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1.
Can Fam Physician ; 64(2): 111-120, 2018 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29449241

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To develop a clinical practice guideline for a simplified approach to medical cannabinoid use in primary care; the focus was on primary care application, with a strong emphasis on best available evidence and a promotion of shared, informed decision making. METHODS: The Evidence Review Group performed a detailed systematic review of 4 clinical areas with the best evidence around cannabinoids: pain, nausea and vomiting, spasticity, and adverse events. Nine health professionals (2 generalist family physicians, 2 pain management-focused family physicians, 1 inner-city family physician, 1 neurologist, 1 oncologist, 1 nurse practitioner, and 1 pharmacist) and a patient representative comprised the Prescribing Guideline Committee (PGC), along with 2 nonvoting members (pharmacist project managers). Member selection was based on profession, practice setting, location, and lack of financial conflicts of interest. The guideline process was iterative through content distribution, evidence review, and telephone and online meetings. The PGC directed the Evidence Review Group to address and provide evidence for additional questions as needed. The key recommendations were derived through consensus of the PGC. The guideline was drafted, refined, and distributed to a group of clinicians and patients for feedback, then refined again and finalized by the PGC. RECOMMENDATIONS: Recommendations include limiting medical cannabinoid use in general, but also outline potential restricted use in a small subset of medical conditions for which there is some evidence (neuropathic pain, palliative and end-of-life pain, chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, and spasticity due to multiple sclerosis or spinal cord injury). Other important considerations regarding prescribing are reviewed in detail, and content is offered to support shared, informed decision making. CONCLUSION: This simplified medical cannabinoid prescribing guideline provides practical recommendations for the use of medical cannabinoids in primary care. All recommendations are intended to assist with, not dictate, decision making in conjunction with patients.


Assuntos
Canabinoides/efeitos adversos , Canabinoides/uso terapêutico , Medicina Baseada em Evidências/normas , Atenção Primária à Saúde/normas , Tomada de Decisões , Humanos , Espasticidade Muscular/tratamento farmacológico , Náusea/tratamento farmacológico , Dor/tratamento farmacológico , Vômito/tratamento farmacológico
3.
Can Fam Physician ; 64(2): e64-e75, 2018 02.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29449260

RESUMO

OBJECTIF: Élaborer des lignes directrices de pratique clinique visant à simplifier l'approche à l'emploi de cannabinoïdes à des fins médicales en soins de première ligne; le projet visait l'application en soins de première ligne, en insistant fortement sur les meilleures données probantes disponibles, et la promotion de la prise de décision éclairée et partagée. MÉTHODES: Le Groupe d'examen des données a effectué une revue systématique détaillée de 4 domaines cliniques dotés des meilleures données probantes en matière de cannabinoïdes : douleur, nausées et vomissements, spasticité et événements indésirables. Neuf professionnels de la santé (2 omnipraticiens, 2 médecins de famille spécialisés en gestion de la douleur, 1 médecin de famille en milieu urbain, 1 neurologue, 1 oncologue, 1 infirmière praticienne et 1 pharmacien) et une représentante de patients composaient le Comité des lignes directrices en matière de prescription (CLDP), de même que 2 membres sans droit de vote (pharmaciens gestionnaires de projet). Les membres ont été sélectionnés en fonction de leur profession, et de leur contexte et de leur lieu de pratique, de même qu'en fonction de l'absence d'un conflit d'intérêts de nature financière. Les lignes directrices sont le fruit d'un processus itératif incluant la distribution de contenu, l'examen minutieux des données probantes, et des rencontres téléphoniques et en ligne. Le CLDP a confié au Groupe d'examen des données la responsabilité de répondre aux questions additionnelles et de fournir des données probantes, au besoin. Les principales recommandations découlent d'un consensus au sein du CLDP. Les lignes directrices ont été rédigées, peaufinées et distribuées à un groupe de cliniciens et de patients aux fins de commentaires, puis ont été peaufinées à nouveau et finalisées par le CLDP. RECOMMANDATIONS: Les recommandations consistent à limiter la consommation générale de cannabinoïdes médicaux, mais elles décrivent aussi l'emploi restreint potentiel dans un petit sous-groupe de conditions de santé pour lesquelles des données probantes existent (douleur neuropathique, douleur en soins palliatifs et en fin de vie, nausées et vomissements induits par la chimiothérapie, et spasticité causée par la sclérose en plaques ou une lésion de la moelle épinière). L'article examine en détail d'autres points importants en matière de prescription, et offre du contenu étayant la prise de décision éclairée et partagée. CONCLUSION: Ces lignes directrices simplifiées en matière de prescription de cannabinoïdes médicaux offrent des recommandations pratiques quant à l'emploi de cannabinoïdes en soins de première ligne. Toutes les recommandations visent à contribuer à la prise de décision conjointement avec le patient et non à la dicter.

4.
Clin Ther ; 29(2): 334-41, 2007 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17472825

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to characterize outcomes in patients with epilepsy who experienced adverse reactions on switching from branded to generic lamotrigine and who were subsequently switched back to the branded formulation. METHODS: This case-series analysis used data from patients identified through a survey of Ontario pharmacists, where Health Canada adverse-reaction forms submitted to pharmacists by physicians were retrieved, and from a physician chart audit and survey. Data from male and female patients with epilepsy who experienced an adverse reaction on switching from branded to generic lamotrigine and thus were switched back to the branded formulation were included. RESULTS: The pharmacists' survey indicated that 11 of 14 retrieved adverse-reaction forms described patients with epilepsy who experienced loss of seizure control when generic lamotrigine was substituted for branded drug. Seizure control was regained in 8/10 (80%) patients with reported outcomes when they were switched back to the branded drug. Based on data from the physician survey response rate, 130/544 [24%1], 5/95 (5%) reported filing a Health Canada adverse-reaction form requesting that a patient be dispensed branded lamotrigine rather than the generic formulation. Six physicians provided data on 9 patients who experienced adverse reactions on a brand-to-generic switch, 8 of which were due to loss of seizure control. Seizure control was regained in all but 1 case on a switch back to the branded drug. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this small case-series investigation suggest that some patients may experience loss of seizure control when generic lamotrigine is substituted for the branded formulation. The degree of risk was not assessable based on available data, which are merely suggestive because of the observational nature of the study.


Assuntos
Sistemas de Notificação de Reações Adversas a Medicamentos/estatística & dados numéricos , Anticonvulsivantes/efeitos adversos , Medicamentos Genéricos/efeitos adversos , Epilepsia/tratamento farmacológico , Triazinas/efeitos adversos , Adolescente , Adulto , Anticonvulsivantes/uso terapêutico , Canadá , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Medicamentos Genéricos/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Humanos , Lamotrigina , Masculino , Auditoria Médica , Prontuários Médicos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Farmacêuticos , Médicos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Convulsões/tratamento farmacológico , Equivalência Terapêutica , Triazinas/uso terapêutico
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