Missed games, financial losses, and characteristics of eye injuries in the National Basketball Association during the 2010-2011 to 2017-2018 seasons.

PURPOSE: The purpose is to report financial loss, demographic metrics, and mechanisms of injury associated with eye injuries in the National Basketball Association (NBA) from the 2010-2011 to 2017-2018 seasons. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of eye injuries in the NBA from the 2010-2011 to 2017-2018 seasons using publicly available information from Basketball Reference and the Pro Sports Transactions websites. Only injuries of the eye and adnexa that caused players to miss games in the regular season and playoffs were included in the study. Financial loss was calculated based on the regular season salary of the players and normalized for inflation with 2018 as the base year. RESULTS: There were 30 eye injuries causing a total of 106 missed games and $7,486,770 in financial losses across eight seasons. Linear regressions showed a moderately positive increase in eye injuries (Pearson's r = 0.68, P = 0.07, and 0.79 injuries per year/1000 game-days increase) and financial losses (Pearson's r = 0.67, P = 0.07, and $185.75 increase per year/1000 game-days) over time. There were significantly more games missed due to orbital fractures than games missed due to contusions/lacerations (11.5 vs. 2.8 missed games, P = 0.01). CONCLUSION: We demonstrate an increasing trend of eye injuries in the NBA, resulting in increased financial loss. Injuries may be varied in type and affect the number of games missed.

Nipple Reconstruction Using the C-V Flap Technique: Long-Term Outcomes and Patient Satisfaction.

BACKGROUND: Nipple creation using the C-V flap technique is often the final step in breast reconstruction. The aim of this study was to subjectively and objectively assess the cosmetic outcomes and satisfaction of patients undergoing C-V flap nipple reconstruction. METHODS: Subjective assessments of patient satisfaction with the neo-nipple were recorded by visual analogue scoring (VAS; 0-10). Objective measurements were performed using a calliper to measure nipple projection relative to the native breast. Descriptive data analysis was performed with differences in projection assessed with the Mann-Whitney test and mean and median VAS scores (with inter-quartile ranges; IQR) calculated to describe satisfaction. RESULTS: Thirty-three C-V flap nipple reconstructions were performed. 87.9% received latissimus dorsi (LD) reconstructions with implants and 12.1% had transverse rectus abdominis muscle (TRAM) reconstructions. The median projection of reconstructed nipples was 4.7 mm (range 4-10.2 mm) at 4.6 years mean follow-up, which was not significantly different from the contralateral nipple (p = 0.34). Patient satisfaction was 9 (IQR: 8-10) with shape, 9 (IQR: 7.5-10) with projection, 5 (IQR: 2-9.6) with sensation, and 8.5 (IQR: 6-9.5) with symmetry. Median overall satisfaction was 9 (IQR: 8-10). Three patients had complete nipple loss, of whom two had undergone nipple piercing post procedure and none had received radiotherapy. CONCLUSION: C-V flap nipple reconstructions provide a simple and reliable method to reconstruct the nipple that enhances confidence and perception of body image. Satisfaction was high with long-term outcomes in terms of projection equivalent to the contralateral breast.

Bilateral femoral fractures in a 21-year-old man following a simple fall.

We present a case of a 21-year-old man with hip pain to the orthopaedic team. During the initial assessment he was found to be hypercalcaemic (adjusted calcium 3.55) due to the primary hyperparathoidism (PTH 1285), with all other screening for multiple endocrine neoplasia negative. During his time on the ward while being treated for the hypercalcaemia he had a fall resulting in bilateral femoral fractures, requiring surgical management. He underwent an emergency exploration of neck and excision of a large parathyroid adenoma, measuring 5.5 cm. He also developed renal failure as a result of nephrocalcinosis. This case highlights the importance of early detection and management of hyperparathyroidism with the aim of preventing long-term complications. This patient ultimately required a renal transplant and multiple orthopaedic procedures as a result of undiagnosed PTH and recently underwent excision of the remaining parathyroid glands.