[Primary and secondary prevention of cancer in women: How can awareness be improved? A literature review]. / Prévention primaire et secondaire des cancers féminins : comment améliorer la sensibilisation des femmes ? Une revue de la littérature.

BACKGROUND: Cancer in women is a major public health concern especially since primary and secondary prevention can reduce mortality. Institutional interventions could play an important role by working directly with healthcare providers. Thus, the objective of this literature review is to draw up an inventory of the interventions proposed to promote the prevention of breast and cervical cancer and to analyze their feasibility or applicability in the French institutional context. METHODS: The literature review was conducted on Cairn, Cochrane, PubMed and ScienceDirect databases with relevant keywords. RESULTS: Forty articles were selected. Interventions focusing on breast and cervical cancer have been quite similar. The format is usually a written document presenting a personalized letter inviting the recipient to participate in a screening program. Paper or call reminders are pivotal tools. Educational groups involving a few sessions, as well as individual education, are particularly important to increase women's knowledge about lesser known prevention behaviors (ex. breast self-examination). CONCLUSION: This work points out concrete ways to establish relevant actions for secondary prevention of cancer in women. A personalized approach (ex., sending personalized letters) appears to be a relevant lever to incite women to participate.

The effects of options on performance of an art project in adults with mental disabilities.

The relationships among the presence of options, interest, preference, choice, meaning, purpose, and performance in occupation are central to occupational therapy knowledge. This study examined whether giving adults with mental disabilities options at the beginning of an art occupation would motivate them to paint more than when not given options. The sample consisted of 13 men and 9 women; ages ranged from 24 to 76. The subjects were yoked in pairs. One subject from each pair was given a choice of which of five ceramic objects to paint. The second subject was instructed to paint the same type of object that the first subject had chosen. Three days to 1 week later, roles were reversed. The number of times the subject applied the paint to the object after dipping the brush into paint was recorded by the researcher. Each subject was also timed with a stopwatch from the first time paint was applied to the time the subject indicated completion of the activity. The Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test revealed that subjects painted significantly more (Z = 2.9, p < .01) when they had a choice than when they did not have a choice.