RESUMO
The Challenge on Liver Ultrasound Tracking (CLUST) was held in conjunction with the MICCAI 2014 conference to enable direct comparison of tracking methods for this application. This paper reports the outcome of this challenge, including setup, methods, results and experiences. The database included 54 2D and 3D sequences of the liver of healthy volunteers and tumor patients under free breathing. Participants had to provide the tracking results of 90% of the data (test set) for pre-defined point-landmarks (healthy volunteers) or for tumor segmentations (patient data). In this paper we compare the best six methods which participated in the challenge. Quantitative evaluation was performed by the organizers with respect to manual annotations. Results of all methods showed a mean tracking error ranging between 1.4 mm and 2.1 mm for 2D points, and between 2.6 mm and 4.6 mm for 3D points. Fusing all automatic results by considering the median tracking results, improved the mean error to 1.2 mm (2D) and 2.5 mm (3D). For all methods, the performance is still not comparable to human inter-rater variability, with a mean tracking error of 0.5-0.6 mm (2D) and 1.2-1.8 mm (3D). The segmentation task was fulfilled only by one participant, resulting in a Dice coefficient ranging from 76.7% to 92.3%. The CLUST database continues to be available and the online leader-board will be updated as an ongoing challenge.
Assuntos
Benchmarking , Bases de Dados Factuais/normas , Imageamento Tridimensional/normas , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Fígado/diagnóstico por imagem , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/normas , Ultrassonografia/normas , Algoritmos , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Congressos como Assunto , Humanos , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , RespiraçãoRESUMO
Pituitary carcinomas are defined by their disconnected mode of extension, i.e. by the existence of intra- or extra-cerebral metastases. Since an invasive growth in the sella and its neighboring regions can also be noted in many pituitary adenomas, this invasion cannot be counted as a criterion for malignancy. Almost all pituitary carcinomas stem from previously operated or irradiated invasive adenomas. Like adenomas, they are classified with regard to the presumable cell of origin and the hormone which was produced contingently. Together with 67 pituitary carcinomas already published, three own cases are subject to a critical, summarizing judgement.
Assuntos
Adenoma/patologia , Carcinoma/patologia , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/patologia , Prolactinoma/patologia , Adenoma/classificação , Hormônio Adrenocorticotrópico/biossíntese , Adulto , Idoso , Carcinoma/classificação , Carcinoma/secundário , Criança , Síndrome de Cushing/patologia , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Síndrome de Nelson/patologia , Invasividade Neoplásica , Metástase Neoplásica/patologia , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/classificação , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/metabolismo , Prolactina/biossínteseRESUMO
Hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans (Flegel's disease) is a rare but clinically and histologically highly characteristic genodermatosis. We report on new immunohistochemical and ultrastructural findings suggesting a complex disorder of epidermal differentiation. In this context, a good response to calcipotriol, a synthetic vitamin D3 derivative is of particular interest.
Assuntos
Calcitriol/análogos & derivados , Fármacos Dermatológicos/administração & dosagem , Hiperceratose Epidermolítica/tratamento farmacológico , Idoso , Calcitriol/administração & dosagem , Epiderme/patologia , Humanos , Hiperceratose Epidermolítica/genética , Hiperceratose Epidermolítica/patologia , Masculino , Microscopia Eletrônica , Pele/patologia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Blood glucose responses to test meals containing 75 g of different breads were compared in 103 type II diabetic patients under sulfonyl urea treatment. Nine breads differing in type of cereal, physical structure, and dietary fiber content were studied using pairwise intraindividual comparisons. It could be shown that the type of cereal and the fiber content had no significant influence upon the maximal or mean postprandial blood glucose increase. Coarse-grained breads, however, resulted in significantly lower blood glucose responses than breads that were finer grained or were produced from flour. Physical properties determining the access of intestinal hydrolytic enzymes to ingested carbohydrates seem to be major factors that influence postprandial blood glucose responses.
