RESUMO
The ethanol extracts from the roots of Angelica pubescens Maxim. f. biserrata Shan et Yuan was toxic against the pine wood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. The ethyl acetate-soluble fraction derived from this extract increased its potency with a mortality of 95.25% in 72 hr at 1.0 mg/mL. Four nematotoxic coumarins were obtained from the ethyl acetate extract by bioassay-guided isolation. These were identified as osthole 1, columbianadin 2, bergapten 3 and xanthotoxin 4 by mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectral data analysis. The LC50 values against B. xylophilus in 72 hr were 489.17, 406.74, 430.08, and 435.66 µM, respectively. These compounds also altered the smooth morphology of the B. xylophilus exoskeleton to a rough and pitted appearance as visualized by electron microscopy. The coumarins 1-4 possessed significant acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities but had negligible effects on amylase and cellulase. This research provides additional clues to the nematotoxic mechanism of coumarins against the pine wood nematode B. xylophilus. This work will assist in the development of coumarin nematicides with enhanced activity using molecular modifications of the core coumarin structure.The ethanol extracts from the roots of Angelica pubescens Maxim. f. biserrata Shan et Yuan was toxic against the pine wood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. The ethyl acetate-soluble fraction derived from this extract increased its potency with a mortality of 95.25% in 72 hr at 1.0 mg/mL. Four nematotoxic coumarins were obtained from the ethyl acetate extract by bioassay-guided isolation. These were identified as osthole 1, columbianadin 2, bergapten 3 and xanthotoxin 4 by mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectral data analysis. The LC50 values against B. xylophilus in 72 hr were 489.17, 406.74, 430.08, and 435.66 µM, respectively. These compounds also altered the smooth morphology of the B. xylophilus exoskeleton to a rough and pitted appearance as visualized by electron microscopy. The coumarins 1-4 possessed significant acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities but had negligible effects on amylase and cellulase. This research provides additional clues to the nematotoxic mechanism of coumarins against the pine wood nematode B. xylophilus. This work will assist in the development of coumarin nematicides with enhanced activity using molecular modifications of the core coumarin structure.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents from Embelia laeta. METHODS: The constituents from the EtOAc fraction of ethanol extract of Embelia laeta were separated and purified by column chromatography with silica gel and polyamide. The compounds were identified by their physiochemical proerties and spectral data. RESULTS: Eleven compounds were isolated and identified as p-sitosterol (1), beta-daucosterel (2), gallic acid (3), vanillic acid (4), rutin (5), hyperin (6), quercetin (7), kaemperol ( 8), chrysoeriol (9), physcion(10) and apigenin-7-O-glucoside(ll). CONCLUSION: Compounds 5-11 are isolated from this genus for the first time.
Assuntos
Embelia/química , Flavonas/química , Plantas Medicinais/química , Quercetina/análogos & derivados , Emodina/análogos & derivados , Emodina/química , Emodina/isolamento & purificação , Etanol/química , Flavonas/isolamento & purificação , Quercetina/química , Quercetina/isolamento & purificação , Espectrofotometria UltravioletaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents of n-butyl alcohol extract in the roots of Actinidia deliciosa in Guangxi. METHOD: The constituents were separated with various chromatographic techniques and their structures were elucidated by means of physicochemical properties and the analysis of their spectral data. RESULT: Six compounds were isolated and identified as eriantic acid B (1), 2alpha, 3beta, 24-trihydroxyursa-12-en-28-oic acid (2), 2alpha, 3alpha, 24-trihydroxyursa-12-en-28-oic acid (3), 2alpha, 3alpha, 23-tri-hydroxyursa-12, 20 (30)-dien-28-oic acid (4), 2alpha, 3alpha, 24-trihydroxyursa-12, 20 (30)-dien-28-oic acid (5), n-butyl-O-beta-D-fruto-pyranoside (6). CONCLUSION: Compounds 1-4, 6 were obtained from this plant for the first time. Compound 6 was obtained from the genus Actinidia for the first time.
Assuntos
1-Butanol/química , Actinidia/química , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/análise , Raízes de Plantas/química , China , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Espectrometria de MassasRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine the active fraction with anticancer effect in vivo from Nervilia fordii. METHODS: The effective petroleum ether extract and ethyl acetate extract parts preliminary were selected in vitro, then anticancer experiments in vivo were done by S180-mice and H22-mice models. RESULTS: Petroleum ether extract and ethyl acetate extract parts both had obvious anticancer effects to S180-mice and H22-mice, and could prolong H22-mice life. Meanwhile, they could improve the immunoloregulation of mice. CONCLUSION: It is the first time that the petroleum ether extract and ethyl acetate extract of Nervilia foadii are proved to be the effective anticancer fractions in vivo. On this basis, the further studies are needed on active principles or principle group with anticancer effect and the characteristics of this effect in Nervilia foadii.
Assuntos
Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Hepáticas Experimentais/tratamento farmacológico , Orchidaceae/química , Sarcoma 180/tratamento farmacológico , Acetatos , Alcanos , Animais , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/uso terapêutico , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/química , Feminino , Neoplasias Hepáticas Experimentais/imunologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas Experimentais/patologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Tamanho do Órgão/efeitos dos fármacos , Fitoterapia , Plantas Medicinais/química , Sarcoma 180/imunologia , Sarcoma 180/patologia , Baço/efeitos dos fármacos , Baço/patologia , Timo/efeitos dos fármacos , Timo/patologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents of the ethyl acetate portion in the herb of Nervilia fordii from guangxi. METHODS: The constituents were separated and purified by using column chromatography with silica gel. These compounds were identified by their physical and spectral data. RESULTS: Five compounds were isolated and identified as norleucine (crystal I), 24 (S/beta)-dihydrocycloeucalenol-(E)-p-hydroxy cinnamate (crystal II) , rhamnocitrin (crystal III), rhamnazin (crystal IV), daucosterol (crystal V). CONCLUSION: Compounds I , II, III, IV, V were isolated from this plant for the first time.