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1.
Artigo em Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30129736

RESUMO

Objective: To determine the prevalence and subtypes of Blastocystis in pet dogs in Anhui and Zhejiang Provinces. Methods: Pet dog fecal samples were collected from veterinary clinics in Baohe District of Hefei City, Xuanzhou District of Xuancheng City, Fengyang County and Mingguang City of Chuzhou City, Longzihu District of Bengbu City, Si County of Suzhou City in Anhui Province, as well as in Yuhang District of Hangzhou City in Zhejiang Province from April to December, 2013. Blastocystis was detected by microscopic examination as well as nested PCR and single-step PCR based on small subunit ribosomal DNA sequences. The PCR products were sequenced, and Blastocystis subtypes were assigned. Results: A total of 315 pet dog fecal samples were collected. The incidence of Blastocystis infection determined by microscopic examination, nested PCR and single-step PCR was 1.3%(4/315), 1.9%(6/315) and 1.9%(6/315), respectively. In addition, the two PCR methods both revealed Blastocystis infection only in Chuzhou City(3.4%, 1/29) and Hefei City(5.6%, 4/72). The pet dogs in Chuzhou City carried ST1 and ST2 subtypes while those in Hefei carried only ST1. There was no significant difference in infection rate between adult and young dogs and between male and female dogs. Conclusion: Blastocystis infection exists in pet dogs in Chuzhou City and Hefei City.


Assuntos
Infecções por Blastocystis/veterinária , Blastocystis , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Doenças do Cão , Cães , Fezes , Feminino , Masculino , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Prevalência
2.
Artigo em Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26672220

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of Neospora caninum infection in the intestine of pet dogs in areas of Anhui and Zhejiang. METHODS: A total of 315 fecal samples from pet dogs were collected in pet clinics from April to December 2013 in Baohe District in Hefei city, Xuanzhou District in Xuancheng city, Fengyang County in Chuzhou city, Longzihu District in Bengbu city, and Si County in Suzhou City in Anhui Province, as well as in Yuhang District in Hangzhou city of Zhejiang province. All samples underwent nested-PCR targeting Neospora-specific gene NCLI-004830. The results were further confirmed by PCR amplification of N. caninum ITS1 followed by sequence analysis. RESULTS: The rate of N. caninum infection in the 315 samples was 1.59% (5/315). The infection rate in Chuzhou and Bengbu was 3.37% and 6.45%, respectively, and no N. caninum infection was found in the remaining areas. There was no association between the infection rate and the sex or age of the dogs. CONCLUSION: N. caninum infection is prevalent in pet dogs in Chuzhou and Bengbu of Anhui.


Assuntos
Coccidiose , Neospora , Animais , China , Doenças do Cão , Cães , Fezes , Intestinos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Prevalência
3.
Artigo em Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26931042

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium species infection in pet dogs, and identify the G. lamblia assemblages and Cryptosporidium species. METHODS: A total of 315 fresh fecal samples were collected from pet clinics in five counties of Anhui Province and in Hangzhou of Zhejiang Province. Hemi-nested-PCR targeting the GDH gene of G. lamblia and nested-PCR targeting the SSU rRNA gene of Cryptosporidium were performed in all the fecal samples. The PCR products were sequenced and analyzed using bioinformatics methods to identify the G. lamblia assemblages and Cryptosporidium species. RESULTS: The positive rates of G. lamblia and Cryptosporidium spp. infections in the 315 fecal samples were 3.2% (10/315) and 1.6% (5/315), respectively. Specifically, the two indicators were both significantly higher in dogs ≤12 months (17.8% and 11.1%, respectively) than in adult dogs (0.7% and 0.0%)(P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the two indicators between male and female dogs. In addition, two G. lamblia assemblages were identified, assemblages B (n=6) and D (n=4). Sequence analysis of PCR products of the SSU rRNA gene showed that the five Cryptosporidium isolates were C. canis (n =5). CONCLUSION: The prevalences of G. lamblia and Cryptosporidium infection in pet dogs in Anhui and Zhejiang Provinces were 3.2 % and 1.6 %, respectively. The assemblages of G. lamblia in this study are of types B and D.