Assuntos
Glicemia/metabolismo , Pão , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangue , Carboidratos da Dieta/metabolismo , Adulto , Idoso , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/dietoterapia , Dieta para Diabéticos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Slowly resorbable carbohydrates are preferred in the dietetic therapy of patients with type 2 diabetes. In this study we compared the efficacy of a "müsli" with the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor miglitol in delaying the resorption of carbohydrates. 24 patients with NIDDM took, in randomized order, four different breakfasts with equal amounts of carbohydrate: a standard breakfast with bread and marmelade, a müsli, and both breakfasts with 100 mg miglitol. We calculated the maximal blood glucose concentration, the postprandial difference, the time of the maximum and the area under the curve (AUC). The postprandial blood glucose increase after the müsli breakfast was significantly lower compared with the standard breakfast (maximal blood glucose 12.3 vs. 13.9 mmol/l, postprandial difference 3.6 vs. 5.1 mml/l, AUC 360 vs, 468 mmol/l x min). The blood glucose increase after the standard breakfast with miglitol was even lower (maximum 11.6 mmol/l, postprandial difference 2.9 mmol/l, AUC 241 mmol/l x min). Miglitol also lowered the blood glucose values after the müsli breakfast. This study shows that the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor miglitol in a dose of 100 mg is more effective in lowering the postprandial blood glucose increase than a müsli. In cases of non-acceptance of a modern diet with slowly resorbable carbohydrates, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors may be a therapeutic alternative.
Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/dietoterapia , Carboidratos da Dieta/metabolismo , Absorção Intestinal/efeitos dos fármacos , 1-Desoxinojirimicina/análogos & derivados , Adulto , Idoso , Glicemia/análise , Dieta para Diabéticos , Fibras na Dieta/farmacologia , Glucosamina/análogos & derivados , Glucosamina/farmacologia , Inibidores de Glicosídeo Hidrolases , Humanos , Imino Piranoses , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
In the present work, we studied clinical and haemodynamic correlates of impaired cardiac high-energy phosphate metabolism in patients with heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Myocardial 31P-magnetic resonance (MR) spectra were obtained at 1.5 T in 14 volunteers and 23 patients with DCM (mean ejection fraction 34%) in order to quantify the creatine phosphate (CP)/ATP ratio. In addition, patients underwent cardiac catheterization and echocardiography. Compared to volunteers (2.02 +/- 0.11), CP/ATP ratios were significantly reduced in DCM patients (1.54 +/- 0.10; P < 0.05), indicating impaired high-energy phosphate metabolism. CP/ATP ratios correlated with the clinical severity of heart failure estimated from the NYHA class (r = 0.47, P < 0.01); also, CP/ATP correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction (r = 0.54, P < 0.01) and left ventricular end-diastolic wall thickness (r = 0.51, P < 0.01). Thus, 31P-MR spectroscopy can detect abnormal cardiac high-energy phosphate metabolism in patients with heart failure due to DCM. These abnormalities correlate with clinical and haemodynamic parameters. Future studies will have to determine whether 31P-MR spectroscopy can contribute to the routine clinical evaluation of patients with heart failure.
Assuntos
Cardiomiopatia Dilatada/fisiopatologia , Metabolismo Energético/fisiologia , Insuficiência Cardíaca/fisiopatologia , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Trifosfato de Adenosina/metabolismo , Adulto , Cardiomiopatia Dilatada/diagnóstico , Feminino , Insuficiência Cardíaca/diagnóstico , Hemodinâmica/fisiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Miocárdio/metabolismo , Fosfocreatina/metabolismo , Valores de Referência , Função Ventricular Esquerda/fisiologiaRESUMO
Primary endocrine neoplasms of the biliary tract are exceedingly rare. We report on a 60-year-old man with diarrhea, vomiting and gastroesophageal reflux disease, with a primary gastrinoma of the common hepatic duct. The tumor was positive for a variety of immunohistochemical markers. Postoperatively the patient's symptoms disappeared and in the follow-up the patient was symptom free. To our knowledge, this is the first case in the literature of a primary gastrinoma in the common hepatic duct. The fact that the common hepatic duct is not located within the gastrinoma triangle made the diagnosis difficult and the distinct localization made the surgical treatment demanding.