Predicting drought stress under climate change in the Southern Central Highlands of Vietnam.

In the Southern Central Highlands of Vietnam, droughts occur more frequently, causing significant damage and impacting the region's socio-economic development. During the dry season, rivers, streams, and reservoirs often face limited water availability, exacerbated in recent years by increasing drought severity. Recognizing the escalating severity of droughts, the study offers a novel contribution by conducting a comprehensive analysis of surface water resource distribution in Lam Dong province, focusing on assessing water demand for agricultural production, a crucial factor in ensuring sustainable crop growth. Two scenarios, Current-2020 (SC1) and Climate Change-2025 (SC2), are simulated, with SC2 based on climate change and sea level rise scenarios provided by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE). These scenarios are integrated into the MIKE-NAM and MIKE-HYDRO basin models, allowing for a thorough assessment of the water balance of Lam Dong province. Furthermore, the study utilizes the Keetch-Byram Drought Index (KBDI) to measure drought severity, revealing prevalent dry and moderately droughty conditions in highland districts with rainfall frequency ranging from 50 to 85%. Severe drought conditions occur with a rainfall frequency of 95%, indicating an increased frequency and geographic scope of severe droughts. Additionally, the study highlights that under abnormally dry conditions, water demand for the winter-spring crop is consistently met at 100%, decreasing to 85%, 80%, and less than 75% for moderate, severe, and extreme droughts, respectively. These findings offer insights into future drought conditions in the Lam Dong province and their potential impact on irrigation capacity, crucial for adaptation strategies.

Some observations on clinical and paraclinical characteristics of malformation of cerebral vessel in children

In Bach Mai Hospital from May 1998 to June 2002, 23 children aged 10-15 (15 girls and 8 boys) with malformation of brain vessel were diagnosed definitely. Most of under 11-year-old children have swelling vessel, 30.4% of above 11-year-old children have AVM malformation - 52.1%. The main manifestations of brain vessel malformation are hemorrhage of brain lobe 65.2%, subarachroid hemorrhage 39.1%, brain ischemia 30.4%, epilepxy or epileptic conditions 21.7%, head pain of migraine type 17.4%. Unilateral palsy of III nerve is specific sign for diagnosis of swelling of prosterior communicating artery with a rate of 8.7%. Dysphasia is temporary, while the visual dysfunction is more persistent

Some remarks on clinical and CT scan features of cerebral infarction

At the Department of Neurology, Bach Mai Hospital, 11 cases of cerebral infarction were studied in the first 6 months of the year 2002. All 11 patients underwent CT scanning, blood examination, EEG, X-ray examination of heart and lung. Results showed that cerebral infarction can be diagnosed definitely, especially it can be differentiated with cerebral haemorrhage, etc … to develop a possibility of intensive and effective management of cerebral infarction. CT radiography permits an efficacy monitoring of the treatment processus

Some remarks on reversible ischemic neurologic deficit

The study carried on 30 patients diagnosed reversible ischemic neurologic deficit (RIND) at Bach Mai Hospital Nervous deparment from 2000 January. Result: The indicende of male was higher than female (67% vs 33%). 70% were 45 to 59 years of age. Two major reasons were internal carotid artery stenosis 60%, heart diseases e.g mitral stenosis and insufficiency, artrial fibrillation 27%, the cause of unknown 13%. The clinical symptoms of RIND were: hemiplegia 100%, hemisensory loss, dysphasia or aphasia. RIND can make cerebral infarction, so need to detect early and treat timely to advoid stroke and cerebral infarction

Malformation of cerebral artery (diagnosis and treatment)

23 patients with diagnosed malformation of cerebral artery treated at Bach Mai Hospital from May 2000 to April 2002, were admitted because of complications of subarachnoid, or epileptic state, or of localized signs of nerves such as unilateral paralysis of III nerve. All patients were undergone basic examination such as angiography, uremia, glucemia, electroencelograme. 16/23 patients undergone CT scan, 19/23 encephalomyelo puncture, 100% encephaloarterigraphy and 16/23 operation. Internal therapy in acute stage is very important, contibuting to the results of an operation

Some clinical observations on ventricle hemorrhage

37 patients (20 male, 17 female) treated in Bach Mai Hospital from May 2000 to March 2002 with definite diagnosis of ventricle hemorrhage. All they were undergone a CT scanning for detecting the blood in brain ventricle by various level and various images. In 19/37 patients by puncture encephalomyelo liquid was examined, in 1 patient there is an artery - venous communicans determined by arrterioangiography. Initial symptoms such as headache, nausea/vomit, conciousness disturbance, hemi-paralytis, seizure, fever, urine retention, uncontrolled urination, eyelid collapsure, dizziness and perspiration. An early diagnosis and proper treatment can decrease the mortality and the disability

Clinical characteristics and risk factors of cerebral lacunar infarction

60 subjects with brain lacunar infarction and 60 with other brain (no lacunar) infarction aged 20-67 were investigated in Bach Mai Hospital from Jan 2001 to Jun 2002. The proportion of brain lacunar infarction vs other brain infarction was 38% in the same duration. 5 main syndromes of lacunar infarction were 98%, other syndromes 2%. There is no difference in age and gender of both groups. Risk of complications of brain lacunar infarction raised by 8,9 times in comparing with high blood pressure, 6,5 times with smoking, 2,3 times with diabetes