Our findings highlight this biomarker for further analysis in pooled investigations with different/larger prospective cohorts.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Hepáticas , Masculino , Humanos , Idoso , Estudos de Coortes , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Incidência , Neoplasias Hepáticas/epidemiologia , BiomarcadoresRESUMO
Heyde's syndrome is a disease in which patients with aortic stenosis (AS) bleed from angiodysplasia. An 80-year-old woman with a history of severe AS was referred to our hospital with melena and anemia. The patient underwent jejunal resection after repeated blood transfusions. A pathological examination revealed angiodysplasia, and the patient's plasma lacked high-molecular-weight von Willebrand factor (VWF) multimers, leading to the diagnosis of Heyde's syndrome. The patient underwent transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) one year after the diagnosis, and the VWF index recovered. This is a valuable case in which the pathological analysis of angiodysplasia associated with Heyde's syndrome was possible.
Assuntos
Angiodisplasia , Estenose da Valva Aórtica , Doenças do Colo , Substituição da Valva Aórtica Transcateter , Doenças de von Willebrand , Feminino , Humanos , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Fator de von Willebrand , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/diagnóstico , Estenose da Valva Aórtica/complicações , Estenose da Valva Aórtica/cirurgia , Substituição da Valva Aórtica Transcateter/efeitos adversos , Doenças do Colo/complicações , Angiodisplasia/complicações , Angiodisplasia/diagnóstico , Doenças de von Willebrand/complicações , Doenças de von Willebrand/diagnósticoRESUMO
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play pivotal roles in tumor development. To identify dysregulated lncRNAs in gastric cancer (GC), we analyzed genome-wide trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me3) to screen for transcriptionally active lncRNA genes in the non-tumorous gastric mucosa of patients with GC and healthy individuals. We found that H3K4me3 at TM4SF1-AS1 was specifically upregulated in GC patients and that the expression of TM4SF1-AS1 was significantly elevated in primary and cultured GC cells. TM4SF1-AS1 contributes to GC cell growth in vitro and in vivo, and its oncogenic function is mediated, at least in part, through interactions with purine-rich element-binding protein α (Pur-α) and Y-box binding protein 1 (YB-1). TM4SF1-AS1 also activates interferon signaling in GC cells, which is dependent on Pur-α and RIG-I. Chromatin isolation by RNA purification (ChIRP)-mass spectrometry demonstrated that TM4SF1-AS1 was associated with several stress granule (SG)-related proteins, including G3BP2, RACK1, and DDX3. Notably, TM4SF1-AS1 promoted SG formation and inhibited apoptosis in GC cells by sequestering RACK1, an activator of the stress-responsive MAPK pathway, within SGs. TM4SF1-AS1-induced SG formation and apoptosis inhibition are dependent on Pur-α and YB-1. These findings suggested that TM4SF1-AS1 contributes to tumorigenesis by enhancing SG-mediated stress adaptation.
Assuntos
MicroRNAs , RNA Longo não Codificante , Neoplasias Gástricas , Humanos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , RNA Longo não Codificante/genética , Grânulos de Estresse , Apoptose/genética , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Proliferação de Células/genética , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , MicroRNAs/genética , Antígenos de Superfície , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismoRESUMO
We previously showed that upregulation of adipocyte enhancer-binding protein 1 (AEBP1) in vascular endothelial cells promotes tumor angiogenesis. In the present study, we aimed to clarify the role of stromal AEBP1/ACLP expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Immunohistochemical analysis showed that ACLP is abundantly expressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in primary OSCC tissues and that upregulated expression of ACLP is associated with disease progression. Analysis using CAFs obtained from surgically resected OSCCs showed that the expression of AEBP1/ACLP in CAFs is upregulated by co-culture with OSCC cells or treatment with TGF-ß1, suggesting cancer-cell-derived TGF-ß1 induces AEBP1/ACLP in CAFs. Collagen gel contraction assays showed that ACLP contributes to the activation of CAFs. In addition, CAF-derived ACLP promotes migration, invasion, and in vivo tumor formation by OSCC cells. Notably, tumor stromal ACLP expression correlated positively with collagen expression and correlated inversely with CD8+ T cell infiltration into primary OSCC tumors. Boyden chamber assays suggested that ACLP in CAFs may attenuate CD8+ T cell migration. Our results suggest that stromal ACLP contributes to the development of OSCCs, and that ACLP is a potential therapeutic target.
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A 64-year-old man complained of pain in his left humerus. A histopathological examination of biopsy specimens taken from the lesion revealed a hepatocellular carcinoma. No primary hepatic lesion was revealed in a subsequent examination performed at this time. Enhanced computed tomography examination of the abdomen 14 months later, showed a nodular lesion, approximately 15 mm in diameter, therefore a partial hepatectomy was performed. The lesion was histopathologically diagnosed as a moderately-poorly differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma. The inability to identify the primary hepatocellular carcinoma is quite rare, and the present case may be the first report of the discovery of the primary hepatocellular cancer after the diagnosis of a secondary lesion.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Ósseas/secundário , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Biópsia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
An 86-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with anemia. She had never experienced symptoms of serositis. Colonoscopy revealed colitis with erosions and a friable mucosa. First, she was diagnosed with unclassified inflammatory bowel disease (IBD-U). We suspected familial Mediterranean fever as a differential diagnosis of IBD-U, and MEFV gene analysis showed heterozygosity for Exon2 R202Q. The patient was treated with colchicine 0.5 mg. After 4 months, a follow-up colonoscopy showed remarkable improvement of the mucosal inflammation throughout the entire colon. MEFV gene-associated enterocolitis responding to colchicine may be observed in patients with IBD-U and elucidating the role of MEFV gene mutations in intestinal inflammation is a future challenge.