Assuntos
Cryptosporidium/isolamento & purificação , Cães/parasitologia , Giardia lamblia/isolamento & purificação , Animais , China , Criptosporidiose/diagnóstico , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico , Doenças do Cão/parasitologia , Fezes/parasitologia , Feminino , Giardíase/diagnóstico , Giardíase/veterinária , Masculino
4.
J Affect Disord ; 352: 146-152, 2024 May 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38369263

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Pneumoconiosis is an important occupational disease; the association between pneumoconiosis and depression was largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between pneumoconiosis and the risk of subsequent depression. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using Taiwan's National Health Insurance database. The study included 16,795 patients diagnosed with pneumoconiosis between 2008 and 2018 and a comparison cohort of 67,180 individuals without pneumoconiosis, propensity score matched in a 1:4 ratio based on age, sex, monthly income, residential urbanization level, and date of pneumoconiosis diagnosis. The development of depression was monitored until the end of 2019. RESULTS: The incidence of depression was 1.68 times higher in the pneumoconiosis cohort than that in the comparison cohort, with an incidence rate of 10.07 versus 5.99 per 1000 person-years (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 1.84, 95 % confidence interval [CI] = 1.70-1.99). The risk of depression increased with an increased mean annual number of emergency department visits for pneumoconiosis, with aHRs of 1.34 (95 % CI = 1.13-1.59) and 2.31 (95 % CI = 1.94-2.76) for 1 ≤ n < 2, and n ≥ 2 compared to n < 1, respectively. LIMITATION: The database lacked detailed socioeconomic history, family history, and clinical variables. CONCLUSION: This study found that patients with pneumoconiosis have a significantly higher risk of depression than those without pneumoconiosis. Furthermore, the risk of depression increases with the frequency of emergency department visits for pneumoconiosis. Healthcare professionals should pay close attention to the mental health of patients with pneumoconiosis.


Assuntos
Depressão , Pneumoconiose , Humanos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Depressão/psicologia , Pneumoconiose/epidemiologia , Renda , Fatores de Risco , Taiwan/epidemiologia , Incidência
5.
Hepatol Int ; 18(2): 651-660, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38040945

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization combined with lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitors (triple therapy) exhibits promising efficacy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC). We aimed to evaluate the prognosis of patients with uHCC who received triple therapy and develop a prognostic scoring model to identify patients who benefit the most from triple therapy. METHODS: A total of 246 patients with uHCC who received triple therapy at eight centers were included and assigned to the training and validation cohorts. Prognosis was evaluated by the Kaplan-Meier curves. The prognostic model was developed by utilizing predictors of overall survival (OS), which were identified through the Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS: In the training cohort, the 3-year OS was 52.0%, with a corresponding progression-free survival (PFS) of 30.6%. The median PFS was 13.2 months [95% confidence interval, 9.7-16.7]. Three variables (total bilirubin ≥ 17 µmol/L, alpha-fetoprotein ≥ 400 ng/mL, and extrahepatic metastasis) were predictors of poor survival and were used for developing a prognostic model (TAE score). The 2-year OS rates in the favorable (0 points), intermediate (1 point), and dismal groups (2-3 points) were 96.9%, 61.4%, and 11.4%, respectively (p < 0.001). The PFS was also stratified according to the TAE score. These findings were confirmed in an external validation cohort. CONCLUSIONS: Triple therapy showed encouraging clinical outcomes, and the TAE score aids in identifying patients who would benefit the most from triple therapy.


Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Quimioembolização Terapêutica , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Compostos de Fenilureia , Quinolinas , Humanos , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/terapia , Inibidores de Checkpoint Imunológico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/terapia , Prognóstico
6.
Life (Basel) ; 14(4)2024 Mar 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38672710

RESUMO

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in an increasing population that is experiencing a wide range of long-lasting symptoms after recovery from the acute infection. Long COVID refers to this specific condition and is associated with diverse symptoms, such as fatigue, myalgias, dyspnea, headache, cognitive impairment, neurodegenerative symptoms, anxiety, depression, and a sense of despair. The potential of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) to improve chronic fatigue, cognitive impairments, and neurological disorders has been established; therefore, the use of HBOT to treat long COVID has also been studied. We conducted a literature search between 1 January 2019 and 30 October 2023, focusing on the clinical efficacy and utility of HBOT for treating long COVID and found ten clinical studies that fit the review topic, including one case report, five one-group pretest-posttest design studies, one safety report from a randomized controlled trial (RCT), and three complete reports of RCTs. Most studies found that HBOT can improve quality of life, fatigue, cognition, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and cardiopulmonary function. Although HBOT has shown some benefits for long COVID symptoms, further rigorous large-scale RCTs are required to establish precise indications, protocols, and post-treatment evaluations.

7.
J Pers Med ; 14(1)2024 Jan 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38248784

RESUMO

A rotator cuff tear is a prevalent ailment affecting the shoulder joint. The clinical efficacy of combined therapy remains uncertain for partial rotator cuff tears. In this study, we integrated extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection, juxtaposed with PRP in isolation. Both cohorts exhibited significant improvements in visual analogue scale (VAS), Constant-Murley score (CMS), degrees of forward flexion, abduction, internal rotation, and external rotation, and the sum of range of motion (SROM) over the six-month assessment period. The application of ESWT in conjunction with PRP exhibited notable additional enhancements in both forward flexion (p = 0.033) and abduction (p = 0.015) after one month. Furthermore, a substantial augmentation in the range of shoulder motion (SROM) (p < 0.001) was observed after six months. We employed isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) to analyze the differential plasma protein expression in serum samples procured from the two groups after one month. The concentrations of S100A8 (p = 0.042) and S100A9 (p = 0.034), known to modulate local inflammation, were both lower in the ESWT + PRP cohort. These findings not only underscore the advantages of combined therapy but also illuminate the associated molecular changes.

8.
J Hepatocell Carcinoma ; 10: 1799-1811, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37850080

RESUMO

Purpose: In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors have been used in combination with tyrosine kinase inhibitors and local therapies, creating a new era in treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT). However, the benefits of this triple therapy remain unclear. Thus, this study evaluated whether the combination of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), lenvatinib, and programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors (triple therapy) was effective and safe for unresectable HCC with main trunk portal vein tumor thrombus (Vp4). Patients and Methods: This study enrolled patients receiving triple therapy at four institutions between August 2018 and April 2022. Patient characteristics and course of treatment were extracted from patient records. Tumors and tumor thrombus response were evaluated using an HCC-specific modified RECIST. Kaplan-Meier curve analysis demonstrated overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Adverse events (AEs) were evaluated according to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, version 5.0. Results: Median follow-up duration was 18 (4.0-26.3) months. Overall, 41 patients with HCC and Vp4 receiving first-line triple therapy were enrolled. The intrahepatic tumor objective response rate was 68.3%. The median OS was 21.7 (range, 2.8-30.5) months, whereas the median PFS was 14.5 (range, 1.3-27.6) months. Twelve patients received sequential resections. Resection was independently associated with favorable OS and PFS. Fever (31.7%), hypertension (26.8%), fatigue (24.4%), abnormal liver function (63.4%) and decreased appetite (21.9%) were the AEs frequently associated with treatment. No treatment-related mortality occurred. Conclusion: TACE plus lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibition was effective and tolerable for treating unresectable HCC with Vp4, with a high tumor response rate and favorable prognosis.

