RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To study the applicability of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) in early predicting the prognosis of poststroke dysphagia in an acute ward. METHODS: This is an observational retrospective cohort study including adult patients with ischemic stroke. Patients with various factors affecting swallowing were excluded to obtain a representative sample of 165 patients. The main outcome measure was the improvements of oral intake function. RESULTS: The scores of facial palsy (NIHSS item 4) (odds ratio [OR]: 0.484, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.279-0.838, P = .0096] and language/aphasia (NIHSS item 9) (OR: 0.562, 95% CI: 0.321-0.982, P = .0430) demonstrated significantly negative effects on the early improvement of dysphagia. Moreover, the improved patients had a 4.14-fold (95% CI: 2.53-11.23, P = .005) increased odds of returning home compared with nonimproved patients. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide evidence that early improvement of poststroke dysphagia was significantly associated with a favorable discharge destination and NIHSS items of facial palsy and language/aphasia can be used at the onset of stroke to identify dysphagic patients at risk of achieving limited improvement. These findings provide valuable prognostic indicators for clinicians to make a precise outcome prediction at very early stage.
Assuntos
Isquemia Encefálica/diagnóstico , Transtornos de Deglutição/diagnóstico , Deglutição , Avaliação da Deficiência , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/diagnóstico , Idoso , Afasia/diagnóstico , Afasia/etiologia , Afasia/fisiopatologia , Isquemia Encefálica/complicações , Isquemia Encefálica/fisiopatologia , Isquemia Encefálica/reabilitação , Transtornos de Deglutição/etiologia , Transtornos de Deglutição/fisiopatologia , Transtornos de Deglutição/reabilitação , Paralisia Facial/diagnóstico , Paralisia Facial/etiologia , Paralisia Facial/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Estudos Retrospectivos , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/complicações , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/fisiopatologia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/terapia , Reabilitação do Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Stroke rehabilitation focuses on alleviating post-stroke disability. Post-acute care (PAC) offers an intensive rehabilitative program as transitional care following acute stroke. A novel home-based PAC program has been initiated in Taiwan since 2019. Our study aimed to compare the current inpatient PAC model with a novel home-based PAC model in cost-effectiveness and functional recovery for stroke patients in Taiwan. One hundred ninety-seven stroke patients eligible for the PAC program were divided into two different health interventional groups. One received rehabilitation during hospitalization, and the other received rehabilitation by therapists at home. To evaluate the health economics, we assessed the total medical expenditure on rehabilitation using the health system of Taiwan national health insurance and performed cost-effectiveness analyses using improvements of daily activity in stroke patients based on the Barthel index (BI). Total rehabilitative duration and functional recovery were also documented. The total rehabilitative cost was cheaper in the home-based PAC group (p < 0.001), and the cost-effectiveness is USD 152.474 ± USD 164.661 in the inpatient group, and USD 48.184 ± USD 35.018 in the home group (p < 0.001). Lesser rehabilitative hours per 1-point increase of BI score was noted in the home-PAC group with similar improvements in daily activities, life quality and nutrition in both groups. Home-based PAC is more cost-effective than inpatient PAC for stroke rehabilitation.