An analysis of the relationship between donor and recipient biomarkers and kidney graft function, dysfunction, and rejection.

BACKGROUND: The study aimed to find predictive biomarkers to evaluate donor kidney function to predict graft dysfunction as well as to assess an early signs of acute graft rejection. METHOD: Twenty-seven deceased donors and 54 recipients who underwent a successful kidney transplantation were enrolled in the study. An assessment was made in serum and urine from donors and recipients to measure the following biomarkers: neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP-2) and urinary N-acetyl-b-D-glucosaminidase (uNAG). These biomarkers were used to establish a model for predicting a reduced graft function (RGF) classified as either a delayed or slow graft function. RESULT: Our analysis suggest that out of four tested biomarkers, the serum TIMP-2 and uNAG levels of the donors had a predictive value for RGF; the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC) of serum TIMP-2 and uNAG were 0.714 and 0.779, respectively. The combined best fitting prediction model of serum TIMP-2, uNAG, and creatinine levels was better in predicting RGF than the serum creatinine level alone. In addition, the recipient serum TIMP-2 level on the third day post-transplantation (D3) was associated with the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) on the seventh day post-transplantation (D7; OR 1.119, 95% CI 1.016-1.233, p = 0.022). Furthermore, the ROC curve value revealed that the AUROC of TIMP-2 on D3 was 0.99 (95% CI 0.97-1, p < 0.001), and this was the best predictive value of the renal function on D7. CONCLUSIONS: Donor serum TIMP-2 and uNAG levels are useful predictive biomarkers because they can provide the donor-based prediction for RGF.

miR-1293 Suppresses Tumor Malignancy by Targeting Hydrocyanic Oxidase 2: Therapeutic Potential of a miR-1293/Hydrocyanic Oxidase 2 Axis in Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common cancer, and extensive research suggests that microRNA may play an important role in the progression of RCC. The emphasis of this article was to reveal the function and mechanism of microRNA-1293(miR-1293) in the development of RCC tumors. First, the authors carried out bioinformatics analysis. The differential expression of miR-1293 in RCC tumor and normal cells was analyzed using the data from The Cancer Genome Atlas database, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was carried out to test the survival rate. Subsequently, the miR-1293 expression in RCC cell lines was examined by quantitative real-time PCR. Then Cell counting kit-8 and Transwell assays were executed to detect the function of miR-1293 in RCC. Bioinformatics prediction, western blotting, and dual-luciferase reporter assay were set to check the target gene of miR-1293. Finally, they conducted rescue experiments to verify whether the regulation of miR-1293 on the biological function of RCC cells was achieved by regulating hydrocyanic oxidase 2 (HAO2). Bioinformatics results showed that miR-1293 was highly expressed in RCC, and the miR-1293 high-expression group showed a lower survival rate than the miR-1293 low-expression group, which suggested that the high expression of miR-1293 was related to unfavorable prognosis in RCC. Subsequent assays evidenced that upregulation of miR-1293 expression significantly increased the cell viability and promoted cell migration and invasion in RCC. Silencing miR-1293 expression showed opposite results. Furthermore, HAO2 was confirmed to be a direct target gene of miR-1293 by dual-luciferase reporter assay, and miR-1293 negatively regulated the expression of HAO2. Moreover, rescue experiments evidenced that miR-1293 reduced the cell viability, invasion, and migration of RCC by regulating HAO2. In sum, miR-1293 can regulate the viability, invasion, and migration of RCC tumor cells by targeting HAO2, suggesting that miR-1293 can be used as a new biomarker for clinical treatment of RCC.

Synthesis and Luminescence Properties of Novel Ce(3+)- and Eu(2+)-Doped Lanthanum Bromothiosilicate La3Br(SiS4)2 Phosphors for White LEDs.

Novel Ce(3+)- and Eu(2+)-doped lanthanum bromothiosilicate La3Br(SiS4)2:Ce(3+)and La3Br(SiS4)2:Eu(2+) phosphors were prepared by solid-state reaction in an evacuated and sealed quartz glass ampule. The La3Br(SiS4)2:Ce(3+) phosphor generates a cyan emission upon excitation at 375 nm, whereas the La3Br(SiS4)2:Eu(2+) phosphor could be excited with extremely broad range from UV to blue region (300 to 600 nm) and generates a reddish-orange broadband emission centered at 640 nm. In addition, thermal luminescence properties of La3Br(SiS4)2:Ce(3+)and La3Br(SiS4)2:Eu(2+) phosphors from 20 to 200 °C were investigated. The combination of a 450 nm blue InGaN-based LED chip with the red-emitting La3Br(SiS4)2:Eu(2+) phosphor, and green-emitting BOSE:Eu(2+) commercial phosphor produced a warm-white light with the CRI value of ∼95 and the CCT of 5,120 K. Overall, these results show that the prepared phosphors may have potential applications in pc-WLED.