9.
J Hepatocell Carcinoma ; 10: 2161-2171, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38076640

RESUMO

Background: This study aimed to determine whether salvage hepatectomy offers prognostic advantages for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC) patients with clinical complete response (cCR) after conversion therapy. Methods: A total of 74 consecutive uHCC patients with cCR after conversion therapy at seven major cancer centers in China between October 2018 and December 2021 were included. One-to-one propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to minimize the influence of potential confounders. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were compared between the surgical group and the non-surgical group. Results: Before PSM, 45 patients received salvage hepatectomy, and 29 patients received nonsurgical treatment. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year DFS rates were 77.8%, 61.5%, and 61.5% in the surgical group and 81.2%, 60.9%, and 60.9% in the non-surgical group, respectively. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS rates were 92.9%, 92.9%, and 69.7% in the surgical group and 100%, 70%, and 70% in the non-surgical group, respectively. There were no statistical differences in DFS and OS between groups [hazard ratio (HR)=0.715, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.250-2.043, p=0.531; HR=0.980, 95% CI: 0.177-5.418, p=0.982, respectively]. After PSM, 26 pairs of patents were selected; there remained no significant differences in DFS and OS between these two groups (HR=1.547, 95% CI: 0.512-4.669, p=0.439; HR=1.024, 95% CI: 0.168-6.242, p=0.979, respectively). Conclusion: Through the study, it tend to show that salvage hepatectomy may be not essential for uHCC patients with cCR, especially for patients with a high risk of surgical complications. Prospective trials with long term follow-up are warranted to evaluate this treatment option.

10.
Reprod Biomed Online ; 23(6): 735-9, 2011 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22036189

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to compare sperm velocity, hyperactivation, zona pellucida (ZP) binding and ZP-induced acrosome reaction (AR) between Quinn's advantage fertilization (QAF), human tubal fluid (HTF) and Ham's F10 media. Semen samples were obtained from normozoospermic men and motile spermatozoa were prepared by gradient centrifugation (PureSperm). Unfertilized oocytes from clinical IVF were used for spermatozoa-oocyte interaction tests. Sperm velocity and hyperactivation were assessed using a Hamilton-Thorn motility analyser. When media were supplemented with human albumin, sperm motility and velocity and sperm binding were not significantly different between QAF and HTF. However, ZP-induced AR was significantly higher with QAF than HTF (42±22 versus 21±18, P<0.th001). Sperm velocity, hyperactivation and sperm binding were also significantly higher in QAF than Ham's F10 media. Supplementation of media with either human serum or human albumin showed no difference in effect on all sperm test results. In conclusion, QAF medium significantly enhances ZP-induced AR which is essential for sperm penetration. Thus QAF appears to be a better medium than HTF for sperm fertilizing ability in conventional IVF.


Assuntos
Reação Acrossômica/efeitos dos fármacos , Meios de Cultura/farmacologia , Fertilização in vitro/métodos , Análise do Sêmen , Zona Pelúcida/efeitos dos fármacos , Albuminas , Líquidos Corporais , Técnicas de Cultura de Células , Técnicas de Cultura Embrionária , Tubas Uterinas , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Soro , Capacitação Espermática/efeitos dos fármacos , Espermatozoides/efeitos dos fármacos , Espermatozoides/fisiologia , Zona Pelúcida/fisiologia
11.
Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue ; 13(2): 99-109, 2007 Feb.
Artigo em Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17345762

