Lack of Association between Inadequate Micronutrient Intake and Prognosis in Outpatients with Heart Failure.

Inadequate nutrient intake can lead to worse outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF). This prospective cohort study aimed to assess the prevalence of inadequate micronutrient intake and their association with prognosis in 121 adult and elderly outpatients with HF. Habitual micronutrient intake was evaluated using 24-h dietary recalls (minimum 2 and maximum 6). Participants were grouped into moderate (n = 67) and high (n = 54) micronutrient deficiency groups, according to the individual assessment of each micronutrient intake. Patients' sociodemographic, clinical, and anthropometric data and clinical outcomes (hospitalization and mortality) within 24 months were collected. Overall and event-free survival rates were calculated using Kaplan-Meier estimates, and curves were compared using the log-rank test. The death risk rate (hazard ratio (HR)) was calculated using Cox's univariate model. The rate of inadequate intake was 100% for vitamins B1 and D and above 80% for vitamins B2, B9, and E, calcium, magnesium, and copper. No differences in overall survival and event-free survival were observed between groups of HF outpatients with moderate and high micronutrient deficiencies (HR = 0.94 (CI = 0.36-2.48), p = 0.91, and HR = 1.63 (CI = 0.68-3.92), p = 0.26, respectively), as well as when the inadequacy of each micronutrient intake was evaluated alone (all p > 0.05). In conclusion, a high prevalence of inadequate micronutrient intake was observed in outpatients with HF. Inadequate micronutrient intake was not associated with hospitalization and mortality in this group of patients.

Vitamin D status and predictors of 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in patients with heart failure living in a sunny region / Estado de la vitamina D y predictores de los niveles de 25-hidroxivitamina D en pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca residentes en una región soleada

AIMS: hypovitaminosis D has frequently been identified in patients with heart failure (HF). However, few studies have been conducted in regions with high solar incidence. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate vitamin D status and predictors of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels in patients with HF living in a sunny region (5 °- 6 °S). METHODS: this cross-sectional study enrolled 70 patients with HF. Biodemographic, clinical, biochemical, dietary, and sun exposure data were collected, and 25(OH)D levels were measured. RESULTS: the mean 25(OH)D level was 40.1 (12.4) ng/mL, and 24.3 % (95 % CI: 14.2-33.8) of patients with HF had hypovitaminosis D (25(OH) D < 30 ng/mL). Female patients (p = 0.001), those with ischemic etiology (p = 0.03) and those with high parathyroid hormone levels (> 67 pg/mL) (p = 0.034) were more likely to present hypovitaminosis D. Higher 25(OH)D levels were observed in men than in women (β = 7.78, p = 0.005) and in patients with HF in New York Heart Association (NHYA) functional class I when compared to those in class III/IV (β = 8.23, p = 0.032). CONCLUSIONS: the majority of patients with HF had sufficient 25(OH)D levels. Sex and functional classification were identified as independent predictors of 25(OH)D levels. These results highlight the need for increased monitoring of vitamin D status among female patients with heart failure and those with more severe symptoms

OBJETIVOS: la hipovitaminosis D se ha identificado con frecuencia en pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca (IC). Sin embargo, pocos estudios se han realizado en regiones con una alta exposición solar. Por lo tanto, este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el estado de la vitamina D y los predictores de los niveles de 25-hidroxivitamina D (25(OH)D) en pacientes con IC que viven en una región soleada (5 °-6 °S). MÉTODOS: este estudio transversal incluyó a 70 pacientes con IC. Se recopilaron datos biodemográficos, clínicos, bioquímicos, dietéticos y de exposición solar, y se midieron los niveles de 25(OH)D. RESULTADOS: el nivel medio de 25(OH)D fue de 40,1 (12,4) ng/mL y el 24,3 % (IC 95 %: 14,2-33,8) de los pacientes con IC tenían hipovitaminosis D (25(OH)D < 30 ng/mL. Las pacientes mujeres (p = 0,001), aquellos con IC de etiología isquémica (p = 0,03) y aquellos otros pacientes con niveles altos de hormona paratiroidea (> 67 pg/mL) (p = 0,034) tenían más probabilidades de presentar hipovitaminosis D. Se observaron niveles más altos de 25(OH)D en los hombres que en las mujeres (β = 7,78, p = 0,005), y en los pacientes con IC de clase funcional I de la New York Heart Association (NHYA) que en los de clase III/IV (β = 8,23, p = 0,032). CONCLUSIONES: la mayoría de los pacientes con IC tenían niveles suficientes de 25(OH)D. El sexo y la clasificación funcional se identificaron como predictores independientes de los niveles de 25(OH)D. Estos resultados destacan la necesidad de un mayor control del estado de la vitamina D entre las mujeres con insuficiencia cardíaca y los pacientes con síntomas más graves