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Enterocolite , Febre Familiar do Mediterrâneo , Pirina , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Colchicina/uso terapêutico , Febre Familiar do Mediterrâneo/complicações , Febre Familiar do Mediterrâneo/diagnóstico , Febre Familiar do Mediterrâneo/tratamento farmacológico , Feminino , Humanos , Japão , Mutação , Pirina/genéticaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)2 is a potent mitogen. To elucidate the relationship between IGF2 and risk of tumorigenesis, we analyzed associations between serum levels of IGF2 and incidence of liver cancer in a prospective case-control study nested in the Japan Collaborative Cohort study. METHODS: A baseline survey was conducted from 1988 using blood samples from 39,242 subjects. Those who had been diagnosed with liver cancer by 1997 were regarded as cases. For each case, we randomly selected two or three controls matched for sex, age, and residential area. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate ORs for cancer incidence associated with IGF2. RESULTS: This analysis included 86 cases and 294 controls. Low IGF2 was associated with risk of future liver cancer (P trend <0.001). After controlling for alcohol intake, body mass index, smoking, hepatitis viral infection, IGF1, and IGF-binding protein-3, participants with low IGF2 displayed a higher risk of liver cancer (P trend < 0.001). Individuals in quintiles 2 to 5 showed lower risk compared with quintile 1 (OR range, 0.05-0.16). In both sexes and in both nonelderly and elderly groups, subjects in the lowest quintiles showed higher risks of liver cancer. Limiting subjects to those followed for 3 years, low IGF2 was associated with cancer risk (P trend < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that low serum IGF2 level, especially below 460 ng/mL, is related to future risk of liver cancer. IMPACT: Our findings highlight this important biomarker for further analysis in large prospective cohorts and pooled investigation with other cohorts.
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Fator de Crescimento Insulin-Like I/análise , Neoplasias Hepáticas/epidemiologia , Idoso , Biomarcadores Tumorais/sangue , Carcinogênese/metabolismo , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
We report a rare case of undifferentiated-type intramucosal gastric cancer that occurred in the fornix of the stomach without Helicobacter pylori infection, which consisted mainly of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. A 49-year-old man visited our hospital for a follow-up endoscopic examination of a small depressed lesion of the gastric fornix detected by surveillance esophagogastroduodenoscopy. On magnifying endoscopy with blue laser imaging, the depressed lesion (approximately 10 mm in diameter) was regarded as undifferentiated-type early gastric cancer that proved to be a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma by histological examination of biopsied specimens. The cancerous lesion was successfully treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection and microscopically showed an intramucosal cancer that invaded the whole mucosal layer with predominant growth of a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma component. The patient status was verified as Helicobacter pylori-naïve according to the strict diagnostic criteria, thereby confirming this case as an undifferentiated-type Helicobacter pylori-uninfected gastric cancer. Helicobacter pylori-uninfected intramucosal poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma occurring in the gastric fornix has not been previously reported.
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma , Infecções por Helicobacter , Helicobacter pylori , Neoplasias Gástricas , Adenocarcinoma/cirurgia , Mucosa Gástrica , Infecções por Helicobacter/complicações , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Gástricas/cirurgiaRESUMO
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 is a potent mitogen, but IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-3 inhibits IGF1. To elucidate the relationship between both IGF1 and IGFBP and the risk of tumorigenesis, the association between IGF1 and IGFBP3 serum levels and of malignant tumor incidence was investigated in a prospective case-control study nested in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. A baseline survey was started in 1988-1990, 110,585 subjects were enrolled, and 35% of participants donated blood samples. Those who had been diagnosed with malignant tumors by 1997 were considered cases. The analysis involved 1,349 cases and 4,012 controls. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate ORs for cancer incidence associated with IGF-related molecules. After controlling for alcohol intake, body mass index (BMI), and smoking, participants with high total-IGFBP3 and free-IGFBP3, which is estimated by the molar difference of (IGFBP3 - IGF1), had a risk of future neoplasms (P trend = 0.014 and 0.009, respectively), but those with IGF1 did not. People in the second to fifth quintiles had a lower risk than those in the first quintile (ORs 0.676-0.736 and 0.657-0.870, respectively). Limiting subjects to those followed for 3 years weakened the negative associations of total- and free-IGFBP3, whereas a positive relationship of free-IGF1, which was estimated by the molar ratio of IGF1/IGFBP3, was seen (P trend = 0.004, 0.002, and 0.013, respectively). After controlling for alcohol intake, smoking, BMI, and diabetes mellitus, the results were confirmed. These findings suggest that serum IGF1 and IGFBP3 are related to future risk of malignant neoplasms.