RESUMO

In this article, we provide an update review on the implication of the assessment of human sperm function and the management of male infertility in clinical assisted reproductive technology (ART) known as in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). In most ART clinics, the assessment of male fertility is still mainly based on routine semen analysis but it is inaccurate in predicting sperm fertilizing ability. Thus it is often difficult to determine if IVF or ICSI will be an optimal treatment for patients in the initial cycle. Before introduction of ICSI, frequency of low ( <30%) fertilization rate in IVF was very high (20-35% of patients). Evidence suggests that sperm defects are the major contributors to complete failure of fertilization in IVF. Most common sperm defects are oligozoospermia, asthenozoospermia and teratozoospermia though many of the patients are shown to be normal in routine semen analysis. In the literature, many new sperm function tests have been developed, including sperm DNA normalities assessed by Acridine Orange (AO), sperm-zona pellucida (ZP) binding, the ZP-induced acrosome reaction (AR) , sperm-ZP penetration and recently hyaluronan binding assay (HBA). For routine semen analysis, sperm morphology is one of the most useful values for the prediction of sperm function but is also the most difficult test to perform accurately and consistently. Oocytes that failed to fertilize in clinical IVF/ICSI are valuable biological materials for testing sperm function. The human ZP selectively binds sperm with normal morphology and an intact acrosome. The ZP-induced AR is highly correlated with sperm-ZP penetration and disordered ZP-induced AR causes infertility in about 25% men with unexplained infertility with normal semen analysis. Both oligozoospermic (sperm count < 20 x 10(6) /ml) and severe teratozoospermia (strict normal sperm morphology < or =5%) men have a very high ( >70%) frequency of defective sperm-ZP interaction. Thus patients with defects of sperm-ZP interaction should be identified and treated with ICSI since they have high risk of low or zero fertilization rate in IVF. HBA test highly correlates with sperm motility and normal morphology but provides no additional information about sperm fertility. Clinical value of sperm DNA normalities detected by AO for the prediction of ART outcomes is currently still inconclusive and requires further investigation. In conclusion, addition of some of these new sperm tests to routine semen analysis could significantly improve the management of male infertility in clinical ART.


Assuntos
Infertilidade Masculina/fisiopatologia , Espermatozoides/fisiologia , Dano ao DNA , Humanos , Infertilidade Masculina/diagnóstico , Infertilidade Masculina/terapia , Masculino , Contagem de Espermatozoides , Injeções de Esperma Intracitoplásmicas , Motilidade dos Espermatozoides , Interações Espermatozoide-Óvulo
12.
Mol Neurobiol ; 52(3): 1467-1476, 2015 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25354496

RESUMO

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a major neurotrophin in the central nervous system that plays a critical role in the physiological brain functions via its two independent receptors: tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) and p75, especially in the neurodevelopment. Disrupting of BDNF and its downstream signals has been found in many neuropsychological diseases, including attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a common mental disorder which is prevalent in childhood. Understanding the physiological functions of BDNF during neural development and its potential relationship with ADHD will help us to elucidate the possible mechanisms of ADHD and to develop therapeutic approaches for this disease. In this review, we summarized the important literatures for the physiological functions of BDNF in the neurodevelopment. We also performed an association study on the functional genetic variation of BDNF and ADHD by a case-control study in the Chinese mainland population and revealed the potential correlation between BDNF and ADHD which needs further research to confirm.


Assuntos
Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade/genética , Fator Neurotrófico Derivado do Encéfalo/fisiologia , Neurogênese/fisiologia , Adulto , Substituição de Aminoácidos , Animais , Povo Asiático/genética , Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade/epidemiologia , Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade/fisiopatologia , Química Encefálica , Fator Neurotrófico Derivado do Encéfalo/química , Fator Neurotrófico Derivado do Encéfalo/deficiência , Fator Neurotrófico Derivado do Encéfalo/genética , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Criança , China/epidemiologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Hipercinese/genética , Deficiências da Aprendizagem/genética , Camundongos , Camundongos Knockout , Mutação de Sentido Incorreto , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/fisiologia , Vias Neurais/fisiologia , Transtornos do Neurodesenvolvimento/fisiopatologia , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Ratos , Ratos Transgênicos , Receptor trkB/fisiologia , Receptores de Fator de Crescimento Neural/fisiologia , Transdução de Sinais/fisiologia
13.
Fertil Steril ; 79(1): 74-80, 2003 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12524067