Procedimento operacional padrão na assistência nutricional ao paciente com covid 19: relato de experiência / Standard operational procedure in nutritional assistance to patients with covid 19: experience report / Procedimiento operativo estándar en asistencia nutricional a pacientes con covid 19: informe de experiência

Introdução:Vivencia-se na atualidade uma pandemia causada pelo novo Coronavírus,o qual é transmitido por meio de gotículas de saliva, espirro e tosse, fazendo-se necessário mudanças na assistência ao paciente. Objetivo:Descrever a experiência com a construção de um Procedimento Operacional Padrão para assistência nutricional em pacientes acometidos pelo Coronavírus. Metodologia:Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência,vivenciado pela equipe de residentes multiprofissionais em nutrição do Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes,da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Resultados:Baseado nas recomendações da Organização Mundial de Saúde e do Conselho Federal de Nutrição e, com a participação dos profissionais do serviço, foi construído o referido procedimento que descreve as boas práticas na triagem, avaliação e conduta nutricional. Conclusão:A implantação e implementação do POP oportunizou a interação de conhecimentos e novas condutas assistenciais, mesmo diante das limitações estruturais, de equipamentos de proteção individual e de medidas de contingenciamento implementadas no serviço (AU).

Introduction:We are currently experiencing a pandemic caused by the new Coronavirus, which is transmitted through droplets of saliva, sneezing and coughing, making changes in patient care necessary. Objective:To describe the experience with the construction of a Standard Operating Procedure for nutritional assistance in patients affected by the Coronavirus. Methodology:This is a descriptive study, an experience report, experienced by the team of multiprofessional residents in nutrition at the Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. Results:Based on the recommendations of the World Health Organization and the Federal Nutrition Council and, with the participation of service professionals, the referred procedure was developed, which describes good practices in screening, assessment and nutritional conduct. Conclusion: The implementation and implementation of SOP provided an opportunity for the interaction of knowledge and new care behaviors, even in the face of structural limitations, personal protective equipment and contingency measures implemented in the service (AU).

Introducción:Actualmenteestamos experimentando una pandemia causada por el nuevo Coronavirus, que se transmite a través de gotas de saliva, estornudos y tos, lo que hace que sea necesario realizar cambios en la atención del paciente. Objetivo:Describir la experiencia con la construcción de un Procedimiento Operativo Estándar para asistencia nutricional en pacientes afectados por el Coronavirus. Metodología:Este es un estudio descriptivo, un informe de experiencia, experimentado por el equipo de residentes multiprofesionales en nutrición del Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, de la Universidad Federal de Río Grande del Norte. Resultados:Basado en las recomendaciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud y el Consejo Federal de Nutrición y, con la participación de profesionales de servicio, se desarrolló el procedimiento referido, que describe buenas prácticas en la detección, evaluación y conducta nutricional. Conclusión:La implementación e implementación de SOP brindó una oportunidad para la interacción del conocimiento y los nuevos comportamientos de atención, incluso frente a limitaciones estructurales, equipos de protección individual y medidas de contingencia implementadas en el servicio (AU).

Acuracy and concordance of anthropometric indicators and body composition in heart failure / Precisão e concordância de indicadores antropométricos e composição corporal na insuficiência cardíaca

Background: Anabolic/catabolic disorder in heart failure (HF) favors cardiac cachexia, implying a reduction in HF survival. Objectives: To assess the accuracy and concordance of the diagnosis of protein malnutrition and excess fat among the anthropometric and body composition methods in individuals with HF. Method: A study of accuracy that included 60 individuals with HF. Body mass index (BMI), arm circumference (AC), triceps skinfold thickness (TST), adductor pollicis muscle thickness (APMT), arm muscle circumference (AMC) and corrected arm muscle area (cAMA). Fat free mass index (FFMI) and body fat percentage (BF%), obtained by electrical bioimpedance (EBI), were used to compare the diagnosis of protein malnutrition and excess fat. Accuracy was assessed by calculating sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value. The concordance of the EBI diagnosis and other methods was performed by the chi-square test and kappa (k) statistic, where p<0.05 was considered significant.Results: Higher frequencies of protein malnutrition were identified by cAMA and AMC, and excess fat by BF%. BMI presented low sensitivity (43%) and accuracy (38.5%), with moderate concordance (0.50). AMC sensitivity was 86%, accuracy 66.4%, and acceptable concordance (0.36) compared to FFMI. Similar percentages of moderate sensitivity and low accuracy were observed for TST and BMI.Conclusion: AMC may be useful to identify protein malnutrition and TST has not been adequate to diagnose adiposity. BMI was not sensitive to assess muscle and adipose reserve. EBI was more accurate