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Biomarcadores Tumorais/sangue , Proteína 3 de Ligação a Fator de Crescimento Semelhante à Insulina/sangue , Fator de Crescimento Insulin-Like I/análise , Neoplasias/epidemiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Incidência , Japão/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias/sangue , Prognóstico , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Background/Aims: Fundic gland polyps (FGPs), hyperplastic polyps (HPs), and xanthomas (XTs) are common benign gastric lesions that can be diagnosed by endoscopic appearance alone in most cases. The aim of this study was to evaluate associations between gastric cancer and these benign lesions. Methods: Two expert endoscopists reviewed a series of gastroscopy images. FGPs, HPs, and XTs were diagnosed by endoscopic appearance, whereas all gastric cancers were confirmed pathologically. Results: Of the 1,227 patients reviewed, 114 (9.3%) had a concurrent or past history of gastric cancer. The overall prevalences of FGPs, HPs and XTs were 9.4%, 6.3% and 14.2%, respectively. HPs and XTs coexisted in 1.6% of patients, whereas other combinations were rarer. XTs were observed in 39.3% and 11.5% of patients with and without gastric cancer, respectively (p<0.001). In contrast, no gastric cancer patients had FGPs, whereas 10.4% of patients without cancer had FGPs (p<0.001). The prevalence of HPs was similar between the two groups (8.8% and 6.0% of patients with and without cancer, respectively, p=0.29). Multivariate and Mantel-Haenszel analyses demonstrated that XTs were positively associated and FGPs were negatively associated with gastric cancer. Conclusions: XTs and FGPs might be useful as endoscopic risk indicators for monitoring gastric cancer.
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Gastroscopia , Pólipos/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Gástricas/epidemiologia , Xantomatose/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Fundo Gástrico/patologia , Gastrite Atrófica/epidemiologia , Gastrite Atrófica/patologia , Infecções por Helicobacter/epidemiologia , Humanos , Hiperplasia , Japão/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Pólipos/patologia , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Gastropatias/epidemiologia , Gastropatias/patologia , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Xantomatose/patologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
A 62-year-old man with a chief complaint of dysphagia visited our hospital. Enhanced computed tomography showed the tumor near the duodenal wall and lymphadenopathy in the left supraclavicular fossa and para-aortic lymph node. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed an ulcer accompanied with a fistula in the anterior wall of duodenal bulb, suggesting that the tumor penetrated into duodenal wall. Biopsy from the lymph node in the left supraclavicular fossa indicated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Although chemotherapy was planned, massive arterial bleeding occurred from the part of duodenal penetration. Endoscopic hemostasis was unsuccessfully performed. Therefore, we performed transcathether arterial embolization for hemostasis. After the procedure, the patient received six cycles of chemotherapy, and he achieved complete response. He has been alive 5 years without recurrence. There were many cases of gastrointestinal bleeding from primary gastrointestinal lymphomas, while there were few cases with nodal involvement by malignant lymphoma resulting in bleeding from gastrointestinal tract. We herein report a case of duodenal bleeding by nodal involvement of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with review of literature.
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Neoplasias Duodenais/complicações , Neoplasias Duodenais/patologia , Úlcera Duodenal/etiologia , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/etiologia , Linfonodos/patologia , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/complicações , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/patologia , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Duodenais/tratamento farmacológico , Úlcera Duodenal/terapia , Embolização Terapêutica/métodos , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/terapia , Humanos , Metástase Linfática , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
The aim of this study is to elucidate the differences of the clinicopathological characteristics between acute gastrointestinal (GI)-graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and infectious colitis (IC) after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Of the 282 patients who underwent HSCT at our institution between January 1991 and December 2015, we could investigate 182 patients in detail. Of the 182 patients, we selected those who underwent colonoscopy and were diagnosed with acute GI-GVHD or IC after HSCT. Patients' backgrounds, colonoscopic findings, and pathological findings were retrospectively analyzed. There were 30 patients who had colonoscopy performed and diagnosed with acute GI-GVHD or IC after HSCT. Of the 30 patients, 20 had acute GI-GVHD and 10 had IC. All the cases of acute GI-GVHD were diagnosed by endoscopic biopsy and 4 of the IC patients had Clostridium difficile associated colitis. In the IC group, the period from the transplantation up to diagnosis was significantly shorter than acute GI-GVHD group (10.0 days vs. 43.2 days, p = 0.03). In the acute GI-GVHD group, tortoiseshell-like mucosal patterns were significantly more common than the IC group (70% vs. 0%, p < 0.001). Furthermore, there were some cases presenting normal mucosal appearance despite the diagnosis with acute GI-GVHD by pathological findings. Clinically, we should consider IC when abdominal symptoms appeared in the early period after HSCT. Endoscopically, tortoiseshell-like mucosal pattern was a characteristic feature of acute GI-GVHD. In addition, it is essential to perform mucosal biopsy for diagnose of acute GI-GVHD even in patients showing the normal mucosal appearance.