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between the zona pellucida (ZP)-induced acrosome reaction (AR) and fertilization rate and pregnancy rate in standard IVF and the frequency of disordered ZP-induced AR (DZPIAR) in patients with unexplained infertility. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Academic research and teaching tertiary hospital. PATIENTS: Patients with unexplained infertility with normal semen analysis. INTERVENTION: None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Semen analysis, the ZP-induced AR, and measurements of fertilization rate and pregnancy rate with in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). RESULT(S): A statistically significant correlation was found for the ZP-induced AR and fertilization rate with standard IVF (n = 65). Patients with DZPIAR (ZP-induced AR of 16%, who had an average fertilization rate of 61%. The sensitivity and specificity of DZPIAR for prediction of IVF rates <30% and >or=30% were 80% and 86%, respectively. Of 260 patients screened, the frequency of DZPIAR was 29%. Ten patients with DZPIAR had an average fertilization rate of 15% and no pregnancy with initial IVF cycles, and a fertilization rate of 61% (with three live-birth pregnancies) with subsequent ICSI cycles. Another 33 patients with DZPIAR were treated with ICSI alone, with an average fertilization rate of 71% and a live-birth pregnancy rate of 17% per embryo transfer. Sixteen of the patients had live-birth pregnancies (including one set of twins) after undergoing an average of 3.2 embryo transfers. CONCLUSION(S): Patients with DZPIAR have a low or zero fertilization rate with standard IVF but high fertilization and pregnancy rates with ICSI. Up to 29% of patients with unexplained infertility with normal semen analysis may have this condition, which should be diagnosed and treated with ICSI rather then standard IVF.


Assuntos
Reação Acrossômica , Fertilização in vitro , Infertilidade/terapia , Falha de Tratamento , Zona Pelúcida/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Gravidez , Estudos Prospectivos , Contagem de Espermatozoides , Injeções de Esperma Intracitoplásmicas , Motilidade dos Espermatozoides , Espermatozoides/fisiologia
14.
Fertil Steril ; 82(5): 1251-63, 2004 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15533339

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To review the clinical value of sperm-oocyte interaction tests for the diagnosis and management of infertility by standard IVF or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). DESIGN: Review of recent publications on relationships among sperm-oocyte interaction tests, sperm characteristics, and results of IVF and determination of frequency of defective sperm-oocyte interaction in infertile men. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Fertilization rates with IVF, sperm characteristics, sperm-zona pellucida (ZP) binding, ZP-induced acrosome reaction (AR), and sperm-ZP penetration. RESULT(S): Sperm defects associated with low sperm-ZP binding or impaired ZP-induced AR and sperm-ZP penetration are the major causes of failure of fertilization when all or most oocytes from a couple do not fertilize in standard IVF. There is a high frequency of defective sperm-ZP interaction in men with oligozoospermia (<20 x 10(6)/mL) and severe teratozoospermia (strict normal sperm morphology < or =5%). Sperm morphology correlates with sperm-ZP binding, and sperm concentration correlates with ZP-induced AR in infertile men with sperm concentrations >20 x 10(6)/mL. Defective ZP-induced AR may cause infertility in up to 25% men with idiopathic infertility. These patients require ICSI despite the normal standard semen analyses. CONCLUSION(S): Sperm-oocyte interaction tests are useful for diagnosis of subtle sperm defects that cause infertility in men without severe abnormalities of semen analysis. Pre-IVF diagnosis of these sperm defects will assist in the clinical assignment of patients to treatment with either standard IVF or ICSI.


Assuntos
Transferência Embrionária , Fertilização in vitro , Injeções de Esperma Intracitoplásmicas , Interações Espermatozoide-Óvulo , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino
15.
Fertil Steril ; 80(2): 384-9, 2003 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12909503

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the normal range of the zona pellucida (ZP)-induced acrosome reaction (AR) in fertile men. DESIGN: A study of normative data. SETTING: Academic research and teaching tertiary hospital.None.Fertile men (n = 111) who had children or whose female partner was currently pregnant. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE (S): Semen analysis, sperm-ZP binding, and the ZP-induced AR. RESULT(S): There was wide range for the ZP-induced AR: 20%-98% with a mean of 48%. The ZP-induced AR was significantly correlated with sperm concentration and normal morphology. The ZP-induced AR was significantly lower in men with sperm concentration 60 x 10(6)/mL. Similarly, men with normal sperm morphology >or=15% had significantly higher ZP-induced AR than men with normal morphology <15%. CONCLUSION(S): There is a wide range of the ZP-induced AR in fertile men that is correlated with sperm concentration and normal morphology.


Assuntos
Reação Acrossômica/fisiologia , Fertilidade , Zona Pelúcida/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Valores de Referência , Contagem de Espermatozoides , Espermatozoides/citologia
16.
Fertil Steril ; 78(1): 128-36, 2002 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12095502

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) on human acrosome morphology and the acrosome reaction. DESIGN: Controlled experiments on sperm and unfertilized oocytes from volunteers. SETTING: Academic research and teaching tertiary hospital. PATIENT(S): Sperm samples were from normospermic men and unfertilized oocytes from IVF patients. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Acrosome morphology was assessed by using transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The acrosome reaction was assessed by using fluorescein-labeled Pisum sativum agglutinin. RESULT(S): PMA induced acrosome ruffling, indicated by a marked wavy appearance. A significant correlation was found between PMA-induced ruffling and PMA enhancement of the zona pellucida-induced acrosome reaction. Protein kinase C inhibitors bisindolylmalemide I and sangivamycin had no effect on PMA-induced acrosomal ruffling, but actin polymerization inhibitors cytochalasin B and cytochalasin D significantly decreased PMA-induced acrosomal ruffling. In contrast, bisindolylmalemide I, sangivamycin, cytochalasin B, and cytochalasin D significantly decreased both the zona pellucida-induced acrosome reaction and the PMA enhancement of the zona pellucida-induced acrosome reaction. CONCLUSION(S): PMA-induced acrosomal ruffling involves actin polymerization, possibly independent of conventional protein kinase C. Acrosomal ruffling is involved in the PMA augmentation of the zona pellucida-induced acrosome reaction.


Assuntos
Acrossomo/efeitos dos fármacos , Acrossomo/fisiologia , Acetato de Tetradecanoilforbol/farmacologia , Acrossomo/ultraestrutura , Reação Acrossômica/efeitos dos fármacos , Reação Acrossômica/fisiologia , Actinas/metabolismo , Células Cultivadas , Citocalasina B/farmacologia , Citocalasina D/farmacologia , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Feminino , Humanos , Indóis/farmacologia , Masculino , Maleimidas/farmacologia , Microscopia Eletrônica , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Oócitos , Polímeros/metabolismo , Proteína Quinase C/antagonistas & inibidores , Nucleosídeos de Pirimidina/farmacologia , Zona Pelúcida/fisiologia
17.
Asian J Androl ; 6(1): 3-13, 2004 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15064827

RESUMO

AIM: To produce biologically active recombinant human (rh) ZP proteins in a human cell for use in sperm function tests. METHODS: The human embryonic kidney cell line 293T was employed to produce rhZP1, rhZP2 and rhZP3 proteins individually and together by co-expression. Presence of these proteins in the culture medium and cell lysate was assessed by Western blotting analysis. The effect of the recombinant proteins on the human AR was assessed. RESULTS: RhZP2 and rhZP3 were secreted into the culture medium, whereas rhZP1 was found only in the cell lysate. Interestingly, when all zona pellucida proteins were co-expressed in the same cells, rhZP1 was also secreted into the culture medium. However, despite the presence of all three ZP proteins in sufficient concentration and evidence of heavy glycosylation on gel electrophoresis, biological activity to induce the AR was not observed. CONCLUSION: RhZP1, rhZP2 and rhZP3 were successfully expressed in the human embryonic kidney cell line 293T. It appears that an interaction amongst these proteins may be required for release of rhZP1 from the cell. Although this approach is not satisfactory for producing active human ZP proteins, it makes a significant contribution to the understanding of the structural and functional characteristics of the ZP proteins.


Assuntos
Proteínas do Ovo/genética , Expressão Gênica , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/genética , Receptores de Superfície Celular/genética , Reação Acrossômica/efeitos dos fármacos , Western Blotting , Linhagem Celular , Proteínas do Ovo/análise , Proteínas do Ovo/farmacologia , Embrião de Mamíferos , Feminino , Imunofluorescência , Glicosídeo Hidrolases/metabolismo , Glicosilação , Humanos , Rim , Masculino , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/análise , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/farmacologia , Receptores de Superfície Celular/análise , Proteínas Recombinantes/análise , Proteínas Recombinantes/farmacologia , Glicoproteínas da Zona Pelúcida
18.
Anim Sci J ; 85(1): 85-9, 2014 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23773533

RESUMO

Heat stress decreases natural immunity making cows more vulnerable to diseases. A previous study reported that daidzein can enhance animal resistance to heat stress and regulate animal immunocompetence. However, it is unclear whether daidzein regulates the immune performance of late lactation cows under heat stress. In this study, late lactation cows in four groups were raised in hot weather and fed with basic diet, basic diet plus 200, 300, 400 mg/day daidzein, respectively, and the experimental period was 60 days. Blood was collected to examine the changes of serum total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), immunoglobulin G (IgG), interferon alpha (IFN-α), and interleukin-2 (IL-2). We found the levels of serum IgG and INF-α were significantly higher in late lactation cows after 300 and 400 mg/day daidzein treatment compared to those in the control group and 200 mg/day daidzein treatment (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Moreover, 300 and 400 mg/day daidzein treatment markedly increased serum IL-2 (P < 0.01), while the levels of serum TP and ALB were not changed by any concentration of daidzein treatment (P > 0.05). Daidzein can enhance the immunocompetence of late lactation cows and strengthen cow resistance to heat stress.


Assuntos
Bovinos/imunologia , Bovinos/fisiologia , Temperatura Alta/efeitos adversos , Imunidade Inata/efeitos dos fármacos , Imunidade Inata/imunologia , Imunocompetência/efeitos dos fármacos , Isoflavonas/administração & dosagem , Isoflavonas/farmacologia , Lactação/imunologia , Fitoestrógenos/administração & dosagem , Fitoestrógenos/farmacologia , Estresse Fisiológico/imunologia , Animais , Proteínas Sanguíneas/metabolismo , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Feminino , Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Interferon-alfa/sangue , Interleucina-2/sangue , Albumina Sérica/metabolismo , Estimulação Química
20.
Fertil Steril ; 99(2): 367-71, 2013 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23089238

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To determine differences and frequency of excessive (≥50%) sperm DNA damage between ejaculated and motile sperm. DESIGN: Sperm DNA damage was assessed by acridine orange fluorescence and the results of ejaculated and motile sperm were compared. SETTING: Public and private clinical assisted reproduction centers. PATIENT(S): A total of 272 subfertile men were studied. INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Semen analysis and sperm DNA damage. RESULT(S): Sperm DNA damage was negatively correlated with sperm motility and normal morphology. Overall, 39.7% (108 of 272) of semen samples had excessive sperm DNA damage. In contrast, only 15% (41 of 272) of motile sperm fractions had excessive DNA damage. Based on DNA results of motile sperm and semen characteristics, the proportion of men with excessive sperm DNA damage was 26% in severe teratozoospermia, 17.5% in oligozoospermia, 12.5% in moderate teratozoospermia, and 4.6% in normozoospermia. Severe teratozoospermia had five times more frequent excessive DNA damage than normozoospermia. CONCLUSION(S): Abnormal sperm morphology is highly associated with sperm DNA damage. Results of DNA damage of ejaculated sperm do not accurately reflect DNA status of motile sperm. Therefore, sperm DNA damage should be assessed in motile sperm fraction rather than whole ejaculated sperm.


Assuntos
Dano ao DNA/genética , Análise Mutacional de DNA/métodos , DNA/genética , Ejaculação/genética , Oligospermia/genética , Análise do Sêmen/métodos , Motilidade dos Espermatozoides/genética , Adulto , DNA/análise , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Oligospermia/diagnóstico , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e Especificidade
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